To evaluate the clinical effect of Xia Guicheng regulating cycle method combined with Gexia Zhuyu decoction for treating patients with primary dysmenorrhea of qi stagnation and blood stasis type. Methods: 105 patients with primary dysmenorrhea of qi stagnation and blood stasis type were randomly divided into observation group (50 cases) and control group (55 cases). The patients in the control group were treated with Gexia Zhuyu decoction for 7 days as one course of treatment for 3 courses during their menstruation. On the basis of the treatment of the patients in the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with menstrual cycle adjustment method additionally. The clinical efficacy of the patients was compared between the two groups. Results: After three menstrual cycles of treatment, the pain score by visual analogue scale (VAS) of the patients in both groups had decreased significantly, and which (1.9±0.5 points) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that (2.9±0.9 points) of the patients in the control group. The dysmenorrhea symptom score of the patients in both groups after treatment had decreased significantly, and which (6.3±2.3 points) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that (10.3±1.7 points) of the patients in the control group. The Cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS) score of the patients in both groups after treatment had decreased significantly, and the CMSS score (6.8±1.6 points) and the pain duration (11.7±4.1 day) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (9.4±2.1 points and 26.1±3.2 day) of the patients in the control group. The TCM syndrome score of the patients in both groups after treatment had decreased significantly, and which (5.2±1.4 points) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that (6.6±1.7 points) of the patients in the control group. The values of the pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the uterine artery of the patients after treatment had decreased significantly, and which (1.51±0.1 points and 0.72±0.01 points) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (2.26±0.05 points and 0.83±0.03 points) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The Xia Guicheng regulating cycle method combined with Gexia Zhuyu decoction for treating the patients with primary dysmenorrhea of qi stagnation and blood stasis type can significantly relieve their clinical symptoms, and which has higher medication safety.

To observe the effect of the empathy-based dyadic intervention for the couples of patients with the laparoscopic surgery of ectopic pregnancy. Methods: 82 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery of ectopic pregnancy from March 2022 to May 2024 were enrolled and were randomly divided into observation and control groups by the random number table. 41 patients in the two groups received the routine nursing care, while 41 patients in the observation group received the additional empathy-based dyadic intervention for the couples. The self-disclosure level evaluated by distress disclosure index (DDI) score, the marital intimacy evaluated by marital adjustment test (MAT) score, the negative emotions evaluated by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score and self-rating depression scale (SDS) score, the dyadic coping evaluated by dyadic coping inventory (DCI) score, the postoperative recovery and the quality of life evaluated by short form-36 health survey (SF-36) score of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, the scores of DDI (48.65±5.21 points), MAT (106.78±8.55 points), DCI of the patients and their spouses (112.36±8.52 points and 128.74±8.15 points) and SF-36 of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those (40.45±4.53 points, 81.65±6.74 points, and 96.51±7.84 points and 117.28±7.42 points) of the patients in the control group. The scores of SDS (45.51±4.28 points) and SAS (41.64±4.36 points) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (50.45±4.16 points and 48.71±4.29 points) of the patients in the control group. The time of firstly getting out of bed, the first defecation, the first exhaust and the postoperative hospital stay of the patients in the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of the empathy-based dyadic intervention for the patients with the laparoscopic surgery of ectopic pregnancy can improve their self-disclosure level, enhance their marital intimacy, reduce their negative emotions, increase their dyadic coping level, promote their postoperative recovery and improve their quality of life.

To explore the influence of the etomidate combined with the midazolam for anesthesia induction during laparoscopic surgery of the ectopic pregnancy of patients on their anesthesia effect, hemodynamics and stress response. Methods: According to the simple randomized grouping method, 110 patients who wanted laparoscopic surgery of the ectopic pregnancy in the hospital were divided into observation group and control group (55 cases in each group) from October 2021 to October 2023. The patients in the control group received the propofol combined with the midazolam for anesthesia induction, while the patients in the observation group adopted the etomidate combined with the midazolam for anesthesia induction. The anesthesia effect, the adverse reactions, and values of the hemodynamics indicators, such as the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), the levels of the stress response indicators, such as the cortisol (Cor) and norepinephrine (NE), and the cerebral oxygen supply-demand balance indicators, such as the cerebral oxygen saturation (ScO2) and bispectraldex (BIS) before anesthesia (T0), during induction (T1), at 10 min after maintenance (T2) and at the end of surgery (T3) of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The onset time of the anesthesia (1.01±0.26 min), the recovery time (7.07±1.56 min), the recovery time of spontaneous breathing (5.34±1.01 min) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (1.29±0.29 min, 9.89±2.34 min and 7.25±1.19 min) of the patients in the control group. There was no significant difference in the total incidence of the adverse reactions (7.2% vs. 10.8%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the values of MAP, HR, Cor, NE, ScO2 and BIS of the patients at T0 between the two groups (P>0.05). At T1, T2 and T3, the values of MAP and HR, and the levels of Cor and NE of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group, and the ScO2 value of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the BIS value of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The etomidate combined with the midazolam for anesthesia induction during the laparoscopic surgery of the ectopic pregnancy of the patients can enhance their anesthesia effect, and which also has the positive impact on the hemodynamics and cerebral oxygen supply-demand balance of the patients, and can relieve the surgical stress response and reduce the incidence of the adverse reactions of the patients.

To analyze the effect and the safety of Carbomer birth canal gel for improving the delivery outcomes of primiparas with vaginal delivery. Methods: A total of 140 primiparas who wanted vaginal delivery in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups (70 cases in each group) by the random number table method from August 2020 to January 2025. The primiparas in the experimental group were given Carbomer vaginal gel during vaginal delivery, while the primiparas in the control group were not given Carbomer vaginal gel during vaginal delivery. The duration of labor, the delivery outcomes, the neonatal outcomes, the neonatal Apgar scores and the maternal and infant safety of the primiparas were compared between the two groups. Results: The duration of the second stage of labor of the primiparas in the experimental group was ［(65.78（58.26,73.30）min］, and which was significantly shorter than that ［99.55 (89.87,109.23) min］ of the primiparas in the control group. The rates of the episiotomy (30.0%) and the conversion from vaginal delivery to cesarean section (1.4%) of the primiparas in the experimental group were significantly lower than those (47.1% and 11.4%) of the primiparas in the control group. The neonatal Apgar score (9.94±0.14 points) at 1min after birth in the experimental group was significantly higher than that (9.73±0.16 points) in the control group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in neonatal Apgar score at 5min after birth and the total incidence of the maternal and neonatal complications (0 vs. 2.9%), such as the fever during delivery, the postpartum hemorrhage and the placenta/fetal membrane residue of the primiparas between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The carbomer birth canal gel used for the primiparas during delivery can effectively shorten their duration of the second stage of labor, reduce the rate of their lateral episiotomy and their conversion from vaginal delivery to cesarean section, and can simultaneously improve their neonatal Apgar score at 1 minute after birth, and with good safety.

To explore the risk factors of the continuous vaginal bleeding of women after medical abortion. Methods: The clinical data of 102 women with early pregnancy (gestational age ≤ 49 days) who visited the obstetrics and gynecology department of the hospital for medical abortion from February 2022 to December 2024 were collected in this study retrospectively. These women were divided into group A (37 cases with the persistent bleeding ≥14 days) and group B (65 cases with the persistent bleeding <14 days) based on the duration of their vaginal bleeding after medical abortion. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to screen the risk factors of the persistent bleeding of the women after abortion, and the preventive measures were proposed based on these risk factors. Results: The age, the pre-pregnancy body mass index and the duration of embryo expulsion of the women in group A were all significantly higher than those of the women in group B. The decline rate of the serum human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) level of the women in group A was significantly lower than that of the women in group B, while the endometrial thickness and the rate of uterine cavity residue of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B. The number of pregnancies ≥2 times, the proportions of the history of induced abortion and the retroposition of uterus of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age ≥35 years old, the increased endometrial thickness, the prolonged time of embryo expulsion, the slowed rate of β-hCG decline and the retroposition of uterus of the women with early pregnancy were all the independent of their continuous bleeding after abortion (P<0.05). Conclusion: The high-risk factors, such as the age ≥35 years old, the increased endometrial thickness, the prolonged time of embryo expulsion, the slowed rate of β-hCG decline and the retroposition of uterus, of the women with early pregnancy should be paid attention to in clinic. For the women with these high-risk factors, the pre-pregnancy assessment of the women with early pregnancy should be strengthen and their abortion plans should be optimized to reduce their complications risk and to ensure their abortion effectiveness. 

To investigate cognitive status of the preventing birth defect of 2,000 pregnant women, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 2,000 pregnant women who established health records during the first trimester pregnancy from 18 community health service centers of Songjiang district of Shanghai were enrolled as the research objects between January and June 2024. These women were investigated by self-made standardized questionnaire, including the basic data, the cognition of the birth defect knowledge, the service attitude and behavioral compliance related to the preventing birth defect. According to the cognition of preventing birth defect, these women were divided into group A (women with high cognition) and group B (women with low cognition). The influencing factors of the cognitive level on the preventing birth defect of the women were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 2000 questionnaires were distributed, and 1984 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with an effective recovery rate of 99.2%. Among 1984 pregnant women, the awareness rate of the core knowledge on the preventing birth defects was 67.2%, the awareness rate of the prenatal screening was 70.8% and the awareness rate of the prenatal diagnosis was 55.5%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of the primary school education or below (OR=3.080), the 35 years old or above (OR=4.637), and without stable occupation (OR=3.180) of the pregnant women were the independent risk factors of their low awareness level of the preventing birth defects during the first trimester pregnancy (P<0.05), while the health knowledge obtained by the new media (OR=0.412) and participated the pre-pregnancy check-ups (OR=0.401) of the pregnant women were the protective factors of their awareness of the preventing birth defects (P<0.05). Conclusion:  The cognitive level of the preventing birth defects in the pregnant women from Songjiang district of Shanghai needs to be improved. The precise intervention measures should be taken for the target populations and the new media platforms should be fully utilized to improve the cognitive level and compliance with the healthy behaviors of the pregnant women.

To compare the detection rate of the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) across the different risk stratifications among women with the positive human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) indicated by the cervical cytology according to the risk-based colposcopic examination recommendations of the American society for colposcopy and cervical pathology (ASCCP), and to evaluate the independent risk factors of HSIL detection of the women. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 1019 women with ASC-US or LSIL who underwent colposcopy and cervical biopsy in the hospital from June 2021 to June 2022. All these women had  independent influencing factors of these women were evaluated. Results: The overall detection rate of HSIL of the women was 21.9%. The HSIL detection rates of the women by thpositive HPV test results and the ASC-US or LSIL reported by cervical cytology. With the pathological results as the gold standard for diagnosis, the detection rate of HSIL by the risk-based colposcopic examination of ASCCP and thee low-, moderate- and high-risk colposcopic results were 13.2%, 28.7% and 65.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that the age ≥40 years old, the cytology of LSIL, the HPV 16/18 positivity, and the medium or high risk colposcopic result of the women were the independent influencing factors of their HSIL detection (P<0.05). The HSIL detection rate of the women with age ≥40 years old had increased significantly. The OR and 95%CI of the HSIL detection rates of the women aged 40-49 years old, of the women aged 50-59 years old and of the women aged ≥60 years old were 1.888 and 1.087-3.281, 2.400 and 1.299-4.433, and 4.006 and 1.626-9.869, respectively. The HSIL detection rate of the women with cytology of LSIL was significantly higher than that of the women with cytology of ASCUS (OR=1.681, 95%CI 1.212-2.332). The HSIL detection rate of the women with HPV16/18 infection was 1.887 times of that of the women with the other HPV HR infections (OR=1.887, 95%CI 1.118-3.183). The medium-and high-risk colposcopic results of the women had significantly higher than that of the women with other colposcopic results (OR=4.223, 95%CI 2.628-6.786 and OR=22.697, 95%CI 10.827-47.581). Conclusion: In the women with positive HPV infection and mild cytological abnormalities, the age ≥ 40 years old, the cytology of LSIL, the HPV 16/18 infection and the moderate-to-high colposcopic risk of the women are the independent risk factors affecting their HSIL detection. During colposcopic examination, special attention should be paid to observing the epithelial lesions, and the multi-point biopsy is also recommended. Additionally, the targeted biopsy remains necessary even for the women with low colposcopic risk.

To investigate the correlation between the expressions of triglyceride glucose index (TyG), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: 204 pregnant women with GDM treated in the hospital from June 2023 to December 2024 was selected retrospectively. These women were divided into group A (128 women with adverse pregnancy outcomes) and group B (76 women with normal pregnancy outcomes) based on whether the adverse pregnancy outcomes occurred or not. The clinical data, the TyG index, the NLR and the HbA1c level of the women were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlations between the TyG index, the NLR and the HbA1c level of the women with GDM and their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of the TyG index, the NLR and the HbA1c level of the women with GDM on their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate the predictive value of the TyG index, the NLR and the HbA1c level of the women for their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results: The pre-pregnancy body mass index, the proportion of diabetes family history, the blood TyG index and NLR values and the HbA1c level of the women in group A were all significantly higher than those of the women in group B. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the TyG index and NLR values and the HbA1c level of the women with GDM were positively correlated with their adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the pre-pregnancy body mass index, the TyG index and NLR values and the HbA1c level, and the diabetes family history of the women with GDM were all the factors influencing their adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve (AUC) of the TyG index value, the NLR value and the HbA1c level of the women with GDM for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.741, 0.703 and 0.715, respectively. The AUC, the sensitivity and the specificity of the combined TyG index and NLR values and HbA1c level of the women with GDM for diagnosing their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.877, 84.2%, and 78.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The TyG index, the NLR and the HbA1c level of the pregnant women with GDM are positively correlated with their adverse pregnancy outcomes. The combined TyG index and NLR values and HbA1c level of the women with GDM for their adverse pregnancy outcomes has better predictive efficacy. 

To  investigate the effects of the recombinant human interferon α-2b vaginal effervescent tablets combined with Baofukang suppository for treating patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) complication with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection on their postoperative vaginal microecological balance and pathological regression. Methods: A total of 216 patients with HSIL complication with HR-HPV infection who wanted the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in the hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups from January 2023 to December 2024. 108 patients in the control group were treated with the recombinant human interferon α-2b vaginal effervescent tablets after LEEP, while 108 patients in the observation group were treated with recombinant human interferon α-2b vaginal effervescent tablets combined with Baofukang suppository after LEEP. The negative conversion rate of HR-HPV and the vaginal microecological imbalance rate of the patients in 6, 12 and 15 months after LEEP were compared between the two groups. The residual lesions /HSIL recurrence situation and the pathological conversion of the patients in the two groups were followed up and counted. Results: The negative conversion rate of HR-HPV of the patients in the observation group in 6, 12 and 15 months after LEEP (62.3%, 87.7% and 89.6%) were significantly higher than those (43.1%, 71.6% and 75.5%) of the patients in the control group. The 
abnormal rate of the vaginal cleanliness (17.0%) and the microecological imbalance rate (27.4%) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (30.4% and 44.1%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the residual lesion rate (3.77% vs. 5.88%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). In 15 months after operation, the HSIL recurrence rate (6.6%) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that (17.7%) of the patients in the control group, and the pathological regression rate (63.6%) of the patients with residual lesions / HSIL recurrence in the observation group was significantly higher than that (29.2%) in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The interferon α-2b vaginal effervescent tablets combined with Baofukang suppository for treating the patients with HSIL complication with HR-HPV infection can improve their postoperative vaginal microecological balance, reduce their HSIL recurrence rate and facilitate the pathological regression of their residual or recurrent lesions.

To explore the application effect of propofol disodium used in anesthesia of patients with gynecologic painless hysteroscopy. Methods: 92 patients who wanted painless hysteroscopy in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups (46 patients in each group) by the envelope method from January 2024 to April 2025. The patients in the observation group were given propofol disodium during anesthesia, while the patients in the control group were given propofol during anesthesia. The values of the surgical related indicators, the hemodynamic parameters values, the stress response indicators values, the Athens insomnia scale (AIS) score and the adverse reactions rate of the patients in the two groups were observed. Results: The anesthesia induction time and the recovery time of the patients in the observation group were 2.93 (1.92, 4.60) min and 8.32 (5.30, 9.20) min, and which were significantly longer than those of the patients in the control group. The proportion of Ramsay score of 2-4 points (84.8%) of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). The mean arterial pressure (MAP), the heart rate (HR) and the blood oxygen saturation (SPO2) of the patients in the observation group before anesthesia, at 3min after anesthesia, at dilation of uterus and at the end of operation of the patients in the observation group had no significantly different from those of the patients in the control group (P>0.05). The levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (44.45±7.10ng/L) and cortisol (265.56±42.23nmol/L) at 2 hours after operation, the AIS score (13.34±1.82 points) and the incidences of bradycardia (2.2%) and injection pain (0) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Propofol disodium used in anesthesia of the patients with gynecologic painless hysteroscopy has good application effect, with the advantages, such as good sedative effect, mild stress response, postoperative sleep quality improvement and fewer adverse reactions.

To analyze to association between the endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1) gene polymorphisms of people in Tibeta and their susceptibility to congenital heart defects (CHD). Methods: A total of 387 Tibetan people with CHD (in study group) and 690 Tibetan people without CHD (in control group) were selected in this study from Qinghai provincial cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases specialist hospital. The peripheral venous blood samples of these people in the two groups were collected and their genomic DNA was extracted. Four EPAS1 polymorphisms of these peoples in the two groups were genotyped by Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry method. The correlation between the polymorphic sites of the people and the susceptibility to their CHD was analyzed. Results: The allele distributions of 4 polymorphic sites were all significantly different between the two groups. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed that rs17039192 locus located in the same LD block with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL). The T allele of rs17039192 might be associated with the low expression of EPAS1 and with the increase of the risk of CHD of the people in Tibetans (odds ratio=2.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.53-3.33, P<0.001). Conclusion: EPAS1 polymorphic sites of the people in Tibetans are significantly associated with the susceptibility to their CHD, and rs17039192 locus may affect the CHD susceptibility of the people by regulating their EPAS1 expression.

To investigate the maternal-fetal attachment situation of pregnant women during the third trimester pregnancy, to analyze its influencing factors, and to explore their correlation with the perinatal depression of these women. Methods: 249 pregnant women during the third trimester pregnancy who admitted in the hospital were selected as study subjects by the convenience sampling method from January to December 2024. The questionnaire survey was conducted by the self-designed general information questionnaire, the maternal-fetal attachment measurement scale (MAAS) and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS). Results: The MAAS score of 249 pregnant women was 74.25±7.03 points, with an average item score of 3.91±0.59 points. The prenatal EPDS score of the women was 7.24±1.81 points, and the incidence of the prenatal depression (EPDS score ≥9.5 points) of the women was 14.9%. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the MAAS score of the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy and their EPDS score (P<0.05). The further multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the MAAS score of the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy was independently associated with their factors, such as the age, the economic status, the marital satisfaction, the prenatal depression, the adverse pregnancy, the childbirth history and the unwanted pregnancy, and so on (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The level of the maternal-fetal attachment of the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy is influenced by various factors, such as the individual and the psychological factors, of the women. The targeted intervention measures should be taken to alleviate the depression symptoms of the pregnant women in clinic, thereby strengthening the mother-child relationship and benefiting the maternal and child health.

To analyze the risk factors of postpartum urinary retention (PUR) of primiparas with vaginal delivery. Methods: 200 primiparas with vaginal delivery admitted to the hospital were selected and were divided into group A (76 primiparas with PUR) and group B (124 primiparas without PUR) based on whether the PUR occurred or not after delivery from February 2023 to February 2024. The clinical baseline data of the primiparas were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors leading to their postpartum PUR. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the efficacy of these independent risk factors of the primiparas for predicting their PUR occurrence. Results: There were significant differences in the age, the duration of labor, the labor analgesia used, the pain numeric rating scale (NRS) score, the episiotomy and the neonatal birth weight of the primiparas between the two groups (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the age ≥35 years old, the long duration of labor, the labor analgesia, the NRS score ≥4 points, the episiotomy and the large neonatal birth weight of the primiparas with vaginal delivery were the independent risk factors of their postpartum PUR occurrence (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of the age, the duration of the first stage of labor, the duration of the second stage of labor, the total duration of labor, the labor analgesia, the NRS score, the episiotomy and the neonatal birth weight of the primiparas with vaginal delivery for predicting their postpartum PUR were 0.640, 0.664, 0.830, 0.581, 0.590, 0.650, 0.607 and 0.708, respectively. Conclusion: There are many risk factors for the PUR of the primiparas with vaginal delivery, including the age, the duration of labor, the analgesia, the operation duration and the neonatal body weight, and which suggest that the targeted intervention measures should be taken based on these risk factors to prevent and reduce the occurrence of PUR of the primiparas in clinic.

To compare the effects of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for treating of the spouses of the patients with the non-severe and the borderline oligoasthenospermia on their embryonic development quality and clinical outcomes. Methods: From January 2020 to December 2023, 574 patients with the non-severe and the borderline oligoasthenospermia were included in this study. The spouses of these patients had undergone IVF/ICIS treatment in the hospital. These patients were divided into group A (the spouses of the patients with the treatment of IVF) and group B (the spouses of the patients with the treatment of ICSI) according to the fertilization method. The embryo indicators and the clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: The normal fertilization rate (80.9%) in group A was significantly lower than that (88.6%) in group B (χ2=48.17, P<0.05). The ratio of the normal fertilized eggs to MII eggs (91.0%) of the patients with the non-severe oligoasthenospermia was superior to that (88.6%) of the patients with the borderline oligoasthenospermia (χ2=7.20, P<0.05). The rates of the transferable embryos (79.6% vs. 74.2%, χ2=16.25), the high-quality embryos (60.8% vs. 56.3%, χ2=7.97) and the blastocyst formation (73.8% vs. 64.8%, χ2=12.13) in group A were all significantly higher than those in group B (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The prioritizing IVF for the wives of the patients with the non-severe and the borderline oligoasthenozoospermia can enhance their embryo quality reserves, thereby optimizing the strategies for the frozen embryo transfer. Further large-scale studies are required to validate the long-term impact on the cumulative live birth rates. 

To explore the multi-dimensional collaborative nursing model for preventing postpartum hemorrhage of women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Methods: A total of 102 pregnant women with HDP who admitted to the hospital were included and were divided into two groups (51 cases in each group) by the random number table method from January 2023 to December 2024. The women in the two groups were given the routine clinical intervention until delivery and discharge, and the women in the study group were given the multi-dimensional collaborative intervention mode additionally. The postpartum hemorrhage situation, the delivery mode, the scores changes of the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) before and after intervention, the postpartum coagulation function indicators, such as the DD-Ddimer (D-D) level, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), the fibrinogen (FIB) level and other indicators, and the intervention satisfaction rate of the women were compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of the hemorrhage (5.9%) of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that (21.6%) of the women in the control group, and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage of the women in the study group was significantly less than that of the women in the control group. The vaginal delivery rate (92.2%) of the women in the study group was significantly higher than that (74.5%) of the women in the control group. After the intervention, the scores of SAS (41.25±2.56 points) and SDS (40.65±2.74 points) of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those (47.62±3.94 points and 48.52±4.42 points) of the women in the control group. The coagulation function indicators (D-D, APTT and FIB) of the women in the study group were significantly better than those of the women in the control group. The satisfaction rate of intervention (98.0%) of the women in the study group was significantly higher than that (84.3%) of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The multi-dimensional collaborative intervention model for the women with HDP can effectively prevent their postpartum hemorrhage, improve their postpartum hemorrhage volume and psychological state, promote their vaginal delivery and improve their coagulation function and intervention satisfaction.  

To discuss the effects of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway adjusted by trigonellin of cervical cancer (CC) with positive human papillomavirus (HPV) on their proliferation, migration and invasion. Methods: HPV16 positive SiHa cells were randomly separated into NC group (cells with normal culture), L-TRG group(cells with culture by 50 μmol/L TRG), H-TRG group (cells with culture by 150 μmol/L TRG), and TRG+NSC228155 group (cells with culture by 150 μmol/L TRG and 100 μmol/L EGFR activator NSC228155). CCK-8 and EdU staining were used to detect the proliferation of SiHa cells. The scratch test was used to detect the migration of SiHa cells. Transwell experiment was used to measure the invasion of SiHa cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure apoptosis of SiHa cells. In addition, Western blot (WB) was used to measure the expressions of the PCNA, p-EGFR/EGFR, p-MAPK/MAPK and MMP-2 in SiHa cells. Results: The OD450 value, the EdU positive cell rate, the scratch healing rate, the invasion number, and the values of PCNA, p-EGFR/EGFR, p-MAPK/MAPK and MMP-2 of the CC cells in L-TRG group and in H-TRG group were significantly lower than that of the CC cells in the NC group, and the apoptosis rate of the CC cells in L-TRG and in H-TRG groups was significantly higher (P<0.05). The OD450 value, the  EdU positive cell rate, the scratch healing rate, the invasion number, and the values of PCNA, p-EGFR/EGFR, p-MAPK/MAPK and MMP-2 of the CC cells in the TRG+NSC228155 group were significantly higher than that of the CC cells in H-TRG group, and the apoptosis rate of the CC cells in the TRG+NSC228155 group was significantly lower (all P<0.05). Conclusion: TRG may inhibit the proliferation, the migration and the invasion of the CC cells with positive HPV by suppressing their EGFR/MAPK pathway. 

To study the curative effect of the solid beverage of Rhodococcuspluviumoopeptide for treating patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), and to explore the influence on the ovarian function of the patients. Methods: 60 patients with DOR who diagnosed and treated in the hospital were selected and were divided into control group (n=30) and study group (n=30) by the random number table method from April 20, 2022 to February 29, 2024. The patients in the control group were treated by enzyme Q10 capsule, and the patients in the study group were treated by the oral solid drink of Rhodococcuspluvialisoopeptide. The curative effect, the clinical symptoms and the ovarian function of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate (66.7%) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (36.7%) of the patients in the control group. The serum anti-mullerian hormone level, the menstrual volume and the menstrual improvement degree of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group. The scores of the TCM syndrome, such as the insomnia and dreams, the irritability, the hot flashes, the night sweat and the fatigue, and the total score of the TCM syndrome of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group. The level of follicle stimulating hormone, the rate of the waist and knee soreness, the hot flash and night sweat scores and their total score of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group. The menstrual improvement degree of the patients in the study group was significantly better than that of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The therapy of the patients with DOR by the solid drink of Rhodococcusvulcanisoopeptide has the significant therapeutic effect, and it had a notable effect in improving the clinical symptoms and the ovarian function of the patients.

To explore the predictive value of the values of ultrasound blood flow parameters combined with the peripheral blood DD-Ddimer (DD-DD) level and the platelet count (PLT) of women with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) for their massive hemorrhage during dilation and curettage. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of the women with CSP who experienced dilation and curettage in the hospital from October 2022 to September 2024. 41 women with massive hemorrhage during curettage were included in study group, and the propensity matching scoring method was used to selected another 41 women without massive hemorrhage in the control group during the same period. The women in the two groups had undergone color Doppler ultrasound examination to obtain their ultrasound blood flow parameters, and the fasting venous blood samples of the women were collected after the curettage to test their DD-DD and PLT levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of the massive hemorrhage of the women during uterine curettage. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the ultrasound blood flow parameters values, the DD-DD level and the PLT value of the women with CSP for their massive hemorrhage during uterine curettage. Results: The amenorrhea duration of the women in the study group was significantly longer than that of the women in the control group, and the gestational sac volume of the women in the study group was significantly larger than that of the women in the control group. The values of the vascular index (VI) and vascular blood flow index (VFI), and the DD-DD level of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group. The thickness of the anterior uterine wall muscle layer and the PLT value of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the longer duration of amenorrhea, the larger gestational sac volume, the thinner anterior uterine wall muscle layer thickness, the higher Vi and VFI values, the higher DD-DD level and the lower PLT value of the women with CSP were all the independent influencing factors of their intraoperative massive hemorrhage. The ultrasound blood flow parameters values, the DD-DD level and the PLT value of the women with CSP had certain predictive values for their intraoperative massive hemorrhage, with the areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.853, 0.728, and 0.725, respectively. However, the combined predictive efficacy of the ultrasound blood flow parameters values, the DD-DD level and the PLT value of the women with CSP for their intraoperative massive hemorrhage was the highest, with the AUC of 0.902, the sensitivity of 82.9% and the specificity of 80.5%. Conclusion: The combined predictive efficacy of the ultrasound blood flow parameters values, the DD-DD level and the PLT value of the women with CSP for their massive hemorrhage during curettage has certain predictive value. The long amenorrhea duration, the large gestational sac volume, the higher VI and VFI values and the DD-DD level, and the lower PLT value of the women with CSP are all the influence factors affecting the occurrence of their massive hemorrhage during curettage.

To explore the correlation between the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ［25-(OH)D］ level and iron nutritional status of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 98 pregnant women with GDM who visited in the hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected in this study. These women were divided into group A (68 women with normal pregnancy outcomes) and group B (30 women with adverse pregnancy outcomes) based on their pregnancy outcomes. The clinical data of the pregnant women in the two groups was collected. The levels of serum 25(OH)D and the related indicators of iron nutrition status, such as the levels of theserum ferritin (SF), hemoglobin (Hb) and transferrin (TRF), of the women were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing the pregnancy outcomes of the pregnant women with GDM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive values of the levels of 25(OH)D, SF, Hb and TRF of the pregnant women with GDM for their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results: The proportions of the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2, the family history of diabetes and the 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml of the women in group B were all significantly higher than those of the women in group A. The levels of the serum SF, Hb and TRF of the women in group B were all significantly lower than those of the women in group A (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the high pre-pregnancy BMI, the family history of diabetes and the decreased levels of 25(OH)D, SF, Hb, and TRF of the pregnant women with GDM were the risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the levels of 25(OH)D, SF, Hb and TRF of the pregnant women with GDM had certain predictive values for their adverse pregnancy outcomes. The combined levels of 25(OH)D, SF, Hb and TRF of the women with GDM for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes had the highest efficacy, with the area under the curve of 0.897 (95%CI 0.825-0.969). Conclusion: The serum vitamin D level and the iron nutritional status of the pregnant women with GDM are closely related to their pregnancy outcomes. The low levels of 25(OH)D, SF, Hb and TRF of the pregnant women with GDM significantly increase their adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the combined levels of 25(OH)D, SF, Hb and TRF of the women with GDM for their adverse pregnancy outcomes has better predictive value. 

To construct the family group management plan for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) of women based on the principle of health origin, and to provide the scientific evidences for improving the success rate of VBAC and for enhancing the maternal and infant outcomes. Methods: Based on the health origin theory as the theoretical framework, a preliminary draft of the family group management plan was constructed by the literature review and the semi-structured interviews. The Delphi method was used to ultimately determine the content of the plan through two rounds of inquiry questionnaires with 15 cross disciplinary experts. Results: The effective response rate of the two rounds of inquiry questionnaires was 100%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.89, the importance of each level of the indicators was assigned 4.23-5.00 points, and the coefficient of variation of which was 0.06-0.15. The final management plan consisted 3 primary indicators, 8 secondary indicators and 32 tertiary indicators, covering three major modules, including the family group intervention system, the health resource integration and the dynamic efficiency improvement. Conclusion: The family group management plan established in this study has high scientificity and practicality, and which can provide the standardized guidance for the systematic management of VBAC of the women in clinical practice.

To evaluate the influence of the Qiziyishenlichong decoction (QZYSLCD) combined with the estradiol valerate tablets for treating patients with kidney-Qi deficiency type primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) on their hormone levels. Methods: From October 2022 to May 2025, 150 patients diagnosed with kidney-Qi deficiency type POI were enrolled and were randomly divided into two groups. 75 patients in the control group received the treatment of the estradiol valerate tablets alone, and 75 patients in the study group received the treatment of the QZYSLCD combined with the estradiol valerate tablets. The levels of the peptide/protein hormones, amino-acid derivative hormones and steroid hormones, the therapeutic efficacy and the adverse reactions rate of the patients before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the levels of the serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone of the patients in the two groups had decreased significantly, while the levels of anti-Mullerian hormone, estradiol, testosterone and progesterone of the patients in the two groups had increased significantly, and the changes of which of the patients in the study group were significantly better than those of the patients in the control group. The total effective rate (92.0%) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (74.7%) of the patients in the control group. The total effective rate of TCM symptoms (93.3%) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (78.7%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the adverse reactions rate (16.0% vs. 14.7%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: QZYSLCD combined with the estradiol valerate tablets for treating the patients with kidney-Qi deficiency type POI can more effectively modulate their sex hormone levels, improve their overall efficacy by the traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment, and without increase of the adverse reactions.

To explore the development trajectory and the influencing factors of the perinatal depressive symptoms of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A total of 360 pregnant women with GDM admitted to the hospital from July 2023 to October 2024 were selected in this study. The Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) was used to assess the depressive symptoms of the women at GDM diagnosis (T1), during 32 gestational weeks (T2), during 36 gestational weeks (T3) and within 42 days after delivery (T4). The general data questionnaire, the family resilience questionnaire (FRQ), the perceived social support scale (PSSS) and the self-regulated fatigue scale (SRFS) were used to collect the general data, the family resilience and the scores of the perceived social support and self-regulated fatigue scores of the women at T1. Latent class growth model (LCGM) was used to identify the potential categories of the development trajectory of perinatal depressive symptoms of the women with GDM. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the potential categories of the development trajectory of depressive symptoms of the women. Results: Among 360 women with GDM, there were 9 cases with lost to follow-up and 4 cases with invalid questionnaire, and so 347 valid questionnaires were finally obtained. The EPDS score (11.36±3.06 points) of 347 women with GDM at T1 was the highest, and which of the women showed a gradual downward trend during T1-T4. Three trajectory categories of the depressive symptoms of the women were identified, including 24.2% women with the persistent high level, 32.6% women with the remission and 43.2% women with the persistent low level. There were significant differences in the age, the family monthly income, the education level, the history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth, and the scores of FRQ, SRFS and PSSS among the women in the three categories (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the monthly family income, the education level, the FRQ and PSSS scores, the age, the adverse pregnancy history and the score SRFS of the women with GDM were the influencing factors of their development trajectory of perinatal depression (P<0.05). Conclusion: The development trajectory of the perinatal depressive symptoms of the pregnant women with GDM has significant heterogeneity, which can be divided into three categories, including the sustained low level, the remission level and the sustained high level. The changes of the development trajectory of the perinatal depressive symptoms of the pregnant women with GDM are affected by the age, the family monthly income, the education level, the social support, the family resilience, the adverse pregnancy history and the self-regulation fatigue of the women.

To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of the fear of childbirth (FOC) in primiparas with natural childbirth. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used to investigate the totally 1018 primiparas with natural childbirth admitted to the hospital from January 2024 to March 2025. The FOC status of these primiparas were investigated. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of FOC of the primiparas with natural childbirth. Results: Among 1018 primiparas with natural childbirth, the total score of the childbirth attitudes questionnaire (CAQ) was 45.06±5.62 points, with 764 (75.1%) cases experiencing FOC. The age ≥35 years old (OR=1.932), the unplanned pregnancy (OR=3.951), the assisted reproductive pregnancy (OR=3.975), the pregnancy complications (OR=1.466), the moderate or low levels of psychological resilience (OR=4.003, 2.004), the moderate or low levels of social support (OR=3.987, 3.124) and the family dysfunction (OR=2.108) of the primiparas with natural childbirth were the increased risk factors of their FOC. Conclusion: The incidence of FOC of the primiparas women with natural childbirth is high, and its influencing factors include the age ≥35 years old, the unplanned pregnancy, the assisted reproductive pregnancy, the pregnancy complications, the moderate or low levels of psychological resilience and social support and the family dysfunction.

To explore the expressions and the clinical significance of the serum Vitamin D, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) of women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). Methods: The clinical 46 women with URSA (in study group) and 40 healthy early-pregnant women (in control group) admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were collected in this study retrospectively. The women in the study group were divided into group A (29 women with successful pregnancy) and group B (17 women with recurrent miscarriage again) based on the different pregnancy outcomes during follow-up. The levels of serum vitamin D, TNF-α and IL-6 of the women were compared among these groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of the recurrent miscarriage again of the women with URSA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the levels of serum vitamin D, TNF-α and IL-6 of the women with URSA for their recurrent miscarriage again. Results: The vitamin D level (27.62±6.74 ng/ml) of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that (32.15±7.26 ng/ml) of the women in the control group, while the levels of TNF-α (23.37±5.55 pg/ml) and IL-6 (23.90±5.20 pg/ml) of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those (17.21±4.69 pg/ml and 19.36±4.17 pg/ml) of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). The rate of the recurrent miscarriage again of the women in the study group was 37.0%. The body mass index (BMI), the proportions of the miscarriages >3 times, the smoking history, the drinking history, and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 of the women in group B were all significantly higher than those of the women in group A, while the vitamin D level of the women in group B was significantly lower than that of the women in group A (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher BMI, the more times of miscarriages, the smoking history, the drinking history and the high levels of TNF-α and IL-6 of the women with URSA were all the risk factors of their recurrent miscarriage again, while the high vitamin D level of the women with URSA was a protective factor of their recurrent miscarriage again (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the levels of vitamin D, TNF-α and IL-6 of the women with URSA had predictive values for their recurrent miscarriage again. The combined levels of vitamin D, TNF-α and IL-6 of the women with URSA had the highest predictive efficacy of their recurrent miscarriage again, and with the area under the curve of 0.903 (95%CI 0.808-0.997). Conclusion: The serum vitamin D level of the women with URSA is low, while the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 of the women with URSA are high. The combined detections of the levels of vitamin D, TNF-α and IL-6 of the women with URSA has the higher predictive value for their occurrence of recurrent miscarriage again.

To investigate the therapeutic effect of Yishen huatan decoction combined with insulin for treating pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) of the spleen and kidney deficiency and phlegm turbidity syndrome type, and to observe the islet function of the women. Methods: Totally 108 pregnant women with GDM treated in the hospital were selected and were randomly divided into two groups (54 cases in each group) by the random number table from June 2023 to June 2024. The women in the two groups were given the treatment of insulin detemir, while the women in the study group were given Yishen huatan decoction additionally. The efficacy, the pregnancy outcomes, the levels of the serum indicators, such as the screted curly related protein 5 (SFRP5), the complement 1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein 3 (CTRP3), the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and the blood glucose, and pancreatic islet function of the women were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate (96.3%) of the women in the study group was significantly higher than that (83.3%) of the women in the control group. The total incidence of the adverse pregnancy outcomes (5.6%) of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that (22.2%) of the women in the control group. The levels of SFRP5, CTRP3 and IGF-1 and the insulin secretion index value of the women in the study group were all significantly higher than those of the women in the control group. The levels of the fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin, and the insulin resistance index value of the women in the study group were all significantly lower than those of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Yishen huatan decoction combined with insulin has good clinical efficacy in treating the pregnant women with GDM, and which can effectively control the blood glucose level of the women. By upregulating the expressions of SFRP5, CTRP3 and IGF-1 of the women, Yishen huatan decoction combined with insulin can increase the insulin secretion, improve the insulin resistance, inhibit the disease progression and reduce the occurrence of the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women.

To explore the predictive value of the prenatal body mass index (BMI) and the weight gain of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) for their neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1,000 women with GDM and their neonates who had received the prenatal examinations and delivered in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2024. According to whether the neonates developed hypoglycemia or not, these women were divided into group A (732 women with neonatal hypoglycemia) and group B (n=268 women without neonatal hypoglycemia). The prenatal BMI, the weight gain during pregnancy, the educational level, the mode of delivery and the other indicators of the women were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between the prenatal BMI, the weight gain during pregnancy, the educational level and the mode of delivery of the women with GDM and their neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of the prenatal BMI, the weight gain during pregnancy, the educational level and the mode of delivery of the women with GDM for their neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence. Results: There were significant differences in the terms of the prenatal BMI, the weight gain during pregnancy and the blood glucose control before delivery of the women between the two groups (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the excessive weight gain during pregnancy and the high prenatal BMI of the women with GDM were the risk factors of their neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence (P<0.05). ROC curve was drawn to show that the area under the curve (AUC) of the prenatal BMI, the weight gain during pregnancy, and the combined prenatal BMI and the weight gain during pregnancy of the women with GDM for predicting their neonatal hypoglycemia were 0.717, 0.606 and 0.822, respectively. Conclusion: The high prenatal BMI and the excessive weight gain during pregnancy of the women with GDM are all the risk factors of their neonatal hypoglycemia. The combined prenatal BMI and the weight gain during pregnancy of the women with GDM for predicting their neonatal hypoglycemia has certain value. 

To explore the predictive efficiency of the levels of the serum progesterone, thyroid hormones and prolactin of pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy on the maternal and infant outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinic data of 106 pregnant women admitted to the hospital during the third trimester of pregnancy from January 2022 to January 2024. These women were divided into two groups according to the maternal and infant outcomes, including 44 women with adverse outcomes in group A and 62 women with normal outcomes in group B. The levels of the serum progesterone progestin (P), thyroid hormones, such as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3), and prolactin (PRL) of the women in the two groups were observed, and the predictive values of which for the maternal and infant outcomes were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The levels of the serum P, FT4, FT3 and PRL of the women in group A were significantly lower than those of the women in group B, while the serum TSH level of the women in group A was significantly higher (all P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the areas under the curve of the serum P, TSH, FT3, PRL and FT4 levels of the women for predicting their maternal and infant outcomes were 0.788, 0.838, 0.756, 0.832 and 0.731, respectively. Conclusion: The levels of the serum P, TSH, FT3, PRL and FT4 of the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy have certain predictive values for their adverse maternal and infant outcomes, and among which, the serum TSH and PRL levels of the women have higher predictive efficiency for their adverse maternal and infant outcomes. The decreased serum P, FT4, FT3 and PRL levels and the increased serum TSH level of the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy are alert to the adverse maternal and infant outcomes, so the countermeasures should be prepared for the women in advance.

To explore the effects of the laparoscopic total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy for treating patients with endometrial cancer (EC) on their perioperative indicators, recurrence of EC and serum adiponectin level. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 86 patients with EC admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to June 2022. These patients were divided into two groups based on the different surgical procedures, including control group (44 cases with the routine open surgery) and study group (42 cases with the laparoscopic total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy+pelvic lymph node dissection). The perioperative indicators, the postoperative complications rate, the serum adiponectin levels, the quality of life evaluated by the common module of the functional assessment of cancer therapy for patients (FACT-G) and the recurrence rate within 2 years after surgery of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The intraoperative blood loss, the time of the first postoperative defecation and the hospital stay of the patients in the study group were significantly less than those of the patients in the control group. The pain score (2.7±0.6 points) of the patients in the study group at 72 hours after surgery was significantly lower than that (3.5±0.9 points) of the patients in the control group. Three months after surgery, the serum adiponectin levels of the patients in both groups had increased significantly, and which (14.83±2.26 mg/L) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (13.81±2.09 mg/L) of the patients in the control group. The scores of all FACT-G items of the patients in both groups after surgery had increased significantly, and which of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the postoperative recurrence rate (9.5% vs. 15.9%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with those of the conventional open surgery, the laparoscopic total hysterectomy and the bilateral adnexectomy for the patients with EC have more advantages in reducing the bleeding volume, alleviating the postoperative pain, decreasing the incidence of complications, shortening the postoperative recovery time, and which are more conducive to upregulating the serum adiponectin level of the patients and enable the patients to achieve higher quality of life.

To explore the influence of the family collaborative intervention under the health belief model for women with cesarean section on their psychological state and breastfeeding behavior. Methods: A total of 102 pregnant women who wanted cesarean section were included and were divided into two groups (51 cases in each group) by random number table method from May 2023 to May 2025. The women in the two groups received the conventional clinical intervention and the women in the observation group received the family member collaborative intervention under the health belief model additionally. The postpartum recovery evaluated by the time of postoperative exhaust, the time of spontaneous urination and the time of getting out of bed, the incidence of the postoperative complications, the changes of the scores of the self-rating depression scale (SDS), the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale (BSES), the breastfeeding situation and the satisfaction rate of the intervention of the women were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the postpartum recovery indicators of the women in the observation group were all significantly better than those of the women in the control group (P<0.05). The postoperative complication rate of the women in both groups after the intervention had decreased significantly, and which (2.0% vs. 2.0%) of the women had no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The scores SDS and SAS of the women in the two groups after the intervention had decreased significantly, while the BSES score of the women in the two groups after the intervention had increased significantly, and the changes of which of the women in the observation group were significantly greater than those of the women in the control group. The success rate of the first breastfeeding (94.1%), the early breastfeeding success rate (88.2%) and the intervention satisfaction rate (98.0%) of the women in the observation group were significantly higher than those (78.4%, 68.6% and 84.3%) of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The collaborative intervention of family members under the health belief model for the women with cesarean section can improve their psychological state and breastfeeding behavior, increase their success rate of breastfeeding, promote their postpartum recovery and intervention satisfaction. 

To preliminary develop an antenatal depression assessment scale applicable to pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy, and to test its reliability and validity. Methods: A total of 294 pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy admitted to the hospital were selected as study subjects from August 2024 to December 2024. These women were divided into 4 groups based on the chronological order of the outpatient registration of the women. The initial scale was formed based on the life history interview of the women in group 1. The pre-survey and the exploratory factor analysis were conducted on the women in group 2, and the formal scale was developed based on the consultations of the experts through correspondence. The confirmatory factor analysis, and the reliability and validity test were conducted based on the women in group 3. And the test-retest reliability analysis was conducted based on the women in group 4. Results: The final prenatal depression assessment scale for the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy included 4 dimensions and 17 items. The factor models fitted well (χ2/df=3.776, RMSEA=0.060, IFI=0.900, TLI=0.878, CFI=0.899, and GFI=0.876). The CVI value ranged from 0.823 to 1, and the S-CVI value was 0.945. The AVE value of each dimension ranged from 0.5771 to 0.8739, and the CR value of each dimension ranged from 0.8449 to 0.9651. Additionally, the square roots of the AVE of each dimension were all greater than the correlation coefficients. The total score of this scale and the scores of its each factor were significantly positively correlated with the total scores of the Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS). The Cronbach's α coefficients of the formal scale and its factors ranged from 0.841 to 0.964, and the test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.824 to 0.948. Conclusion: This study established a prenatal depression assessment scale for the pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy, and upon validation, this scale demonstrated the good reliability and validity, and which can be used as the auxiliary tool for screening the high-risk pregnant women with the prenatal depression during the third trimester of pregnancy.

To observe the therapeutic effect of the hormone replacement therapy combined with the Du-Mai moxibustion for treating patients with kidney-Yang deficiency type perimenopausal syndrome, and to analyze its effects on the levels of the sex hormone and the neurotransmitters of the patients. Methods: A total of 100 patients with kidney-Yang deficiency type perimenopausal syndrome and insomnia who treated in the hospital were selected and were randomly divided into two groups (50 cases in each group) by random number table method from November 2022 to November 2024. The patients in the control group were treated with fenmatong, and the patients in the research group were treated with Du-Mai moxibustion combined with fenmatong. The patients in both groups were treated for 3 months. The changes of the scores of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the modified Kupperman scale and the Chinese medicine syndromes, and the levels of serum estrogen (E2), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and β-endopeptide(β-EP) of the patients before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: After the systematic intervention, the scores of PSQI, modified Kupperman scale scores and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Kidney-Yang deficiency syndrome score of the patients in both groups had decreased significantly. The PSQI score (6.34±1.25 points) of the patients in the study group was significantly lower than that (12.32±1.19 points) of the patients in the control group, and the TCM syndrome score (10.28±1.20 points) of the patients in the study group was also significantly lower than that (15.23±2.25 points) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). The serum E2 levels of the patients in the two groups after treatment had increased significantly, but which of the patients had no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of serum 5-HT and β-EP of the patients in the two groups had increased significantly, and the increase of which of the patients in the study group was significantly better than that of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). There was no any patient with the treatment-related adverse reaction in the two groups. Conclusion: The hormone replacement therapy combined with the Du-Mai moxibustion for treating the patients with kidney-Yang deficiency type perimenopausal syndrome and insomnia can increase their levels of serum 5-HT and β- EP, improve their sleep status and clinical symptoms, and with the safe and effectiveness.

To evaluate the anesthetic efficacy and the safety of the different loading doses of propofol combined with sufentanil used in gynecological hysteroscopic surgery. Methods: From March 2022 to June 2023, 156 women scheduled for hysteroscopic procedures in the hospital were randomly divided into 3 groups (52 cases in each group). All the women in 3 groups received an intravenous bolus of sufentanil 0.15μg/kg during anesthesia induction, and then the propofol loading doses for the women in group A, in group B and in group C were 1.0 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg, respectively. The values of the hemodynamic indictors, such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2)  at 5 time points (before induction (S0), 5 min after induction (S1), during surgery (S2), at the end of surgery (S3) and at awakening after surgery (S4), the propofol total dose and superaddition dose during surgery, the pain score evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) at awakening and at postoperative 1h and 6h, the Ramsay sedation score at postoperative 10min, the anesthetic efficacy and the adverse reaction of the women were compared among the three groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the total dose of propofol, the total surgery time, and perioperative SpO2 value of the women among the three groups (P>0.05). The additional dose of propofol, the anesthetic onset time, the awakening time and the values of SBP, MAP and HR of the women in group A, in group B and in group C had decreased gradually (P<0.05). There was no difference in the VAS score of the women between group B and group C, but the VAS score of the women in group B was significantly lower than that of the women in group A (P<0.05). The Ramsay sedation score of the women at 10min after operation in group A (2.27±1.36 points), in group B (2.88±1.44 points) and in group C (3.87±1.57 points) had increased gradually (P<0.05). The total effective rate of anesthesia (86.5%) of the women in group B had no significant different from that (94.2%) of the women in group C, but which of the women in group B or in group C was significantly higher than that (76.9%) of the women in group A (P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions (11.5%) of the women in group A had no significantly different from that (25.5%) of the women in group B, but which of the women in group B or in group C were significantly lower than that (46.2%) of the women in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion: A propofol loading dose of 1.5 mg/kg combined with sufentanil provides the optimal anesthetic efficacy and maintains the hemodynamic stability, ensures the rapid awakening and reduces the adverse events when compared with those of 1.0 mg/kg or 2.0 mg/kg propofol loading dose. Thus, the propofol loading dose of 1.5 mg/kg is recommended as the preferred regimen for the hysteroscopic surgery.

To explore the correlation between the preoperative anxiety of the advanced-age women with cesarean section and their quality of anesthesia recovery and postpartum depression. Methods:  A total of 189 advanced-age pregnant women who wanted cesarean section under general anesthesia in the hospital were selected and were divided into group A (127 women with anxiety) and group B (62 women without anxiety) based on the preoperative state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score from February 2021 to December 2024. The clinical data, the anesthesia recovery quality and the postpartum depression situation of the women were compared between the two groups. According to the postpartum depression, these women were also divided into group C (41 women with postpartum depression) and group D (148 women without postpartum depression). Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors influencing the postpartum depression of the women, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the preoperative anxiety of the women and their postpartum depression. Results: The proportion of the pregnancy complications, the awakening time, the incidence of the agitation during recovery period, the time of anal exhaust after operation, and the scores of each dimension and the total score of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B (all P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions of the women during recovery period between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportions of the pregnancy complications, the preoperative anxiety and the first time of getting out of bed ≥24 hours after operation of the women in group C were significantly higher than those of the women in group D (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative anxiety, the pregnancy complications and the first postoperative getting out of bed time ≥24 hours of the advanced-age women were the related factors of their postpartum depression (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the preoperative anxiety level of the advanced-age women with cesarean section under general anesthesia was positively correlated with their postpartum depression (r=0.411, P<0.05). Conclusion: The advanced-age women with the preoperative anxiety have the longer recovery time and anal exhaust time, and higher incidences of the agitation during recovery and risk of postpartum depression after cesarean section under general anesthesia. The preoperative anxiety of the advanced-age women is closely related to their quality of recovery and postpartum depression. 

To analyze the risk factors of the lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) of patients with placenta previa after cesarean section, and to construct a nomogram model. Methods: The clinical data of 204 patients with placenta previa who had undergone the cesarean section in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were collected retrospectively. According to the presence or absence of LEDVT during the perioperative period, these patients were divided into the group A (28 patients with LEDVT) and group B (176 patients without LEDVT). The influencing factors of LEDVT of the patients with placenta previa after cesarean section were explored by multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis. A nomogram was drawn and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of this nomogram model for LEDVT of the patients with placenta previa after cesarean section. Results: The age, the intraoperative blood loss, the bed rest time, the blood viscosity and the D-dimer level of the patients in group A were all significantly higher than those of the patients in group B. The proportions of the gestational diabetes mellitus, the gestational hypertension, the central placenta previa and the history of reproductive tract infection of the patients in group A were all significantly higher than those of the patients in group B. The gestational weeks of the patients in group A at delivery was significantly less than that of the patients in group B. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the advanced age (OR=1.694), the gestational hypertension (OR=2.469), the prolonged bed rest (OR=1.624), the high blood viscosity (OR=1.960) and the elevated D-dimer (OR=1.874) of the patients with placenta previa were the independent risk factors of their LEDVT after cesarean section (all P<0.05). The nomogram model showed the consistency index (C-index) was 0.886, and the fitting effect of this nomogram model was good (χ2=3.207, P=0.482). The slope of the calibration curve of the nomogram was close to 1. The area under the curve, the specificity and the sensitivity of the nomogram model for predicting LEDVT of the patients with placenta previa after cesarean section were 0.873, 67.6% and 92.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The advanced age, the gestational hypertension, the prolonged bed rest time, the high blood viscosity and the elevated D-dimer level of the patients with placenta previa are the risk factors of their LEDVT after cesarean section, and the nomogram model constructed based on these factors has certain predictive value for the LEDVT occurrence of the patients.

To analyze the current status and the influencing factors of the anxiety and depression of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Methods: From April 2023 to March 2024, 80 pregnant women with HDP admitted to the hospital were included in this study. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) was used to investigate the anxiety status of these women, and the self-rating depression scale (SDS) was used to investigate the depression status of these women. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of HDP of the women. Results: Among 80 women with HDP, 26 (32.5%) cases had anxiety and 39 (48.8%) cases had depression. The primipara (OR=4.122), the assisted reproductive pregnancy (OR=3.008), the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR=4.123), the low-level of social support (OR=5.267) and the family dysfunction (OR=2.003) of the women with HDP were the risk factors of their anxiety, and the absence of work (OR=1.624), the history of miscarriage (OR=3.741), the anemia (OR=5.155), the family dysfunction (OR=4.951) and the sleep disorders (OR=3.126) of the women with HDP were the risk factors of their depression (all P<0.05). The rates of the cesarean section (50.0%), the placental abruption (38.5%), the premature birth (30.77%), the neonatal asphyxia (23.1%) and the fetal distress (15.4%) of the women with anxiety were all significantly higher than those (20.4%, 14.8%, 9.3%, 3.7% and 0) of the women without anxiety (all P<0.05). The rates of the cesarean section (41.0%), the placental abruption (33.3%), and the premature birth (25.6%) of the women with depression were all significantly higher than those (19.5%, 2.2% and 7.3%) of the women without depression (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The women with HDP are prone to anxiety and depression. The risk factors of the anxiety of the women include the primipara, the assisted reproductive pregnancy, the GDM, the low level of social support and the family dysfunction, and the risk factors of the depression of the women include the unemployment, the abortion history, the anemia, the family dysfunction and the sleep disorders. The anxiety and depression of the women with HDP increase the occurrence of their adverse maternal and infant outcomes. 

To investigate the impact of the interpregnancy interval of advanced-aged multiparas on their pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), and to establish a predictive model. Methods: A total of 230 multiparas who had undergone the antenatal care and delivered in the hospital from August 2022 to February 2025 were enrolled, including 149 (64.8%) cases with normal postpartum pelvic floor function in group A and 81 (35.2%) cases with PFD in group B. 230 multiparous were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7:3. The training set included 161 multiparas (104 multiparas with normal pelvic floor function and 57 multiparas with PFD) for the model establishment, and the validation set included 69 multiparas (45 multiparas with normal pelvic floor function and 24 multiparous with PFD). The data of the multiparas was collected, which included the age, the body mass index (BMI) at delivery, the gestational weeks at delivery, the mode of conception, the oxytocin used, the number of previous deliveries, the mode of delivery in this time, the episiotomy during delivery, the prolonged second stage of labor, the history of vaginal delivery, the pregnancy complications, the fetal position, the birth weight of the newborn and the time of pregnancy interval (TPI, <1.5 years, 1.5 to 5 years and >5 years). Results: 81 multiparous in group B, there were 69 (85.2%) multiparous with urinary leakage, 52 (64.2%) multiparous with weak urination, 44 (54.32%) multiparas with experienced constipation and 39 (48.15%) multiparous with dyspareunia. In the training set, the age, the parity, and the proportions of vaginal delivery, the episiotomy during delivery, the prolonged second stage of labor, the history of vaginal delivery and TPI (<1.5 years, >5 years) of the multiparas with normal pelvic floor function were significantly higher than those of the multiparas with PFD (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the advanced-age, the multiple pregnancies, the vaginal delivery and TPI <1.5 years of the multiparous were the independent factors influencing their postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction (P<0.05). For the verification set, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to validate the model and the predicted values of the model had a good fit with the actual values, and which suggested that the model had good discrimination and the predicted probabilities were consistent with the actual probabilities. Conclusion: The advanced age, the more parity, the vaginal delivery and IPI <1.5 years of the multiparas are the independent risk factors of their PFD. The impact of IPI of the multiparas on their PFD follows a U-shaped curve, with the higher risks of IPI <1.5 years or >5 years and with the lower risks of IPI 1.5-5 years.

To systematic evaluate the risk prediction models for the intraoperative hemorrhage of patients with cesarean scar (CSP), and to provide evidences for updating and constructing the prediction models. Methods: The literatures on the prediction models of the intraoperative hemorrhage risk of patients with CSP were systematically searched from the English databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL, and from the Chinese databases, such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and SinoMed. The search scope spanned from the establishment of these database to December 2024. The data were extracted by the data collection form of the checklist for critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of prediction modelling studies (CHARMS checklist). The quality of the prediction models was assessed by the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). Results: A total of 15 articles were included in this systematic review, including 24 models and 5,768 patients. The area under the curve (AUC) of these models for predicting the intraoperative hemorrhage of the patients with CSP ranged from 0.687 to 0.940. 9 articles reported the model calibration, 7 articles conducted the internal validation and 4 articles performed the external validation. In 15 included articles, there were 14 articles with the high risk of bias and 1 article with low the risk of bias, and all of which suggested the better applicability. Mete-analysis results revealed that the most common predictive factors included the gestational sac diameter (OR=1.75, 95%CI 1.19-2.57), the maximum lesion diameter (OR=1.60, 95%CI 1.04-2.48) and the gestational weeks (OR=2.06, 95%CI 1.52-2.80). Conclusion: The overall quality of the research on the prediction models for the intraoperative hemorrhage risk of the patients with CSP requires further improvement. The future research should focus on enhancing the external validation of the prediction models or focus on the rigorously developing the high-quality prediction models in accordance with the guidelines and followed by the comprehensive internal and external validation. 

To explore the correlation between the levels of serum interleukin 2 (IL-2), luteinizing hormone (LH) and Kisspeptin of patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) treated by the progestin primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol and their outcomes after the treatment of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: The clinical data of 110 patients with DOR who received PPOS regimen treatment in the hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were collected in this study. These patients were divided into group A (42 patients with pregnancy) and group B (68 patients without pregnancy) based on their outcomes after IVF-ET. The clinical data of the patients in the two groups were collected, and the levels of the serum IL-2, LH and Kisspeptin of the patients were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of the pregnancy failure of the patients with DOR after IVF-ET. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to analyze the predictive value of the levels of the serum IL-2, LH and Kisspeptin of the patients with DOR for their pregnancy failure after IVF-ET. Results: The pregnancy rate of the patients with DOR was 38.2% (42/110). The incidence of FC ≥5, and the serum AMH and Kisspeptin levels of the patients in group A were significantly higher than those of the patients in group B. The levels of the serum IL-2 and LH of the patients in group A were significantly lower than those of the patients in group B (all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the decreased serum AFC, AMH, and Kisspeptin levels, and the increased IL-2 and LH levels of the patients with DOR were the independent risk factors of their pregnancy failure after IVF-ET (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the levels of IL-2, LH and Kisspeptin of the patients with DOR had predictive values for their pregnancy failure after IVF-ET, and the area under the curve (0.862) of the combined levels of IL-2, LH and Kisspeptin of the patients with DOR for their pregnancy failure after IVF-ET was significantly higher than that of the levels of the IL-2 level, the LH level or the Kisspeptin level alone. Conclusion: The expression levels of the serum IL-2, LH and Kisspeptin of the patients with DOR are closely related to their outcomes after IVF-ET, and which have predictive values for the outcomes of the patients after the treatment by IVF-ET. 

To analyze the correlation between the serum homocysteine (Hcy) and cystatin C (Cys-C) levels of pregnant women with advanced age during the first trimester of pregnancy and their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 285 pregnant women with advanced age who had undergone the prenatal examinations and had given birth in the hospital from June 2020 to January 2024. These women were divided into group A (98 cases with the adverse pregnancy outcomes) and group B (187 cases with the normal pregnancy outcomes) based on their pregnancy outcomes. The general data and the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the women were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the women during the first trimester of pregnancy and their adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by Spearman correlation method. The predictive value the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the women during the first trimester of pregnancy for their adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the related factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: The levels of the serum Hcy and Cys-C of the women in group A during the first trimester of pregnancy were all significantly higher than those of the women in group B, while the serum ferritin level of the women in group A was significantly lower than that of the women in group B (all P<0.05). The serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the women with the advanced age in group A during the first trimester of pregnancy were positively correlated with their adverse pregnancy outcomes (r=0.445 and 0.387, all P<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of the serum Hcy level, Cys-C level and the combination of the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the women with the advanced age during the first trimester of pregnancy for diagnosing their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.841, 0.855 and 0.904, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the age ≥ 40.44 years old (OR=2.748), and the serum ferritin level <60.36 μg/L (OR=1.923), the Hcy level ≥35.41 μmol/L (OR=4.674) and the Cys-C level ≥1.56 mg/L (OR=3.543) during the first trimester of pregnancy of the women with the advanced age were all the risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The abnormal elevation of the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the pregnant women with advanced age during the first trimester of pregnancy is closely related to their adverse pregnancy outcomes. The dynamic monitoring the changes of the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the pregnant women with the advanced age can effectively predict their adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the combination of the serum Hcy and Cys-C levels of the women has higher diagnostic efficacy.

To investigate the influencing factors of the intrauterine infection of pregnant women with abnormal body temperature during labor and their perinatal outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 207 pregnant women with abnormal intrapartum body temperature during labor who admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to December 2022. These women were divided into group A (148 cases with intrauterine infection) and group B (59 cases without intrauterine infection). The general characteristics, the clinical indicators values and the perinatal outcomes of the women were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of the intrauterine infection of the women. The women in group A were further divided into three subgroups based on their highest body temperature, including group A1 (women with 37.5-38.0°C), group A2 (women with 38.0-<38.5°C) and group A3 (women with ≥38.5°C), and the pregnancy complications rate, the delivery modes and the maternal and neonatal outcomes of the women in the three subgroups were analyzed. Results: The gestational diabetes mellitus and the number of vaginal examinations of the women were the risk factors of their intrauterine infection (OR=2.67, 95%CI 1.15-6.17 and OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.14-2.27). The highest body temperature, the incidences of the pregnant women and their fetal tachycardia, and the hospital stay duration of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B (P<0.05). In group A, the rate of vaginal delivery of the women had decreased significantly (χ2=7.19, P<0.05), and the rate of forceps delivery, the fetal distress and the neonatal infection rate had increased significantly (χ2=5.42, 4.76, 4.98, P<0.05). In the intrauterine infection subgroups, there was significant difference in the incidence of group B streptococcus colonization of the women among group A1, group A2 and group A3 (F=4.14, P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in the pregnancy complications rate and the delivery mode of the women among group A1, group A2 and group A3 (P>0.05). In group A, the positive rate of the placental pathology of the women was 79.7%. The positive rate of the placental swab pathogen culture of the women in group A was 35.8%, and which of the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (56.6%). Conclusion: The gestational diabetes mellitus and the number of vaginal examinations of the pregnant women with abnormal intrapartum body temperature are the risk factors of their intrauterine infections. Clinically, the blood glucose management of the pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should be strengthened, the indications of the vaginal examinations should be strictly followed and the close monitoring of the pregnant women with abnormal body temperature should be implemented to enable timely interventions for reducing the incidence of the maternal and neonatal complications.