To explore the research progress and hotspots in the field of post-abortion contraceptive services, and to provide references for in-depth research in this area. Methods: A total of 825 English literature on post-abortion contraceptive services were retrieved from the Web of Science core collection, Scopus database, and PubMed database from 2003 to 2023. Bibliometric methods and CiteSpace 6.1 software were used to analyze the authors, institutions, and keywords. Results: The number of published papers in each database showed an overall upward trend. Since 2010, the annual number of published papers remained above 30 papers, and United States ranked the first, with 354 published papers. The University of California, San Francisco was the research institution that published the most English literatures, with a total of 38 articles. The top 5 keywords with the highest centrality were oral contraceptives (0.67), contraceptive methods (0.35), acceptability (0.14), reversible contraception (0.13), and intrauterine contraception (0.13), respectively. From the perspective of emergent intensity, the emergent intensities of the first 15 keywords were all more than 4. The duration of emergent intensity of research on "adolescents" was from 2003 to 2013, with the longest influence time. Conclusion: The correlational research on post-abortion contraceptive services is still in the development stage. It is necessary to focus on the deeper research and to strengthen the cooperation of cross-group and cross-regional among authors or institutions to provide reference for in-depth research in related fields in the future.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1762- [Abstract]（ 611 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To investigate the impact the signaling pathway of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) regulated by sevoflurane on the proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis of the endometrial cancer cells. Methods: The endometrial cancer cells HEC-1A were divided into control group, sevoflurane group, si-NC group, si-VEGF group, sevoflurane+pc-NC group, and sevoflurane+pc-VEGF group. MTT and Edu methods were used to detect the proliferation of the endometrial cancer cells. Transwell test was used to detect the migration and invasion of the cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of the cells. Matrigel gel three-dimensional culture was used to observe angiogenesis of the cells. The qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and VEGFR2 mRNA of the endometrial cancer cells in each group. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), nuclear protein (Ki-67), cysteine protease-3 (Caspase-3), and VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway related proteins of the endometrial cancer cells. Results: The HEC-1A cells in the control group had good lumen structure. Compared with those of the HEC-1A cells in the control group, the lumen structure of the HEC-1A cells in the sevoflurane group, in the si-VEGF group, and in the sevoflurane+pc-NC group had been disrupted significantly, the OD490 values in 24h and 48h, the cell proliferation rate, the numbers of cell migration and invasion, the expression of VEGF mRNA and VEGFR2 mRNA, and the expression levels of VEGF-A, VE cadherin, Ki-67, VEGF, and VEGFR2 proteins of the HEC-1A cells in the sevoflurane group, in the si-VEGF group, and in the sevoflurane+pc-NC group had decreased significantly, and the apoptosis rate and the expression of Caspase-3 protein of the HEC-1A cells in the sevoflurane group, in the si-VEGF group, and in the sevoflurane+pc-NC group had increased significantly (P＜0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the detection indicators of the HEC-1A cells between the si-VEGF group and the sevoflurane group (P＞0.05). Compared with those of the HEC-1A cells in the sevoflurane+pc-NC group, the damage degree of the lumen structure of the HEC-1A cells had decreases significantly, the OD490 values in 24h and 48h, the proliferation rate, the numbers of migration and invasion, the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and VEGFR2 mRNA, and the expression levels of VEGF-A, VE cadherin, Ki-67, VEGF, and VEGFR2 proteins of the HEC-1A cells had increased significantly, the apoptosis rate and the expression of Caspase-3 protein had decreased significantly (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Sevoflurane can inhibit the proliferation and angiogenesis of the endometrial cancer cells by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway, and can promote the apoptosis of the endometrial cancer cells.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1777- [Abstract]（ 470 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To investigate the physical exercise situation of women during pregnancy, and to study the influence of the physical exercise of the women on their postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength. Methods: From August 2021 to March 2022, the women who came to Tongren Hospital affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine for 6-8 weeks postpartum examination and gave birth to a single child were selected as the participants. The questionnaire survey and the pelvic floor muscle strength test of the women were carried out. The general demographic characteristics and the physical exercise situation during pregnancy of the women were surveyed. The vaginal dynamic pressure and the pelvic floor muscle strength of the women were detected, and the pelvic floor muscle strength normal or not were evaluated comprehensively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of the physical exercise during pregnancy of the women on their pelvic floor muscle strength. Results: A total of 873 valid questionnaires were collected in this study. There were 43.2% women had taken part in physical exercise, including Kegel exercise of 22.3%, yoga of 14.8%, pregnant gymnastics of 12.0%, and WAFF exercise of 11.9%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the pregnant gymnastics and Kegel exercise of the women could significantly improve the proportions of their normal postpartum overall condition of pelvic floor muscle strength, including dynamic vaginal pressure, and class I and II muscle fiber strength (OR=2.37, 95%CI 1.15-4.91, and OR=2.35, 95%CI  1.22-4.53). WAFF exercise during pregnancy of the women could significantly improve the proportions of their normal postpartum pelvic floor muscle fibers of type I and II (OR=1.83, 95%CI 1.13-2.95, and OR=2.28，95%CI 1.38-3.78). Along with the types of physical exercises of the women during pregnancy increased, the proportion of their normal postpartum pelvic floor muscle fibers of type I had increased (OR=1.16，95%CI 1.001.33), the proportion of their normal postpartum vaginal dynamic pressure had increased (OR=1.49, 95%CI 1.24-1.80), and the proportion of their normal postpartum overall condition of pelvic floor muscle strength had also increased (OR=1.54, 95%CI 1.22-1.96). Conclusion: The pregnant gymnastics and Kegel exercise of the women during pregnancy can significantly improve their postpartum overall condition of pelvic floor muscle strength. WAFF exercise of the women during pregnancy can significantly improve their postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength. The increase of the number of the physical exercises types of the women during pregnancy can effectively improve their postpartum dynamic vaginal pressure and pelvic floor muscle strength. Therefore, the pregnant gymnastics, Kegel exercise and WAFF exercise should be promoted among the pregnant women after the obstetrician evaluation, and two or more exercises of them should be advocated.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1791- [Abstract]（ 401 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 16 )

To analyze the effect of esketamine used for the improvement of vital signs and comfort of women in painless sugical abortion. Methods: From January 2021 to January 2023, 100 women who wanted painless sugical abortion were randomly divided into two groups (50 cases in each group). The women in the control group were given sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg combined with propofol 2 mg/kg injection intravenously, and the women in the observation group were given esketamine 0.1-0.2 mg/kg combined with propofol 2 mg/kg injection intravenously. The values of the anesthesia indexes, the vital signs, the degree of postoperative uterine contraction pain by VAS score, the postoperative comfort by GCQ score, and the adverse reactions rate of the women in the two groups were observed. Results: The anesthesia indexes values of the women in the observation group were significantly better than those of the women in the control group, and the vital signs of the women in the observation group after propofol intravenous injection and after the operation were significantly better than those of the women in the control group. The VAS scores of uterine contraction pain of the women in the observation group at 10min, 20min, 30min, and 60min after awakening were 2.98±0.50 points, 2.14±0.41 points, 2.00±0.35 points, and 1.35±0.16 points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those (3.47±0.53 points, 2.73±0.36 points, 2.42±0.27 points, and 2.00±0.24 points, respectively) of the women in the control group. The comfort GCQ scores of the women in the observation group at 10min, 20min, 30min, and 60min after awakening were 89.98±9.56 points, 94.72±11.68 points, 100.33±12.41 points, and 105.62±11.04 points, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (84.57±10.73 points, 88.69±12.59, 95.72±12.73, and 99.14±10.45 points, respectively) of the women in the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions (6.0%) was significantly lower than that (20.0%) of the women in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Esketamine combined with propofol used in painless sugical abortion of the women has good effect, which can improve their anesthetic indexes, promote their postoperative recovery, stabilize their vital signs, reduce their postoperative uterine contraction pain, improve their postoperative comfort, and reduce their adverse reactions, with better effectiveness and safety.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1802- [Abstract]（ 555 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 16 )

To investigate the effects of esketamine combined with nalbuphine for patient -controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) of women on their analgesia, recovery quality, and postpartum depression after cesarean section. Methods: A total of 240 women after cesarean section were randomly divided into two groups (120 cases in each group) from January 2021 to December 2022. At the end of the cesarean section, the women in both groups were given PCIA for analgesia to postoperative 48h. The women in the control group were given PCIA with nalbuphine 2 mg/kg in normal saline 200 ml, and the women in the experimental group were given PCIA with nalbuphine 2 mg/kg combined with esketamine 1 mg/kg in normal saline 200 ml. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at postoperative 6h, 12h, 24h, and 48h and the recovery situation of the women in the two groups were recorded. The serum prolactin (PRL) level of the women in the two groups at 1 h before operation, or at 24 h or 48 h after operation was measured. The score by 40-item quality of recovery scale (QoR-40) of the women in the two groups in 5 days after operation was performed to evaluate their overall recovery situation. The incidences of the postpartum depression of the women in the two groups in 3 days, 7 days, and 6 weeks after operation were counted. The adverse reactions of the women in the two groups within 48h after operation were observed. Results: The VAS scores (both at resting and active) of the women in the experimental group at 6-48h after operation were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group. The time of getting out of bed (13.45±2.39h), the time of anal exhaust (21.45±5.41h), and the time of lactation initiation (24.22±5.44h) of the women in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those (14.78±3.14h, 23.78±4.62, and 29.35±5.78h) of the women in the control group. The lactation times (8.25±1.76 times) of the women in the experimental group in 48h after operation was significantly higher than that (6.49±1.58 times) of the women in the control group. The PRL level of the women in the experimental group at 24h and 48h after operation was significantly higher than that of the women in the control group. The score of QoR-40 (175.12±5.39 points) of the women in the experimental group in the 5th day after operation was significantly higher than that (168.66±5.67 points) of the women in the control group. The incidences of the postpartum depression of the women in the experimental group in 3 and 7 days after operation (5.8% and 9.2%) were significantly lower than those (17.5% and 22.5%) of the women in the control group (all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the adverse reactions rate (17.5% vs.16.7%) of the women within 48h after operation between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Esketamine combined with nalbuphine for PCIA of the women after cesarean section can not only has better analgesic effect, but also reduce the incidence of the postpartum depression and improve the quality of postoperative recovery of the women.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1812- [Abstract]（ 545 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 13 )

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1824- [Abstract]（ 561 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To investigate the impacts of dexmedetomidine combined with nalbuphine used during laparoscopic total hysterectomy of patients on their postoperative pain, sleep quality, cognitive function, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level. Methods: 90 patients who wanted laparoscopic hysterectomy were selected and were randomly divided into two groups (45 cases in each group) from April 2020 to April 2022. The patients in the control group were given nalbuphine for analgesia, and the patients in the study group were given dexmedetomidine combined with nalbuphine for analgesia. The postoperative indicators, the pain degree evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), the sleep quality devalued by non-rapid eye movement (NREM), rapid eye movement (REM), sleep efficiency, and subjective sleep quality, the cognitive function devalued by Mini Mental State Evaluation Scale (MMSE), the serum PGE2 level, and the occurrence of adverse reactions of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The extubation time (18.2±1.9min), the recovery time (16.9±1.7min), and the incidence of agitation (15.6%) of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those (20.4±2.1min, 18.4±1.9min, and 35.6%) of the patients in the
control group. The VAS scores of the patients in both groups at 6h, 12h, and 24h after surgery had decreased gradually, and which of the patients in the study group at 12h and 24h after surgery were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (P＜0.05). The NREM value in N1 stage and N2 stage of the patients in both groups in 1 day and 3 days after surgery was significantly higher than that in 1 day before surgery, while the NREM value in N3 stage of the patients in the study group in 1 day and 3 days after surgery was significantly lower than that in 1 day before surgery. The NREM value in N1 stage of the patients in the study group in 3 day after surgery was significantly lower than that in 1 day after surgery, but which in N3 stage was significantly higher (all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the NREM value of the patients in the control group in 1 day and 3 days after surgery among different stages of NREM (P＞0.05). The REM value, the sleep efficiency, and the subjective sleep quality efficiency of the patients in the two groups in 1 day after surgery were significantly lower than those in 1 day before surgery, but which of the patients in the study group in 3 day after surgery were significantly higher than those in 1 day after surgery (all P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in the REM value, the sleep efficiency, and the subjective sleep quality efficiency of the patients in the control group among 1 day before surgery, 1 day after surgery, and 3 day after surgery (P＞0.05). The MMSE score of the patients in the two groups had increased gradually, and which of the patients in the study group in postoperative 2d and 3d were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group (all P＜0.05). The serum PGE2 levels of the patients in the study group at 12h and 24h after surgery were all significantly lower than those at 6h after surgery. The serum PGE2 level of the patients in the control group at 6h, 12h, and 24h after surgery had decreased gradually, and which of the patients in the study group at 6h, 12h, and 24h after surgery was significantly lower than that of the patients in the control group (all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (15.6% vs. 11.1%) of the patients between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine combined with nalbuphine used in laparoscopic hysterectomy of the patients can effectively relieve their postoperative pain, improve their sleep quality and cognitive function, and regulate their PGE2 level, and which is safe and effective.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1833- [Abstract]（ 505 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 16 )

To explore the efficacy of the combination of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine decoction for treating patients with polycystic ovary syndrome on (PCOS). Methods: A total of 138 patients with PCOS were included and were randomly divided into two groups from November 2019 to November 2022. The patients in the study group were treated with acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction, while the patients in the control group were treated with acupuncture combined with clomiphene citrate tablets. The efficacy, the levels of sex hormone, visfatin, and irisin, the ovarian function, the score by simple quality of life assessment form (SF-36), and the incidence of adverse reactions of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate (88.4%) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (72.5%) of the patients in the control group. The levels of luteinizing hormone (7.19±2.01 U/L), visfatin (16.30±4.14 ng/ml), and irisin (165.44±10.41μg/L) of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those (10.16±2.42 U/L, 19.89±3.29 ng/ml, and 184.54±11.70μg/L) of the patients in the control group. The number of sinus eggs (4.34±0.42), the ovarian effusion (6.93±0.44 ml), and the uterine mucus score (55.24±4.34 points) of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those (7.05±0.41, 8.51±0.31 ml, and 63.23±3.14 points) of the patients in the control group. The endometrial thickness (8.90±0.52mm) and the SF-36 score (647.54±26.11 points) of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those (7.18±0.42mm and 436.72±18.63 points) of the patients in the control group (all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (8.7% vs.11.6%) of the patients between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The combination of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine decoction for PCOS can effectively increase the hormones levels and the ovarian function, and improve the quality of life, with better safety.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1844- [Abstract]（ 512 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1853- [Abstract]（ 475 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 16 )

To explore the effects of midwife-guided nutrition and weight management of primiparas on their natural delivery rate and neonatal status. Methods: 98 primiparas who had been established documents of perinatal period and had regular prenatal examination in the hospital were selected as the research subjects, and were randomly divided into two groups (49 cases in each group) by single-double ball method from January 2020 to June 2022. The primiparas in the control group were given routine management, while the primiparas in the observation group were given midwife-guided nutrition and weight management on the basis of routine management. The intake status of nutrients, such total protein, total cholesterol, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, and zinc, the prepregnancy delivery fear evaluated by Chinese version of Childbirth Fear-Prior to Pregnancy Scale (CFPP), the delivery outcomes, such as natural delivery, cesarean section, and dystocia, of the primiparas, and the neonatal Apgar score， and the neonatal outcomes, such as macrosomia, low birth weight infant, fetal intrauterine distress, and neonatal asphyxia, in the two groups were observed. Results: The nutrient intake situation of the primiparas in the observation group was significantly better than that of the primiparas in the control group. The rate of the natural delivery (83.7%) of the primiparas in the observation group was signficently higher than that (61.3%) of the primiparas in the control group. The scores of the fear for pain and loss of control (12.34±3.07 points), the fear for complications (6.48±1.21 points), and the fear for physical changes after delivery of (4.89±1.14 points) evaluated by CFPP of the primiparas in the observation group were signficently lower than those (14.26±3.22 points, 7.33±1.85 points, and 5.57±1.25 points) of the primiparas in the control group. The incidences of dystocia (8.2%) and macrosomia (0) of the primiparas in the observation group were signficently lower than those (24.5% and 12.2%) of the primiparas in the control group (all P＜0.05). There was no signficent difference in the neonatal Apgar score (8.37±0.48 points vs. 8.23±0.44 points) of the primiparas between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Midwife-guided nutrition and weight management of the primiparas can improve their nutritional status, alleviate their fear of pre-pregnancy delivery, increase their rate of natural delivery, and improve their neonatal status.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1863- [Abstract]（ 490 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 14 )

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1872- [Abstract]（ 456 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To study the effect of mifepristone combined with gestrinone for treating the patients with adenomyosis, and to analyze its influence on the levels of prostaglandin f 2a (PGF 2a) and βendorphins (β EP), and the uterine recovery of these patients. Methods: 105 patients with adenomyosis treated in hospital were selected and were divided into experimental group (n=53) and control group (n=52) by random number table method from January 2020 to January 2022. The patients in the control group were treated with gestational trienone, and the patients in the experimental group were treated with gestational trienone combined with mifepristone. The clinical efficacy, the levels of PGF2α and β EP, the uterine volume, the endometrial thickness, the menstrual volume, the dysmenorrhea degree, and the incidence of complications of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate (94.3%) of the patients in the experimental group after treatment was significantly higher than that (78.9%) of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). The serum PGF 2a level of the patients in both groups after treatment had decreased significantly, and which (197.64±35.62 pg/ml) of the patients in the experimental group was significantly lower than that (287.59±56.38 pg/ml) of the patients in the control group. The β EP level of the patients in both groups after treatment had increased significantly, and which (189.95±25.14 ng/L) of the patients in the experimental group was significantly lower than that (160.25±22.94 ng/L) of the patients in the control group. The uterine volume and the endometrial thickness of the patients in both groups after treatment had decreased significantly, and which (131.84±7.24cm3 and 8.30±1.21mm) of the patients in the experimental group were significantly lower than those (154.68±5.94cm3 and 9.56±1.07mm) of the patients in the control group. The menstrual volume and the dysmenorrhea score of the patients in both groups after treatment had decreased significantly, and which (51.52±5.97ml and 1.14±0.28 points) of the patients in the experimental group were significantly lower than those (68.64±6.63ml and 2.29±0.44 points) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). The main complications of the patients in the two groups were dizziness, nausea, abdominal pain, and breast pain. The total incidence of the complications (5.7%) of the patients in the experimental group had no significantly different from that (13.5%) of the patients in the control group (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Mifepristone combined with getrienone for treating the patients with adenomyosis can improve the therapeutic efficacy, and which may related with the effectively increase of the PGF2α and β EP levels and the uterine recovery of the patients.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1880- [Abstract]（ 514 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 14 )

To investigate the correlation between the antimullerian hormone level of infertility women and their estradiol level, and to study the predictive value of the antimullerian hormone (AMH) level for the pregnancy outcomes of these women after assisted reproduction. Methods: 260 infertile women who had been treated by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) from June 2020 to September 2022 were collected retrospectively. These women were divided into two groups based on whether pregnancy or not, including 174 women with pregnancy in group A and 86 women without pregnancy in group B. The general data, the oocytes retrieved situation, the egg acquisition, and the sex hormones and AMH levels of the women were compared between the two groups. The influencing factors of the pregnancy of the women after assisted reproductive treatment were analyzed. The predictive values of the AMH and E2 levels of the women for their pregnancy were also analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in the age, the body mass index, the age of spouse, the body mass index of spouse, the infertility years, the number of antral follicles, and the number of fertilized eggs of the women between the two groups (P＞0.05). The duration of exogenous gonadotropin used, the total dose of human chonic gonadotropin used, and the numbers of oocytes retrieved of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B. The serum FSH, E2, and LH levels of the women in group A were significantly lower than those of the women in group B. Multifactor analysis showed that the longer exogenous gonadotropin used, the higher dose of total exogenous gonadotropin used, the more umber of oocytes retrieved, the higher AMH, FSH, LH, E2 levels, and the lower levels of FSH, T, and P of the women were the protective factors of their pregnancy after assisted reproductive therapy (P＜0.05). The AMH level of the infertility women was negatively correlated with their E2 and LH levels, but was positively correlated with their FSH, T, and P levels (all P＜0.05). The sensitivities of the AMH level, E2 level, and the combined levels of AMH and E2 of the infertility women for predicting their pregnancy after assisted reproductive therapy were 25.3%, 10.3%, and 89.7%, respectively, and the sensitivity of the combined levels of AMH and E2 of the women for predicting their pregnancy had been improved. Conclusion: The AMH and E2 levels of the infertility women have certain value for predicting their pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproductive therapy, and which can be used as the important basis for the adjustment of clinical treatment regimen.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1888- [Abstract]（ 672 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 14 )

To explore the correlation between the serum asprosin and Irisin levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their glucolipid metabolism. Methods: The data of 83 pregnant women with GDM in study group were analyzed retrospectively. 50 healthy pregnant women were included in control group. The general data, the levels of glucolipid metabolism indicators, such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), total cholesterol (TC), high/low density lipoprotein cholesterol (H/LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG), and the serum asprosin and Irisin levels of the women were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the serum asprosin and Irisin levels of the women with GDM and their glucolipid metabolism. Results: There were no significant differences in the age, the body mass index, the gestational weeks, the number of pregnancies, the values of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and the levels of alanine aminotransferase and glutamic oxalic aminotransferase of the women between the two groups (P＞0.05). The fasting insulin level and the insulin resistance index value of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group, and the islet β cell function index value of the women in the study group was significantly lower. The levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, TC, TG, LDL-C, and asprosin of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group, but the serum Irisin level of the women in the study group was significantly lower (all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the HDL-C level of the women between the two groups (P＞0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, TC, TG, and LDL-C of the women with GDM were positively correlated with their serum asprosin level, and which of the women with GDM was negatively correlated with their serum Irisin level (P＜0.05). There was no correlation between the HDL-C level of the women with GDM and their serum asprosin and Irisin levels (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The women with GDM have abnormal high level of serum asprosin and have abnormal low level of serum Irisin. The levels of asprosin and Irisin of the women with GDM are significantly correlated with their glucolipid metabolism, and which can be used as the clinical auxiliary detective indicators.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1897- [Abstract]（ 491 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To investigate the value of the blood flow signal classification by vaginal bidirectional energy Doppler technique (s-Flow) combined with the detections of serum anti-cardiolipin antibody (ACA) and anti-β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ(anti-β2GPI) antibody of pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 320 pregnant women with threatened preterm labor or threatened abortion from June 2018 to June 2020 were collected. The blood flow signal classification of these women were examined by s-Flow, and the levels of serum ACA and anti-β 2 GPI antibody of these women were detected. According to the final pregnancy results, these women were divided into group A (241 cases with normal pregnancy outcome) and group B (79 cases with adverse pregnancy outcomes). Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women. The predictive value of the blood flow classification by vaginal s-Flow, and the serum ACA and anti-β2GPI antibody levels of the women for the pregnancy outcomes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: There was significant difference in the blood flow signal classification of the women between the two groups (P＜0.05). The serum ACA and anti-β2GPI antibody levels of the women in group B were significantly higher than those of the women in group A (P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the blood flow signal classification by vaginal s-Flow, and the levels of serum ACA and anti-β2GPI antibody of the women were the independent risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes (P＜0.05). The area under the curve of the blood flow signal classification by vaginal s-Flow of the women for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.578. The area under the curve of the serum ACA level with the cut-off value >3.87mIU/ml of the women for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.787. The area under the curve of the serum anti-β2GPI antibody level with the cut-off value >7.29 U/ml of the women for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.745. The area under the curve, the sensitivity, and the specificity of the combined of the blood flow signal classification by vaginal s-Flow and the serum ACA and antiβ2GPI antibody levels of the women for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.881, 81.0%, and 79.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The blood flow signal classification by vaginal s-Flow combined with the detections of the serum ACA and anti-β2GPI antibody of the pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy for evaluating their pregnancy outcomes has better efficacy.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1908- [Abstract]（ 482 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To analyze the risk factors of incision infection after lateral perineotomy during delivery of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to study the correlation between the infective risk factors of the women and their pain score. Methods: A retrospective analysis was used to collect the clinical data of 10 pregnant women with GDM and perineotomy incision infection (in observation group) from January 2020 to December 2022, and 51 women with GDM but without episiotomy incision infection during the same period were selected in control group. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the independent risk factors of the incision infection after lateral episiotomy of the women with GDM. The visual analogue scale (NRS) was used to observe the pain degree of the women in the two groups before and in 3 days after delivery. The correlation between the risk factors of infection after incision of the women and their pain score was analyzed, and the correlation was verified by Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: Univariate and multifactorial analyses showed that the longer second stage of labor, the emergency delivery, the premature rupture of membranes, and the amniotic fluid contamination of the women were the independent risk factors of their incision infection, while the glycemic control status reached to the standard, the application of antimicrobial drugs, and the continuous suture of incision of the women were the protective factors of their incision infection (all P＜0.05). Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis showed that the premature rupture of membranes, the duration of second stage of labor≥3h, and the amniotic fluid contamination of the women with GDM were significantly positively correlated with their postpartum pain, but the glycemic control status reached to the standard, the application of antimicrobial drugs, and the continuous suture of incision of the women with GDM were significantly negatively correlated with their postpartum pain (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The longer second stage of labor, the emergency delivery, the premature rupture of membranes, the glycemic control status reached to the standard, the application of antimicrobial drugs, and the suture mode of incision of the women with GDM are all the related factors of their incision infection after lateral episiotomy, which will affect the postpartum perineal pain, so based on these factors, it is of great clinical significance to develop the preventive measures to reduce the incision infection and decrease the postpartum perineal pain degree.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1917- [Abstract]（ 475 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

 To explore the value of blood routine examination combined with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of pregnant women for early diagnosing their gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicated with iron deficiency anemia. Method: 96 pregnant women with GDM complicated with iron deficiency anemia were selected in study group, and 96 pregnant women with GDM only were selected in control group from December 2019 to December 222. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia of the women with GDM. The diagnostic value of blood routine combined with HbA1c for the women with GDM complicated with iron deficiency anemia was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The values of red blood cell count (RBC), mean volume of red blood cell (MCV), hemoglobin (Hb), and mean erythrocyte hemoglobin (MCH) of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group, and the values of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and HbA1c of the women in the study group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in the age, the body mass index (BMI), the number of pregnancies, the previous delivery history, and the abnormal times of antenatal examination of the women between the two groups (P＞0.05). The proportions of the bad dietary habit and during the third trimester of pregnancy of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group (P＜0.05). The bad dietary habit, during the third trimester of pregnancy, and the abnormal increases of RDW and HbA1c of the women with GDM were all the risk factors of their iron deficiency anemia, and the normal values of RBC, MCV, Hb, and MCH of the women with GDM were the protective factors of their iron deficiency anemia (all P＜0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the blood routine indexes values combined with the HbA1c level of the women with GDM for diagnosing their iron deficiency anemia was 0.888, with the highest specificity (88.5%), and which was significantly better than that of the blood routine indexes values or the HbA1c level alone (all P＜0.001). Conclusion: The blood routine indexes values combined with the HbA1c level of the women with GDM for diagnosing their iron deficiency anemia has value.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1926- [Abstract]（ 495 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To explore the correlation between the D-dimer/fibrinogen (D/F) ratio of obese pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy and their occurrences of preeclampsia and adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 168 obese pregnant women were selected in observation group, and 100 pregnant women with normal weight who came to antenatal examination were selected in control group from January 2021 to January 2022. The serum D-dimer (D-D) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels of the women in the two groups were detected, and the D/F ratio of the women in the two groups was calculated. The optimal cut-off value of the D/F ratio of the women for predicting their occurrences of preeclampsia and adverse perinatal outcomes was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. According to the cut-off value, the women in the observation group were divided group A (women with high D/F ratio) and group B (women with low D/F ratio). The occurrences of preeclampsia and adverse perinatal outcomes of the women in group A and group B were analyzed. Results: The levels of serum D-D (4.58±1.25mg/L) and FIB (3.28±0.97g/L), and the D/F ratio (1.40±0.36) of the women in the observation group during the first trimester of pregnancy were significantly higher than those (2.20±0.58mg/L, 2.59±0.56g/L, and 0.85±0.11) of the women in the control group (all P＜0.05). ROC analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of D/F was 0.95, and there were 73 women with D/F ratio >0.95 in group A and 95 women with D/F ratio ≤0.95 in group B. The incidence of preeclampsia (17.8%) of the women in group A was significantly higher than that (2.1%) of the women in group B, and the incidences of premature birth (13.7%), fetal distress (20.6%), and neonatal asphyxia (4.0%) of the women in group A were significantly higher than those (2.1%, 5.3%, and 0) of the women in group B (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The incidences of preeclampsia and adverse perinatal outcomes of the obesity pregnant women with high D/F ratio during the first trimester of pregnancy are higher.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1935- [Abstract]（ 501 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To investigate the correlation between the serum miR-152 and miR-375 levels of pregnant women with early onset preeclampsia and their pregnancy outcomes. Methods: 88 pregnant women with early onset preeclampsia (in study group) and 78 healthy pregnant women (in control group) who had delivered from August 2017 to August 2019 were collected retrospectively. The general data of the women was compared between the two groups. According to the pregnancy outcomes of the women in the study group after followed up, the women were divided in group A (women with normal pregnancy outcomes) and group B (women with adverse pregnancy outcomes). The relative expression levels of serum miR-152 and miR-375 of the women were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the adverse pregnancy outcome of the women with early onset preeclampsia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the serum miR-152 and miR-375 levels of the women with early onset preeclampsia for their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results: The expression levels of miR-152(7.56±2.42) and miR-375(4.72±1.02) of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those (1.00±0.26 and 1.10±0.25) of the women in the control group (all P＜0.05). There were 26(29.6%) women in group B. The levels of serum miR-152 and miR-375(9.39±2.78 and 5.98±1.53) of the women in group B were significantly higher than those (6.79±2.06 of 4.19±0.51) of the women in group A (all P＜0.05). The values of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and the levels of serum miR-152 and miR-375 of the women in the study group were the independent risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes. The area under the curve (AUC) of the serum miR-152 level and the miR-375 level of the women with early-onset preeclampsia for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.769 and 0.829, the cutoff values of which were 7.88 and 4.99, the sensitivity of which were 73.1% and 69.2%, and the specificity of which were 72.6% and 98.4%. The AUC, the sensitivity, and the specificity of the combined of the miR-152 and miR-375 levels of the women with early-onset preeclampsia for evaluating their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.921, 80.8%, and 96.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The levels of serum miR-152 and miR-375 of the pregnant women with early-onset preeclampsia can be used as the indexes to evaluate their adverse pregnancy outcomes.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1943- [Abstract]（ 508 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To investigate the diagnostic value of the serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) neonates for their respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods: A total of 98 neonates with NRDS were selected in study group from January 2019 to December 2022, including 37 cases with mild NRDS in group A, 31 cases with moderate NRDS in group B, and 30 cases with severe NRDS in group C. And 60 neonates with non-pulmonary diseases were selected in control group during the same period. The serum ICAM-1 and CC16 levels of all the neonates were detected, and the differences of which of the neonates were compared among these groups. The correlation between the serum ICAM-1 and CC16 levels of the neonates and their ventilator parameters, such as inhaled oxygen concentration (FiO2), and their days of ventilator used was analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of the levels of ICAM-1 and CC16 of the neonates for their NRDS was evaluated. Results: The levels of serum ICAM-1 (438.89±122.41μg/ml) and CC16 (39.21±8.14 ng/ml) of the neonates in the study group were significantly higher than those (241.55±52.36μg/ml and 11.17±3.69 ng/ml) of the neonates in the control group, and which of the neonates in group A, group B, and group C had increased gradually (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum ICAM-1 and CC16 levels of the neonates in the study group were positively correlated with their FiO2 levels and their days of ventilator used (P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of ICAM-1 and CC16 of the neonates in the study group were the independently correlative factors of the neonatal NRDS occurrence (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the serum ICAM-1 level or CC16 level of the neonates for diagnosing their NRDS was 0.791 or 0.850, and which was significantly lower than that (0.920) of the combined serum ICAM-1 and CC16 levels (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The serum ICAM-1 and CC16 levels of the neonates reflect the severity of their NRDS, and which can be used as the markers for diagnosing the neonatal NRDS.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1953- [Abstract]（ 331 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 13 )

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1962- [Abstract]（ 420 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 19 )

To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound quantitative parameters combined the serum circCELSR1 detection for early diagnosing ovarian cancer of patients, and to study its correlation with the lymphatic metastasis of ovarian cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 96 patients with ovarian cancer (in study group) from May 2020 to October 2022 were collected, including 44 patients with the lymphatic metastasis in group A and 52 patients without the lymphatic metastasis in group B according to whether the lymphatic metastasis occurred or not. 94 patients with ovarian benign tumors were selected in control group. The patients in these groups were examined by color ultrasound diagnostic apparatus to obtain the starting time, the peak time, the perfusion time, and the enhancement intensity of the contrast medium. The serum circCELSR1 level of the patients in these groups was measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the serum circCELSR1 level of the patients and their ovarian cancer occurrence. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of the quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the serum circCELSR1 level of the patients for their ovarian cancer. Results: The starting time and the peak time of the contrast medium of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group, and the enhancement intensity of the contrast medium and the serum circCELSR1 level of the patients in the study group were significantly higher, and both of which were associated with the ovarian cancer occurrence (all P＜0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the starting time, the peak time, the enhancement intensity, and the serum circCELSR1 level, and the combined of the contrast medium starting time, peak time, enhancement intensity, and the serum circCELSR1 level of the patients for diagnosing ovarian cancer were 0.825, 0.854, 0.846, 0.762, and 0.970, respectively. The starting time and the peak time of the contrast medium of the patients in group A were significantly lower than those of the patients in group B, and the enhancement intensity of the contrast medium and the serum circCELSR1 level of the patients in group A were significantly higher (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with the detection of serum circCELSR1 level of the patients for the ovarian cancer can improve their diagnostic efficacy, and all of which of the patients are related to their lymphatic metastasis, and which can provide evidences for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1972- [Abstract]（ 436 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 14 )

To analyze the value of high frequency color Doppler ultrasound (CDFI) combined with real time shear wave elastography (RT-SWE) for differential diagnosing breast cancer and benign breast nodules. Methods: 118 patients with breast tumor were selected and divided into group A (64 cases with breast cancer) and group B (54 cases with benign breast nodules) according to their pathological results from Jan. 2019 to Dec. 2021. The patients in both groups received CDFI and RT-SWE examinations. The breast imaging reporting, the grading of data system (BI-RADS), and the ultrasound signs by CDFI examination, and the modulus of elasticity by RT-SWE examinations of the patients were compared between the two groups. The coincidence rate of the CDFI examination, the RTSWE examination, and the combined examinations of CDFI and RT-SWE for differential diagnosing breast cancer and benign breast nodules was analyzed. The value of the CDFI examination, the RT-SWE examination, and the combined examinations of CDFI and RT-SWE for differential diagnosing breast cancer and benign breast nodules were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The breast cancer grading of BI-RADS by CDFI examination of the patients in group B was significantly higher than that of the patients in group A, and the rates of the posterior attenuation, the aspect ratio ≥1, the low or very low internal echo, the edge irregularity, the microcalcification, and the solid internal structure by CDFI examination of the patients in group B were significantly lower than those of the patients in group A. The values of average modulus of elasticity (Emean), maximum modulus of elasticity (Emax), and minimum modulus of elasticity (Emin) by RT-SWE examination of the patients in group B were significantly lower than those of the patients in group A (all P＜0.05). The positive and negative prediction rates for the breast cancer and the breast benign nodules of the patients by CDFI examination were 80.0% and 77.4%, which by RTSWE examination were 87.3% and 83.6%. The positive and the negative prediction rates of CDFI combined with RT-SWE examinations for the breast cancer and the breast benign nodules of the patients were 93.9% and 96.2%. The areas under the curve of the CDFI examination, the RT-SWE examination, and the CDFI combined with RT-SWE examinations for diagnosing the breast cancer and the breast benign nodules were 0.786, 0.849, and 0.913, respectively. Conclusion: The CDFI combined with RT-SWE examinations for differential diagnosing breast cancer and benign breast nodules has high reference value in clinic.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1981- [Abstract]（ 434 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )

To study the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound diagnostic characteristics and the genotypic analysis of fetus with central nervous system (CNS) malformations diagnosis. Methods: 93 pregnant women diagnosed with abnormal fetal CNS development confirmed by the prenatal diagnosis center of the hospital from January 2019 to August 2022 were included in this study. The results of prenatal ultrasound examination of the fetus and the fetal karyotype analysis were collected, and the characteristics of the prenatal ultrasound and the chromosomal karyotype of the fetus with different gestational weeks and with different malformation types were analyzed. Results: Ultrasound examination for the fetus can be used to better screen the fetal CNS malformation, with the sensitivity of 90.3% and the specificity of 97.8% during the first trimester of pregnancy, and with the sensitivity of 96.8% and the specificity of 100.0% during the second trimester of pregnancy. However, the fetal neural tube defects were the mainly findings during the first trimester of pregnancy, and all the fetal CNS malformations could be found during the second trimester of pregnancy. The fetuses with CNS malformations might had abnormal chromosome karyotypes, mainly with trisomy 13 and 18. Conclusion: Prenatal examinations by two-dimensional, three-dimensional, transvaginal ultrasound, and chromosomal karyotype analysis for the fetuses have high clinical values in fetal CNS malformations screening, especially during the second trimester of pregnancy, and which can provide references for the clinical prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　1991- [Abstract]（ 321 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 14 )

Mitochondrial genetic diseases are familial genetic diseases caused by the mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which seriously affect the physical and mental health of the patients. Mitochondrial replacement technology is applied to replace the mutant mtDNA in oocyte, and which is the important means to prevent mitochondrial diseases of the next generation. At present, mitochondrial replacement technology mainly includes cytoplasmic transplantation, pronuclear transfer, Spindle-chromosome complex transfer, and polar body transfer. These technologies have safety and ethical controversies, and which have not yet been introduced into clinical applications. This article focuses on summarizing the genetic characteristics of the mitochondrial genetic diseases, and provides a detailed introduction to the principles, advantages and disadvantages of four mitochondrial replacement technologies, as well as research progress in humans and animals. At the same time, the safety and ethical controversy of these technologies are reviewed for providing the theory references in the prevention and treatment of the mitochondrial genetic diseases using mitochondrial replacement technology.

2023 Vol. 31　(8):　2000- [Abstract]（ 296 ） HTML (0 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 15 )