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• 2026 Volume 34 Issue 1
  Published: 15 January 2026

    

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  Current status of the stigma of women after their first in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and its correlation with the self -compassion and coping style of the women

  LIU Lanxiang, DENG Yun, SHEN Jing, CHEN Ruyi, CHEN Qianqian, LIU Yuanyuan

  2026, 34(1): 4.

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  To explore the current status of the stigma of women after their first in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer （IVF-ET）， and to study its correlation with the self -compassion and coping style of the women. Methods： 104 women who had undergone their first IVF-ET in the hospital from July 2022 to June 2024 were recruited as the subjects by cluster sampling. The general information questionnaires， the infertility stigma scale （ISS）， the self compassion scale， and the medical coping modes questionnaire （MCMQ） were used to investigate. The correlation between the stigma of the women after their first IVF -ET and their self -compassion and coping strategies was examined by Pearson correlation analysis. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing the stigma of the women after their first IVF-ET. Results： The total stigma score of the women after their first IVF-ET was 69.25 ± 3.66 points. Among them， there were 34.6％ women with mild stigma， 49.0％ women with moderate stigma and 16.4％ women with severe stigma. The total score of the self -compassion of the women after their first time IVF-ET was 78.52±3.24 points. The scores of the dimensions of facing， avoiding and yielding in the coping style of the women were 19.11±1.41 points， 15.65±1.38 points and 12.14±1.30 points， respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of the stigma of the women after their first-time IVF-ET was negatively correlated with their total score of self-compassion and their facing dimension score of the coping style， but was positively correlated with their scores of the avoiding and yielding dimensions in the coping style （all P＜0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the high school education or below， the expecting to a boy， the rural areas living， the family per capita monthly income ＜5000 Yuan， the main source of the fertility pressure from the husband or the elders， the low total score of the self -compassion and the low scores of each dimension of the coping style of the women were the factors influencing their stigma score （P＜0.05）. This model could explain 57.9％ of the total variation of the stigma score of the women. Conclusion： The stigma of the women after their first IVF-ET is at the moderate level. The total stigma score of the women is closely related to their self -compassion and coping style， and which is also affected by various factors. Therefore， the stigma situation of the women after their first IVF-ET should be paid attention to in clinic. The targeted interventions for the women can be implemented to enhance their self -compassion and improve coping style strategies， thereby effectively reducing the stigma of the women associated with their infertility and assisted reproductive technology.
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  Analysis of the current situation and the influencing factors of the postpartum delivery psychological trauma of parturients with high-risk pregnancy

  HE Lu, CAI Luanluan, XIN Dandan

  2026, 34(1): 10.

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  To explore the current situation and the influencing factors of the postpartum delivery psychological trauma of parturients with high-risk pregnancy. Methods： A total of 102 parturients with high-risk pregnancy in the hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. The general information questionnaire， the city birth trauma scale （CBTS）， the social support rating scale （SSRS）， the visual analogue scale （VAS）， the self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）， the self-rating depression scale （SDS） and the Connor-Davidson psychic resilience scale （CD-PRIS） were used to investigate in this study， and the neonatal information was also collected for the analysis. The current situation of delivery psychological trauma of the parturients with high-risk pregnancy was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the influencing factors of the delivery psychological trauma of these parturients. Results： A total of 115 questionnaires were distributed and 102 validly questionnaires were returned， with an effective recovery rate of 88.7％. Among 102 parturients with high-risk pregnancy， 33 parturients met the criteria of the positive symptoms of delivery psychological trauma， with the positive rate of 32.4％. The average score of the parturients with the delivery psychological trauma was 34.42±6.82 points. There were significant differences in the delivery model， the fear of uncertain events， the absence of postpartum mother-child relationship， the social support， the pain score in postpartum 24h， the psychological resilience score and the pre-pregnancy depression between the parturients with and without the delivery psychological trauma （P＜0.05）. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the cesarean section， the fear of uncertain events， the absence of postpartum mother-child relationship， the low social support， the high pain score in postpartum 24h， the low psychological resilience score and the pre-pregnancy depression of the parturients with high-risk pregnancy were all the independent factors influencing their postpartum psychological trauma （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The clinical interventions of the parturients with the high-risk pregnancy based on their various influencing factors should be carried out to reduce their postpartum psychological trauma.
  
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  Survey on the cognitive level on the weight management of pregnant women with overweight before pregnancy based on the health belief model

  XU Li1, WU Jing2, ZHANG Zhixia2

  2026, 34(1): 16.

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  To investigate the cognitive level on the weight management of pregnant women with overweight before pregnancy based on the health belief model （HBM）， and to study its possible influence factors. Methods： A total of 374 pregnant women with the pre-pregnancy overweight from November 2024 to April 2025 were included in this study. The general situation questionnaire and the weight management status questionnaire based on HBM were used to investigation in this survey. The differences of the cognitive levels of the pregnant women with different characteristics were analyzed. Results： The total score of the weight management status questionnaire based on HBM of 374 pregnant women was 2.96±0.71 points， which was at the medium level. There were no significant differences in the questionnaire scores among the women with different marital statuses， among the women with occupational types， between the women with and without planned pregnancy， among the women with different numbers of pregnancies and deliveries， between the women with and without chronic diseases， between the women with and without immediate family history of obesity， among the women with different sedentary time and among the women with different vegetable intake （P＞0.05）. However， there were significant differences in the questionnaire scores among the women with different educational levels， among the women with different average monthly family income， among the women with prenatal care from different hospital grade， among the women with different frequency of the moderate-intensity exercise per week and among the women with different frequency of intake of the high-fat and high-sugar foods （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The weight management level of the pregnant women with the pre-pregnancy overweight is at the moderate level. The educational level， the average monthly family income， the hospital grade for prenatal care， the frequency of moderate -intensity exercise per week and the frequency of high-fat and high-sugar food intake of the pregnant women may influence their cognitive level on the weight management， and which is important to emphasize the education and the promotion of the cognitive level on the weight management of the pregnant women with the pre-pregnancy overweight， and the weight management should be conducted in the pregnancy period.
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  Mediating effect of the psychological resilience between the self -efficacy of patients with cervical cancer and their quality of life

  LIU Jian 1, ZHENG Haixia 2

  2026, 34(1): 21.

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  To explore the mediating effect of the psychological resilience between the self-efficacy of patients with cervical cancer and their quality of life. Methods： 120 patients with cervical cancer in the hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected in this study. The general information questionnaire， Connor-Davidson resilience scale （CD-RISC）， general self-efficacy scale （GSES） and World health organization quality of life scale （WHOQOL-BREF） were used to investigate the patients with cervical cancer. The correlation between the psychological resilience of the patients with cervical cancer and their self -efficacy and quality of life was analyzed. The mediating effect was analyzed by constructing a structural equation model. Results： The scores of CD-RISC （56.28±16.26 points）， GSES （24.36±4.33 points） and WHOQOL -BREF （76.39±13.04 points）， and the total CD-RISC score of 120 patients with cervical cancer were positively correlated with their total GSES score and their total WHOQOL-BREF score. The total score of GSES of 120 patients with cervical cancer was positively correlated with their total score of WHOQOL-BREF （all P＜0.05）. The psychological resilience of the patients with cervical cancer had the partial mediating effect between their self -efficacy and their quality of life， and which accounted for 53.0％ of the total effect. Conclusion： The psychological resilience and the self -efficacy of the patients with cervical cancer are at a relatively low level， and their quality of life is poor. The psychological resilience can affect the self -efficacy and quality of life of the patients with cervical cancer， and it has the partial mediating effect between the self -efficacy of the patients and their quality of life. It is recommended to encourage and support the patients with cervical cancer in clinical practice to enhance their psychological resilience and improve their self -efficacy and quality of life.
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  Analysis of the current status and the influencing factors of the disease -related knowledge among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

  NI Xiyu, ZHU Hongyan, ZHU Qing

  2026, 34(1): 26.

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  To understand the current status and the influencing factors of the disease -related knowledge among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）， and to provide evidence for the targeted interventions. Methods： A total of 126 pregnant women with GDM who were treated in the hospital from September 2022 to June 2025 were selected in this study. The self -designed basic information questionnaire and the disease cognition questionnaire by the pregnant women with GDM were used to investigate. The disease cognition on GDM was compared among the pregnant women with different characteristics. And multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results： The score of the GDM related knowledge of the women was 34.14±2.18 points （full score of 50 points）， and with an adequacy rate of 64.3 ％. The age ＜35 years old， the rural area living， the high school education or below， the family monthly income ＜5000 Yuan， the body mass index （BMI） value ≤24kg/m2， the no family history of diabetes and the first pregnancy of the women with GDM were the risk factors affecting their qualified rate of knowledge on the GDM related diseases （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The GDM -related knowledge of the women with GDM is at the moderate level. The age， the residence， the educational attainment， the family monthly income， the BMI value， the family history of diabetes and the parity of the women with GDM are all the correlation with the GDM -related knowledge level of the women with GDM.
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  Effect of the postoperative analgesia by esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine of obese pregnant women with advanced age after cesarean section and its influence on the postpartum depression of the women

  QIN Yanlv, CHI Tao, MA Yan, LU Yixing, JIANG Wenqing, FENG Jifeng

  2026, 34(1): 31.

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  To analyze the effect of the postoperative analgesia by esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine of obese pregnant women with advanced age after cesarean section， and to study its influence on the postpartum depression of the women. Methods： A total of 180 obese pregnant women with advanced age who wanted cesarean section were randomly divided into study group （n＝90） and control group （n＝90） by the random number table from January to December 2024. The women in the control group were given dexmedetomidine and sufentanil for intravenous pump analgesia after cesarean section， while the women in the study group were given esketamine， dexmedetomidine and sufentanil for intravenous pump analgesia after cesarean section. The hospital stay， the time to the first getting out of bed， the time of the first flatus， the number of analgesic pump presses within 48 hours after cesarean section， the quality of recovery Scale-40 （QoR-40） score in postoperative 5 days， the adverse reactions rate， the visual analogue scale （VAS） score at different time points and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale （EPDS） score of the women in the two groups were observed and recorded. Results： The time of the first getting out of bed and the time of the first flatus of the women in the study group were significantly shorter than those of the women in the control group. The number of analgesic pump presses （3.55±0.59 times） of the women within 48 hours after cesarean section in the study group was significantly less than that （4.23±0.77 times） of the women in the control group. The QoR-40 score （170.66±10.21 points） of the women in the study group in postoperative 5d was significantly higher than that （158.85±9.58 points） of the women in the control group. The VAS scores of the women in the study group at postoperative 6 h， 12h， 24h and 48 h were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group. The VAS scores of the women in the two groups at postoperative 12h and 24h were significantly higher than those at postoperative 6 h and 48 h， and the VAS score of the women in the two groups at postoperative 24h was significantly higher than that at postoperative 12h. The EPDS scores of the women in the study group in postoperative 3 days， 1 week and 2 weeks were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group， the EPDS scores of the women in the two groups in postoperative 1 week and 2 weeks were significantly lower than those in postoperative 3 days， and the EPDS score of the women in the two groups in postoperative 2 weeks were significantly lower than those of the women in postoperative 1 week （all P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions （23.3％ vs.17.8％） of the women between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： Esketamine combined with exmedetomidine has the good postoperative analgesic effect for the obese pregnant women with advanced age after cesarean section， which can better promote the postpartum recovery， relieve the postoperative pain and improve the degree of the postoperative depression of the women， and with the good safety.
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  Effects of nebulphine combined with ketamine for preemptive analgesia of patients with laparoscopic myomectomy on their stress hormones levels and depressive emotion

  ZHOU Wending, XIONG Ziying, LIU Xiaolei, TANG Jing

  2026, 34(1): 36.

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  To investigate the effects of nalbuphine combined with ketamine for preemptive analgesia of patients with laparoscopic myomectomy （LM） on their stress hormones levels and depressive emotion. Methods： 92 patients who wanted LM in the hospital were selected and were randomly divided into two groups （46 patients in each group） from January 2023 to March 2025. The patients in group A received the intravenous injection of nalbuphine （0.3 mg/kg） at 15 minutes before anesthesia induction， while the patients in group B received the intravenous injection of nalbuphine （0.3 mg/kg） combined with ketamine15 minutes before anesthesia induction. The perioperative indicators values， the values changes of the hemodynamic parameters， such as the heart rate （HR） and the mean arterial pressure （MAP）， before anesthesia induction （T0）， at tracheal intubation （T1）， at surgical skin cutting （T2） and at extubation （T3）， the score change of the pain numerical rating scale （NRS）， the situation of the patient -controlled intravenous analgesia （PCA） used， the levels of the stress hormones， such as epinephrine （E）， norepinephrine （NE） and cortisol （Cor）， and the score change of Hamilton depression scale （HAMD） of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results： There were no significant differences in the operation time and the intraoperative blood loss of the patients between the two groups （P＞0.05）. The dosages of propofol and sufentanil of the patients in group B were significantly lower than those of the patients in group A. The anesthesia recovery time of the patients in group B was significantly shorter than that of the patients in group A （P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in the values of MAP and HR of the patients at T0-T3 between the two groups （P＞0.05）. The NRS scores of the patients in group B at postoperative 2h， 6h， 12h， 24h and 48h were significantly lower than those of the patients in group A. The number of the effective pressing PCA of the patients in group B was significantly less than that of the patients in group A. The PCA triggering time of the patients in group B had delayed significantly compared to that of the patients in group A （all P＜0.05）. The levels of the serum Cor， E and NE of the patients in group B at postoperative 24h were significantly lower than those of the patients in group A， and the HAMA scores of the patients in group B in postoperative 2d and 5d were significantly lower than those of the patients in group A （all P＜0.05）. The adverse reaction rate of the patients in group B was 11.6％， and which was similar to that （14.0％） of the patients in group A （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： Nebulphine combined with ketamine for the preemptive analgesia of the patients with LM can alleviate their postoperative pain and decrease their stress hormones levels， and which can improve the depressive mood of the patients， and without increasing the adverse reactions.
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  Impact of the prospective intervention based on the integrated medical and nursing care for primiparas on their negative emotions and infant & mom outcomes

  ZHU Chongjie 1, FENG Wei 2, WU Xianhua 2, TANG Yali 2

  2026, 34(1): 42.

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  To explore the impact of the prospective intervention based on the integrated medical and nursing care for primiparas on their negative emotions and the infant & mom outcomes. Methods： A total of 106 primiparas who delivered in the hospital were recruited and were randomly divided into observation group and control group （53 cases in each group） between January 2024 and January 2025. The primiparas in the two groups were provided with the routine nursing along with psychological intervention， while the primiparas in the observation group were given the prospective intervention based on integrated medical and nursing care additionally. The negative emotions， the infant & mom outcomes and the satisfaction of the primiparas were compared between the two groups. Results： After the intervention， the scores of the self-rating anxiety scale （41.25±4.23 points） and self-rating depression scale （42.18±4.41 points） of the primiparas in the observation group were significantly lower than those （46.68±4.87 points and 47.56±4.92 points） of the primiparas in the control group. The incidences of postpartum complications （5.7％） and the incidence of the adverse neonatal outcomes （5.7％） of the primiparas in the observation group were significantly lower than those （18.9％ and 20.8％） of the primiparas in the control group. The total satisfaction （92.5％） of the primiparas in the observation group was significantly higher than that （77.4％） of the primiparas in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The prospective intervention based on integrated medical-nursing care for the primiparas can relieve their negative emotions， improve their infant & mom outcomes， and increase their satisfaction.
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  Application effect of the pressure management model based on Neuman theory for patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy

  CHU Wenwen, LIU Yan, SONG Yang, Gu Jingjing, ZHANG Hui

  2026, 34(1): 46.

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  To explore the application effect of the pressure management model based on Neuman theory for patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy. Methods： A total of 102 patients who wanted the laparoscopic total hysterectomy were included and were divided into two groups （51 cases in each group） by the random number table method from February 2022 to March 2025. The patients in the two groups received the routine nursing intervention， and the patients in the study group received the stress management model based on the Neuman theory additionally. The postoperative rehabilitation indicators values， the postoperative visual analogue scale （VAS） score， the self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and self-rating depression scale （SDS） scores before and after intervention of the patients were compared between the two groups. The levels of the inflammatory factors， such as interleukin-6 （IL-6） and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， the scores of adult health self-management rating scale （AHSMSRS）， insomnia severity index （ISI） and quality of life questionnaire-C30 （QLQ-C30） before after and in 3 days after operation， and the satisfaction with intervention of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results： The first postoperative exhaust and defecation time， and the time of the first getting out of bed of the patients in the study group were significantly shorter than those of the patients in the control group. The VAS scores of the patients in the study group in 1， 2 and 3 days after operation were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group （P＜0.05）. After the intervention， the scores of SAS （45.65±2.21 points）， SDS （53.46±2.75 points）， ISI （8.45±0.49） and QLQ-C30 （84.52±2.85 points） of the patients in the study group were significantly better than those （51.25±5.45 points， 58.75±3.33 points， 10.34±0.56 points and 76.23±3.15 points） of the patients in the control group. After the intervention， the AHSMSRS score of the patients in the study group was significantly better than that of the patients in the control group. The levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP of the patients in the study group in 3 days after operation were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group. The satisfaction rate of the nursing intervention （96.1％） of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that （80.4％） of the patients in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The stress management model based on Neuman theory for the patients undergoing laparoscopic total hysterectomy can better promote their recovery， alleviate their pain， enhance their self-management ability， improve their sleep， quality of life and negative psychology， and can also reduce the levels of their inflammatory factors， and with the higher satisfaction rate.
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  Impact of the family accompaniment combined with the timely incentive theory intervention for parturients with cesarean section on their lactation function

  FANG Wan, WU Fei, ZHAN Xiaqin, ZHOU Mengd

  2026, 34(1): 52.

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  To explore the impact of the family accompaniment combined with the timely incentive theory intervention for parturients with cesarean section on their lactation function. Methods：A total of 157 parturients who wanted cesarean section in the hospital were selected as research subjects from January 2024 to December 2024. These parturients were divided into control group （n＝78） and experimental group （n＝79）by the random number table method. The parturients in the control group received routine nursing care， while the parturients in the experimental group received additional intervention of family accompaniment combined with timely incentive theory on the basis of routine care. The breastfeeding status， the lactation situation and breastfeeding cognition of the parturients were compared between the two groups. Results： The breastfeeding assessment tool score （9.18±1.22 points）， the success rate of the first breastfeeding （84.8％） and the scores of the self-efficacy scale for breastfeeding at postpartum 24h， 48h and 72h （96.53±8.64 points， 106.53±10.53 points and 117.43±11.58 points） of the parturients in the experimental group were significantly higher than those （8.75±1.08 points，71.79％，92.64±9.63 points， 102.35±9.86 points and 110.64±12.48 points） of the parturients in the control group. The initiation time of lactation （14.03±1.74 h） of the parturients in the experimental group and the levels of prolactin at 24h， 48h， and 72h postpartum （286.56±26.53 ng/ml， 342.61±33.61 ng/ml and 412.71±32.86 ng/ml） of the parturients in the experimental group were significantly higher than those （13.53±1.28 h， 276.86±28.64 ng/ml， 329.92±29.64 ng/ml and 396.81±31.62 ng/ml） of the parturients in the control group. The scores of the visual analogue scale of the parturients in the experimental group at postpartum at 24h， 48h， and 72h were 3.48±0.51 points， 2.79±0.54 points and 2.79±0.54 points， respectively， and which were significantly lower than those （3.67±0.47 points， 3.01±0.48 points and 2.64±0.51 points） of the parturients in the control group. The scores of the breastfeeding knowledge levels of the parturients and their family members in the experimental group were 14.53±2.05 points and 16.78±2.01 points， and both of which were significantly higher than those （13.42±1.86 points and 16.43±2.14 points） of the parturients in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion：The family accompaniment combined with the timely incentive theory intervention for the parturients with cesarean section can optimize their postoperative feeding for the newborns， shorten their lactation initiation time， increase their PRL levels and breastfeeding cognition and reduce their postoperative pain.
  
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  Impact of the perineal massage intervention program constructed based on self-efficacy theory of primiparas with natural delivery on their delivery experience

  SONG Mingxia, SHEN Lianmei, YUAN Ling

  2026, 34(1): 57.

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  To analyze the impact of the perineal massage intervention program constructed based on self-efficacy theory of primiparas with natural delivery on their delivery experience. Methods： 98 primiparas women admitted to the hospital for natural delivery were selected and were divided into observation group and control group （49 cases in each group） by a numerical table from February 2023 to June 2025. Among them， the primiparas in the control group received the traditional nursing care， while the primiparas in the observation group received the perineal massage intervention based on self-efficacy theory. The delivery experience of the primiparas in the two groups at postpartum 24h and in 42 postpartum days was recorded. The perineal pain evaluated by visual analogue scale （VAS） score at postpartum 2h， at postpartum 24h， and in postpartum 7 days， and the uterine floor height and pelvic floor muscle strength in postpartum 7 days and 42 days of the primiparas in the two groups were also recorded. The scores of the physiological experience， the psychological experience， the social support experience and the information support experience of the primiparas in the observation group at postpartum 24h and 42 days were all significantly higher than those of the primiparas in the control group. The VAS scores of the perineum at postpartum h and 24h， and in 7 postpartum days of the primiparas in the observation group were 3.2±1.2 points， 2.5±0.8 points and 1.3±0.5 points， respectively， and which were all significantly lower than those （4.8±1.5 points， 4.2±1.3 points and 2.8±0.9 points） of the primiparas in the control group. The height of the uterine fundus of the primiparas in the observation group in postpartum 7 days and 42 days were 6.5±1.2 cm and 1.2±0.3 cm， and which were all significantly lower than those （8.8±1.5 cm and 2.5±0.6 cm） of the primiparas in the control group. The pelvic floor muscle strength of the primiparas in the observation group was significantly stronger than that of the primiparas in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The perineal massage intervention program constructed abased on self-efficacy theory for the primiparas can effectively improve their delivery outcomes and delivery experiences.
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  Impact of the IMPACT model for women with vaginal delivery on their childbirth experience

  GE Huanhuan, LIN Yincui, CAI Ting

  2026, 34(1): 62.

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  To explore the impact of the identify-define-generate-apply-calculate-track （IMPACT） model for women with vaginal delivery on their childbirth experience and psychological state. Methods： A total of 102 women with vaginal delivery in the hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected and were randomly divided into two groups by random number table. 51 women in the control group received the routine nursing interventions and 51 women in the observation group received the IMPACT model intervention. The childbirth experience and the psychological state of the women were compared between the two groups. Results： After the intervention， the score of the delivery experience questionnaire （83.79±11.52 points） of the women in the observation group was significantly higher than that （74.63±10.31 points） of the women in the control group. The scores of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale （7.14±1.68 points） and the self-rating anxiety scale （44.72±6.23 points） of the women in the observation group were significantly lower than those （8.27±1.79 points and 48.19±6.17 points） of the women in the control group. The total duration of labor （482.7±22.5 minutes） of the women in the observation group was significantly shorter than that （518.7±30.9 minutes） of the women in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The IMPACT model for the women with vaginal delivery can improve their childbirth experience， shorten their labor duration of and enhance their psychological state.
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  Application effect of the short-video-based step-by-step health education for cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with peripherally inserted central catheter placement

  WU Xianshuai, GUAN Jiahui, JIANG Weikang

  2026, 34(1): 67.

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  To explore the application effect of the short-video-based step-by-step health education for cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with peripherally inserted central catheter （PICC） placement. Methods： A total of 113 cervical cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy with PICC for the first time in the hospital were selected as research subjects and were divided into control group （n＝56） and research group （n＝57） by the random number table method from January 2022 to December 2024. The patients in the two groups received the routine health education， while the patients in the research group were given step-by-step health education based on short videos additionally. The self-care ability， the quality of life and the incidence of complications of the patients before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups. Results： There were no significant differences in the scores of each item of the self-care ability scale （ESCA） and the general quality of life inventory-74 （GQOLI-74） of the patients before the intervention between the two groups （P＞0.05）. The scores of the self-concept （24.86±3.77 points）， the health knowledge level （41.53±4.72 points）， the self-responsibility （25.09±2.61 points）， the self-care skills （38.56±5.02 points）， the physical function （18.46±2.15 points）， the psychological function （15.86±1.34 points） and the social function （15.32±1.95 points） of the patients in the research group after 3 months of intervention were significantly higher than those （23.41±3.25 points， 38.64±4.65 points， 23.64±2.74 points， 36.41±4.59 points， 17.53±1.68 points， 14.85±1.67 points and 14.21±2.01 points） of the patients in the control group. The complication rate （5.3％） of the patients in the research group was significantly lower than that （17.9％） of the patients in the control group， while the nursing satisfaction rate （98.3％） of the patients in the research group was significantly higher than that （85.7％） of the patients in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The short-video-based step-by-step health education for the cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with PICC can effectively improve their self-care ability and quality of life， reduce their complications and enhance their nursing satisfaction.
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  Application of the family participation-based nursing model for the neonates with hemolytic jaundice

  ZHANG Qiong, SUN Li, LIN Lin

  2026, 34(1): 72.

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  To explore the application of the family participation-based nursing model for the neonates with neonatal hemolytic jaundice. Methods： A total of 106 neonates with hemolytic jaundice who were hospitalized in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups （53 cases in each group） by the random number table method from June 2022 to December 2024. The neonates in the two groups received the routine nursing intervention， while the neonates in the intervention group received the family participation-based nursing model intervention. The rehabilitation time， the bilirubin level， the discharge readiness evaluated by discharge readiness scale （DRS）， the family disease management ability evaluated by Chinese version of the family management measurement scale （FMMS）， the adverse events and the readmission rate of the neonates were compared between the two groups. Results： The phototherapy duration， the jaundice resolution time and the hospital stay of the neonates in the intervention group were significantly shorter than those of the neonates in the control group （P＜0.05）. The bilirubin levels of the neonates in the two groups at discharge were significantly than those of the baseline of the neonates， and which of the neonates in the two groups at the first re-examination were significantly lower than those of the neonates at discharge. The bilirubin levels of the neonates in the control group at the second re-examination was significantly higher than that of the neonates at the first re-examination， and which of the neonates in the control group at the two times of re-examination were also significantly higher than those of the neonates in the intervention group （all P＜0.05）. After the intervention， the scores of RHDS （92.42±7.57 points） and FMMS （173.53±16.54 points） of the neonates in the intervention group were significantly higher than those （74.24±8.25 points and 118.24±13.64 points） of the neonates in the control group （all P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in the incidences of the nosocomial infection and the anemia and the coagulation dysfunction of the neonates between the two groups （P＞0.05）. The re-admission rate within 7 days after discharge （3.8％） of the neonates in the intervention group was significantly lower than that （17.0％） of the neonates in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The family participation-based nursing model for the neonates with hemolytic jaundice can shorten their phototherapy time and hospitalization duration， and improve the discharge readiness by their patriarchs， and which is beneficial for controlling the recurrence of neonatal jaundice， reducing the re-admission rate， and without increase of the nosocomial infections.
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  Intervention effect of the pre-rehabilitation model combined with the Teach-back method for patients with uterine fibroid surgery

  GAO Ya, MA Yan, HU Yan, GUO Ailing

  2026, 34(1): 78.

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  To explore the intervention effect of the pre-rehabilitation model combined with the Teach-back method for patients with uterine fibroid surgery. Methods： 80 patients with uterine fibroids who wanted surgical treatment in the hospital were eslected and were divided into the two groups （40 cases in each group） by the random number table method from February 2024 to September 2025. The patients in the control group received the conventional care and the patients in the study group received the pre-rehabilitation mode combined with Teach-back method. The postoperative condition， the occurrence of complications， the knowledge mastery degree， the satisfaction with nursing， the changes of the anxiety status， the self-care ability of the daily living， the pain degree and Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） score before and after the intervention of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results： After intervention， the time of getting out of bed， the postoperative exhaust time and the hospitalization duration of the patients in the study group were significantly less than those of the patients in the control group， and the scores of self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）， numerical rating scale （NRS） and PSQI of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group. The activity of daily living scale （ADL） score or the degree of knowledge mastery of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the control group （all P＜0.05）. The satisfaction （97.5％） and the complications （2.5％） of the patients in the study group had no significantly different from those （90.0％ and 10.0％） of the patients in the control group （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： The application of the pre-rehabilitation model combined with the Teach-back method for the patients with uterine fibroid surgery has achieved remarkable effect， and which is helpful to promote the postoperative recovery and improve the quality of life of the patients.
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  Effects of the partner companionship combined with the free-position delivery for pregnant women on their delivery quality

  ZHANG Cui, YE Chunhua, MAO Minhong, ZHAO Yangyang

  2026, 34(1): 83.

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  To explore the effects of the partner companionship combined with the free-position delivery for pregnant women on their delivery quality. Methods： Totally 189 pregnant women who wanted natural delivery were selected and were divided into two groups according to the mode of delivery from January to June 30， 2025. 114 women in the control group were given traditional intervention during delivery， and 75 women in the study group were given the partner companionship combined with the free-position delivery. The labor process， the childbirth self-efficacy （CSEI） score， the delivery quality， the pain situation evaluated by visual analogue scale （VAS） score， the neonatal Apgar score and the psychological state evaluated by CD-RISC， SDS and SAS scores of the women were compared between the two groups. Results： The first stages of labor duration， the second stages of labor duration and the total labor duration of the women in the study group were significantly shorter than those of the women in the control group. The CSEI score （187.02±25.16 points） of the women in the study group was significantly higher than that （171.5±25.83 points） of the women in the control group. The bleeding amount during labor， the bleeding amount in 2 hours after delivery， and the postpartum hospital stay of the women in the study group were significantly less than those of the women in the control group. The VAS score （2.94±0.82 points） of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that （4.15±1.37 points） of the women in the control group （all P＜0.05）. After delivery， the GSES score （27.15±3.85 points） and the CD-RISC score （71.94±8.09 points） of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those （22.68±3.16 points and 66.13±7.56 points） of the women in the control group， and the SDS and SAS scores of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group （P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the Apgar score of the newborns between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： The combination of the partner companionship and the free-position delivery mode for the pregnant women can effectively optimize their delivery process， enhance their childbirth self-efficacy and delivery quality and alleviate their pain during delivery， and which has the positive effect on improving the psychological state of the women after delivery.
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  Influence of the diversified intervention model led by midwives for women with vaginal delivery on their delivery outcomes

  JIANG Peiying, CHEN Lingli, ZHANG Manman, HU Guanqiong

  2026, 34(1): 89.

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  To explore the influence of the diversified intervention model led by midwives for women with vaginal delivery on their delivery outcomes. Methods： A total of 98 pregnant women who wanted vaginal delivery were included and were divided into two groups （49 cases in each group） by random number table method from April 2022 to June 2024. The women in the two groups received the conventional nursing intervention， and the women in the study group received the diversified intervention model led by midwives additionally. The duration of labor， the adverse delivery outcomes， the pelvic floor muscle contraction strength grading and the changes of the negative emotion scale scores before and after intervention of the women were compared between the two groups. Results： The duration of labor （384.95±5.92 minutes） of the women in the study group was significantly shorter than that （412.65±6.66 minutes） of the women in the control group. The incidence of the adverse delivery outcomes （2.0％） of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that （16.3％） of the women in the control group. The pelvic floor muscle contraction strength grading of the women in the study group was significantly better than that of the women in the control group. The scores of the negative emotion scale of the women in both groups had decreased significantly， and which of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that of the women in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The diversified intervention model led by midwives for the women with vaginal delivery is helpful to improve their quality of care， shorten their duration of labor， reduce their adverse delivery outcomes and improve their pelvic floor function and negative emotions.
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  Correlation between the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound parameters values and the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of pregnant women with threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy and their outcomes after the fetal protection treatment

  FU Lili 1, WANG Yuping 2, HU Xiaotong 1

  2026, 34(1): 93.

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  To analyze the correlation between the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound parameters values and the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin （β-HCG） and 25-hydroxyvitamin D （25（OH）D） levels of pregnant women with threatened abortion （TA） during the first trimester of pregnancy and their outcomes after the fetal protection. Methods： The clinical data of 110 pregnant women with TA during the first trimester of pregnancy in the hospital from February 2022 to February 2025 were selected as study subjects. The values of the corpus luteum blood flow parameters， such as peak systolic velocity （PSV） and resistance index （RI）， and the uterine spiral artery blood flow parameters， such as pulsatility index （PI） and RI， and the serum β-HCG and 25（OH） D levels of the women were compared between the women with the fetal protection successes （in group A） and the women with the fetal protection failure （in group B） during the first trimester of pregnancy. The correlation between the values of the corpus luteum blood flow parameters and the uterine spiral artery blood flow parameters， and the serum β-HCG and 25（OH） D levels of the women and their outcomes after the fetal protection treatment was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of these indicators of the women with TA during the first trimester of pregnancy for their fetal protection failure. Results： The luteal blood flow PSV value and the levels of serum β-HCG and 25（OH） D of the women in group B were significantly lower than those of the women in group A， and the values of the luteal blood flow RI， and the uterine spiral artery blood flow PI and RI of the women in group B were significantly higher than those of the women in group A. The values of the luteum blood flow RI， and the uterine spiral artery flow PI and RI of the women with TA were positively correlated with their fetal protection failure， while the luteum blood flow PSV value and the levels of serum β-HCG and 25（OH） D of the women with TA were negatively correlated with their fetal protection failure （all P＜0.05）. ROC analysis showed that the luteum blood flow PSV value （AUC＝0.842）， the luteum blood flow RI value （AUC ＝0.813）， the uterine spiral artery blood flow PI value （AUC ＝0.830）， the uterine spiral artery blood flow RI value （AUC ＝0.839）， the serum β-HCG level （AUC ＝0.896） and the serum 25（OH） D level （AUC ＝0.845） of the women with TA had certain predictive value for their fetal protection failure during the first trimester of pregnancy. The AUC （0.988） of the combined luteum blood flow PSV and RI values， uterine spiral artery blood flow PI and RI values and serum β-HCG and 25（OH） D levels of the women with TA for predicting their fetal protection failure was significantly higher than that of the luteum blood flow PSV value or RI value， the uterine spiral artery blood flow PI value or RI value， or the serum β-HCG level or 25（OH） D level alone （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The combined detection of the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound parameters and the serum β-HCG and 25（OH） D levels of the women with TA can improve the predictive efficacy for their fetal protection failure during the first trimester of pregnancy， which can provide evidences for the early clinical assessment and treatment of the pregnant women with the threatened abortion.
  
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  Clinical value of the transvaginal or transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound combined with the clinical features of patients for the differential diagnosis of their uterine fibroids or adenomyosis

  WANG Meiyan 1, YU Ying 2

  2026, 34(1): 98.

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  To explore the clinical value of the transvaginal or transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound （TVCDS or TACDS） combined with the clinical features of patients for the differential diagnosis of their uterine fibroids （UF） or adenomyosis （AM）. Methods： From December 2021 to August 2025， 169 patients with the clinically diagnosed as UF or AM who visited the hospital were selected as research subjects. All the patients had completed TVCDS and TACDS examinations in the hospital. These patients were divided into two groups based on their pathological examination results as the gold standard， including the patients with UF in group A and the patients with AM in group B. The differences of the clinical data and the ultrasound signs of the patients were compared between the two groups. Kappa test was used to compare the consistency of TVCDS and TACDS for diagnosing UF or AM of the patients. Logical regression model was used to explore the influence of the clinical data and ultrasound signs of the patients on their UF and AM diagnosis. Results： The proportions of the increased leucorrhea and the menopause of the patients in group A were significantly higher than those of the patients in group B， and the proportion of the progressive dysmenorrhea of the patients in group A was significantly lower. The proportions of the ultrasound signs of the pseudocapsule on the surface of the tumor， the obvious boundary between the tumor and its surrounding muscular layer， and the multiple tumors of the patients with UF were significantly higher than those of the patients with AM. Compared with that of TACDS， TVCDS had more advantages in displaying the tumor. TVCDS demonstrated that the superior tumour visualisation with the clearer pseudocapsule delineation， the sharper margins， the more complete details and the higher detection rate of the tumor， particularly for the small tumours （＜1cm）. The increased leucorrhea， the pseudocapsule on the surface of the tumor， the obvious boundary between the tumor and its surrounding muscular layer， the clear boundary of the lesion and the multiple tumors of the patients might be the independent risk factors of their potential UF （all P＜0.05）. The diagnostic result of TVCDS or TACDS alone was moderately consistent with the surgical pathological results （Kappa＝0.644， 0.571）. The results of TACDS combined with TVCDS was also moderately consistent with the results of surgical pathology （Kappa ＝0.713）. The sensitivity and the accuracy of TACDS combined with TVCDS for diagnosing UF were significantly higher than those of TACDS or TVCDS alone. The diagnostic result of the combined TACDS， TVCDS and clinical features was highly consistent with the surgical pathological results （Kappa＝0.854）. The specificity and the accuracy of the combined TACDS， TVCDS and clinical features for diagnosing UF of the patients were better than those of TACDS combined with TVCDS， and alongside a significantly lower misdiagnosis rate （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The combined TACDS， TVCDS and clinical features can further enhance the differential diagnostic accuracy of UF or AM， and which can provide the reliable evidences for the selection of the clinical treatment.
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  Prognosis evaluation of pregnant women with threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy by the transvaginal ultrasound parameters combined with the white blood cell-derived indexes

  TU Yulin

  2026, 34(1): 104.

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  To explore the evaluated value of the transvaginal ultrasound parameters combined with the white blood cell-derived indexes for the prognosis of pregnant women with threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods： 97 pregnant women with the threatened abortion admitted to the hospital during the first trimester of pregnancy from January 2022 to December 2024 were enrolled in observation group， and 97 normal pregnant women who received prenatal examination during the same period were included in control group. The women in the observation group were followed up， and according to their prognosis， these women were further divided into group A （women with good prognosis of the successful fetal protection） and group B （women with poor prognosis group of the fetal protection failure）. The values of the vaginal ultrasound parameters， such as the gestational sac intervillus arterial blood flow resistance index （RI） and peak systolic velocity （PSV）， and the gestational sac diameter， and the leukocyte derived indicators of the women during the first trimester of pregnancy were compared between group A and group B. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to analyze the value of the transvaginal ultrasound parameters combined with the leukocyte derived indicators of the women with threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy for evaluating their prognosis. Results： The values of the gestational sac intervillus arterial blood flow RI， the NLR and the PLR of the women in observation group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group， the PSV value of the gestational sac intervillus arterial blood flow， the gestational sac diameter and the LMR value of the women in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group. The values of the gestational sac intervillus arterial blood flow RI， the NLR and the PLR of the women in group B were significantly higher than those of the women in group A， the PSV value of the gestational sac intervillus arterial blood flow， the gestational sac diameter and the LMR value of the women in group B were significantly lower than those of the women in group A （all P＜0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the vaginal ultrasound parameters combined with the leukocyte derived indicators of the women with threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy for evaluating their poor prognosis had the highest area under the curve （0.890）， with the sensitivity of 97.4％ and the specificity of 76.3％， and which were significantly better than those of the vaginal ultrasound parameters or the leukocyte derived indicator alone （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The transvaginal ultrasound parameters and the white blood cell-derived indexes of the pregnant women are related to their threatened abortion occurrence during the first trimester of pregnancy and to their prognosis， and the combined transvaginal ultrasound parameters and white blood cell-derived indexes of the pregnant women can increase the evaluated efficiency for the prognosis of the women with threatened abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy.
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  Application value of the multimodal ultrasound combined with the serum anti-Mullerian hormone level of women for diagnosing their premature ovarian insufficiency

  PENG Hui 1, 2, GUO Jun 1, YANG Jia 2, LONG Xiaohui 2, CHANG Ting 2

  2026, 34(1): 109.

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  To explore the diagnostic value of the multimodal ultrasound combined with the serum anti-Mullerian hormone （AMH） level of women for diagnosing their premature ovarian insufficiency （POI）. Methods： A total of 120 women with POI who visited the hospital from April 2023 to April 2025 were selected in study group， and 60 healthy women who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected in control group. The women in the study group were divided into group A （women with the FSH level ＞25 U/L and ≤40 U/L） and group B （women with the FSH level ＞40 U/L） according to the level of the follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） level of the women. The serum AMH level and the values of the multimodal ultrasound indicators， such as ovarian volume （OV）， antral follicle count （AFC）， vascularization index （VI）， vascularized flow index （VFI）， strain ratio （SR）， maximum elastic modulus （Emax） and mean elastic modulus （Emean）， of the women were compared among these groups. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to evaluate the value of the serum AMH level and the related ultrasound parameters values of the women for diagnosing their POI. Results： The values of OV， AFC， VI and VFI， and the serum AMH and estradiol （E2） levels of the women in the control group， in group A and in group B had decreased gradually. The values of SR， Emax and Emean， and the levels of the serum FSH， luteinizing hormone （LH） and testosterone （T） of the women in the control group， in group A and in group B had increased gradually （all P＜0.05）. The areas under the curve （AUC） of the values of OV， AFC， VI， VFI， SR， Emax and Emean， and the AMH level of the women in group A for diagnosing their POI were 0.914， 0.954， 0.933， 0.945， 0.942， 0.894， 0.937 and 0.940， respectively， while which of the women in group B for diagnosing their POI were 0.926， 0.958， 0.794， 0.842， 0.950， 0.850， 0.874 and 0.832， respectively. The AUC of the combined values of OV， AFC， VI， VFI， SR， Emax and Emean， and the AMH level of the women in group A or in group B for diagnosing their POI were 1.000. The ultrasound parameters of OV， AFC， VI and VFI， and the serum AMH level of the women with POI were negatively correlated with their FSH and LH levels， and were positively correlated with their E2 level. The ultrasound parameters of SR， Emax and Emean of the women with POI were positively correlated with their serum FSH and LH levels， and were negatively correlated with their E2 level （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The combined multimodal ultrasound parameters values and the serum AMH level of the women for diagnosing their POI has high value， and which can effectively increase the diagnosis sensitivity and specificity， and also can differentially diagnose POI of the women clearly.
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  Comparison of the value of the transvaginal four-dimensional hysterosalpingo -contrast sonography reconstruction and the three-dimensional hysterosalpingo -contrast sonography for diagnosing the tubal obstructive infertility of patients

  MA Liqiong, TANG Yuying, LI Qianmei

  2026, 34(1): 115.

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  To compare the value of the transvaginal four-dimensional hysterosalpingo -contrast sonography reconstruction （4D-HyCoSy） and the three-dimensional hysterosalpingo -contrast sonography （3D-HyCoSy） for diagnosing the tubal obstructive infertility of patients. Methods：A total of 112 infertile patients who visited the hospital from January 2022 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects. The results of the laparoscopic dye-infusion examination were taken as the "gold standard" for diagnosing the tubal obstructive infertility， the efficacy of 4D-HyCoSy and t3D-HyCoSy for diagnosing the tubal obstructive infertility of the patients were calculated and compared. At the same time， the image quality rate， the examination time， the contrast agent dosage and the pain evaluated by visual analogue scale （VAS） of the patients were analyzed and compared between 4D-HyCoSy and t3D-HyCoSy. Results：Based on the results of the laparoscopy， the sensitivity， the specificity and the accuracy of 4D-HyCoSy for diagnosing the tubal obstruction were significantly higher than those of 3D-HyCoSy （P＜0.05）. The image quality rate of 4D-HyCoSy was significantly higher than that of 3D-HyCoSy （P＜0.05）. The examination time and the contrast agent dosage of 4D-HyCoSy were significantly less than those of 3D-HyCoSy （P＜0.05）. Conclusion：4D-HyCoSy reconstruction technology for diagnosing tubal obstruction of the patients had more accurate than that of 3D-HyCoSy， and which can show the spatial course of the fallopian tubes more clearly and dynamically， and which has higher detective efficiency， so it has better clinical promotional value.
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  Influence of the prenatal hemoglobin level and the baseline characteristics of women with postpartum hemorrhage on their outcomes after blood transfusion therapy and their prediction efficacy

  XU Li, BU Fanbing, GENG Ge

  2026, 34(1): 120.

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  To explore the influence of the prenatal hemoglobin （Hb） level and the baseline characteristics of women with postpartum hemorrhage on their outcomes after blood transfusion therapy， and to study their prediction efficacy for the outcomes of the blood transfusion therapy. Methods： The clinical data of 85 women with postpartum hemorrhage admitted in the hospital from April 2021 to April 2025 were analyzed retrospectively. According to whether the women received blood transfusion therapy， these women were divided 31 cases with blood transfusion therapy in study group and 54 cases without blood transfusion therapy in control group. The differences of the levels of the prenatal hematological indexes， such as Hb， fibrinogen （FBG） and D-Dimer， and the baseline characteristics of the women were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors influencing the blood transfusion therapy of the women with postpartum hemorrhage. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to analyze the predictive values of the levels of Hb， FBG and D-Dimer， and the combined levels of the levels of Hb， FBG and D-Dimer of the women with postpartum hemorrhage for their outcomes after blood transfusion therapy. Results： The levels of Hb and D-Dimer of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group， while the FBG level of the women in the study group was significantly higher. There were significant differences in the delivery model， the pregnancy complications rate and the placenta previa conditions of the women between the two groups （all P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in the age， the parity and the gestational weeks of the women between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the cesarean section （OR ＝2.504）， the pregnancy complications （OR ＝2.328）， the placenta previa （OR ＝3.080）， the high Hb level （OR ＝3.445）， the low FBG level （OR ＝3.323） and the high D-Dimer level （OR ＝7.854） of the women with postpartum hemorrhage were the influencing factors of their blood transfusion therapy outcomes （all P＜0.05）. ROC analysis showed that the prediction efficacy of the combined levels of Hb， FBG and D-Dimer of the women with postpartum hemorrhage for their blood transfusion therapy （AUC ＝0.903） was significantly higher than that of the Hb level， the FBG level or the D-Dimer level alone （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The abnormal prenatal hematological indexes levels of the women with postpartum hemorrhage are the independent risk factors of their blood transfusion therapy and the combined levels of the Hb， FBG and D-Dimer of the women can improve the predictive efficiency for their outcomes of the blood transfusion therapy.
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  Correlation between the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3， adenornatous polyposis coil and P53 proteins in ovarian epithelial tumor tissues of patients and their lymphatic metastasis

  ZHAN Tingting 1, ZHAN Yan 2

  2026, 34(1): 125.

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  To explore the correlation between the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 （VEGFR-3）， adenornatous polyposis coil （APC） and P53 proteins in ovarian epithelial carcinoma （EOC） tissues of patients and their lymphatic metastasis. Methods： The cancer tissues from 81 patients with malignant EOC （in group A） who had undergone the surgical treatment in the hospital were collected between April 2022 and January 2024， while the ovarian epithelial tissues from benign EOC of 26 patients （in group B） were collected and the normal ovarian epithelial tissues of 26 patients with benign EOC （in group C） were collected. The expressions of VEGFR-3， APC and P53 proteins in these different tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry， and the expressions of VEGFR-3， APC and P53 proteins of the patients were compared among the three groups. According to presence or absence of lymphatic metastasis， the patients in group A were divided into group A1 （patients with lymphatic metastasis） and group A2 （patients without lymphatic metastasis）. The pathological parameters and the protein expressions of the patients were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the expression of the each protein of the patients and their lymph node metastasis was analyzed. Results：The positive rates of VEGFR-3 and P53 protein of the patients in group A were significantly higher than those of the patients in group B and in group C， the positive rate of APC protein of the patients in group A was significantly lower than that of the patients in group B and in group C， and the positive rate of APC protein of the patients in group B was significantly lower than that of the patients in group C （P＜0.05）. In group A， there were 42 （51.9％） cases with lymph node metastasis. The positive rates of VEGFR-3 and P53 proteins of the patients in group A1 were significantly higher than those of the patients in group A2， and the positive rate of APC protein of the patients in group A1 was significantly lower than that of the patients in group A2. The protein positive rate of the patients with EOC and with N2 and N3 stage of lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that of the patients with EOC and with N1 stage of lymph node metastasis， and the positive rate of APC of the patients with EOC and with N2 and N3 stage of lymph node metastasis was significantly lower （all P＜0.05）. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the tumor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ， the poor differentiation and the positive VEGFR-3 protein of the patients with EOC were the independent risk factors of their lymph node metastasis （P＜0.05）. The positive rates of VEGFR-3 protein and the P53 protein of the patients were negatively correlated with their APC protein positive rate， and the positive rate of VEGFR-3 protein of the patients was positively correlated with their P53 protein positive rate （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The positive expression rates of VEGFR-3 and P53 proteins in the EOC tissue of the patients increase， while the positive expression rate of APC protein in EOC tissues decreases， and all of which are all related to the lymphatic metastasis of the patients. The positive VEGFR-3 protein， the tumor staging III-IV and the poorly differentiated tumor of the patients are the independent influencing factors of their lymphatic metastasis.
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  Value of the uterine artery resistance index combined with the serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of pregnant women with dangerous placenta previa for predicting their postpartum hemorrhage

  SHEN Sihang, CHU Rongrong, GAO Yan

  2026, 34(1): 131.

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  To explore the value of the uterine artery resistance index （UtA-RI） combined with the serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of pregnant women with dangerous placenta previa for predicting their postpartum hemorrhagea. Methods： The clinical data of 128 pregnant women with dangerous placenta previa who visited the hospital from January 2023 to June 2025 were selected in this study. These women were divided into group A （86 cases with postpartum hemorrhage） and group B （42 cases without postpartum hemorrhage） based on their postpartum hemorrhage occurred or not. The abdominal ultrasound was used to detect the UtA-RI of the women in the two groups. ELISA method was used to detect the levels of serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 expressions of the women in the two groups. The relative risk analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of the different UtA-RI value and the different T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of the women with dangerous placenta previa on their postpartum hemorrhage. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the factors affecting the postpartum hemorrhage of the women with dangerous placenta previa. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to analyze the predictive values of the UtA-RI value， and the serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of the women with dangerous placenta previa for their postpartum hemorrhage. In addition， the decision curve analysis （DCA） was used to validate the clinical applicability of the predictive model. Results： The UtA-RI value and the levels of serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 of the women in group A were significantly lower than those of the women in group B， and the proportions of the cesarean section ≥2 times and the abortion ≥2 times of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B （all P＜0.05）. The risk of the postpartum hemorrhage of the women with the low UtA-RI value， the low serum T-cadherin level or the low Fibulin-3 level was 1.815， 1.771， or 1.612 times higher than that of the women with high UtA-RI value and serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels （P＜0.05）. The low UtA-RI value， and the low serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels， the cesarean section ≥2 times and the abortion ≥2 times of the women with dangerous placenta previa were the independent risk factors of their postpartum hemorrhage （P＜0.05）. The area under the curve （AUC） of the UtA-RI value， the serum T-cadherin level， and the Fibulin-3 level of the women with dangerous placenta previa for predicting their postpartum hemorrhage were 0.826， 0.901 and 0.926， respectively. The AUC of the combination of the uta-RI value， and the serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of the women with dangerous placenta previa for predicting their postpartum hemorrhage was 0.979， which was significantly higher than that of the UtA-RI value， the serum T-cadherin level， or the Fibulin-3 level alone （P＜0.05）. When the high risk threshold was 0.24-0.95， the net benefit rate of the UtA-RI value combine with the T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of the women with dangerous placenta previa for predicting their postpartum hemorrhage was significantly better than that of the UtA-RI value， the serum T-cadherin level， or the Fibulin-3 level alone. Conclusion： The UtA-RI value combined with the serum T-cadherin and Fibulin-3 levels of the women with dangerous placenta previa for their postpartum hemorrhage has the high predictive value.
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  Risk factor analysis and the countermeasures of the hypothermia of patients in the post-anesthesia care unit after the laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection under general anesthesia

  LIU Pei, QI Chun, PI Jiangang, NIE Fei, YU Huangli, KUANG Yuan

  2026, 34(1): 137.

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  To investigate the risk factors of the hypothermia of patients in the post-anesthesia care unit （PACU） after the laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection under general anesthesia. Methods： The clinical data of 168 patients who underwent the general anesthesia for the laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection in the hospital from January 2022 to March 2025 were collected retrospectively. These patients were divided into group A （the patients with hypothermia） and group B （the patients without hypothermia） based on their occurrence of hypothermia in the PACU. The clinical data of the patients were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of the hypothermia occurrence in the PACU of patients after the laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection under general anesthesia， and a regression prediction model was constructed based on these influencing factors. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to analyze the predictive performance of the constructed regression prediction model for the hypothermia occurrence in the PACU of patients after the laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection. Results： The incidence of the hypothermia of the patients in the PACU after laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection under general anesthesia was 31.6％ （53/168）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative fasting time ＞12h and the anesthesia duration ≥3h of the patients were the independent risk factors of their hypothermia occurrence in the PACU， while the higher initial room temperature control and the forced-air warming blankets used for the patients were the protective factors of their hypothermia occurrence in the PACU （all P＜0.05）. ROC curve showed that the area under the curve （AUC） of the prediction model for the hypothermia occurrence of the patients in the PACU was 0.953 （95％CI： 0.918-0.988）， and the sensitivity and the specificity of which were 84.9％ and 97.4％. The calibration curve showed that the predicted curve was close to the ideal curve， and the absolute mean error was 0.028. Conclusion： The preoperative fasting time， the anesthesia duration， the initial operating room temperature control and the forced-air warming blankets used of the patients in the PACU are the important influencing factors of their hypothermia occurrence in the PACU after the laparoscopic ovarian tumor resection under general anesthesia， with the good predictive performance， so the targeted intervention measures can be taken based on these influencing factors.
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  Analysis of the related factors of the intrapartum fever and the pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with epidural labor analgesia

  YANG Yueqin, FENG Dongting, LU Fengying

  2026, 34(1): 143.

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  To analyze the factors influencing intrapartum fever of pregnant women with epidural labor analgesia， and to study the correlation between the intrapartum fever of the women and their pregnancy outcomes. Methods： A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 130 pregnant women who had undergone the trial of vaginal delivery under the epidural labor analgesia in the hospital from March 2024 to March 2025. These women were divided into group A （women with intrapartum fever） and group B （women without intrapartum fever） based on the occurrence of their intrapartum fever. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the intrapartum fever of the women and the correlation between the intrapartum fever of the women and their pregnancy outcomes. Results： There were 41 cases with intrapartum fever in 130 women， and the intrapartum fever rate was 31.5％. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of the intrapartum fever of the women with epidural labor analgesia included the longer time from fetal membrane rupture to fetal delivery， the higher prenatal body mass index， the more vaginal examinations， the meconium contamination of amniotic fluid， the long total duration of labor and the long duration of analgesia to delivery. The cesarean section rate （24.4％） and the rate of the neonates transferred to the neonatal department （34.2％） of the women in group A were significantly higher than those （10.1％ and 16.9％） of the women in group B （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The intrapartum fever of the women with epidural labor analgesia is associated with multiple factors. The intrapartum fever of the women increases their risk of cesarean section and neonatal transferred to neonatal department rate. The intrapartum fever induced by the epidural labor analgesia can be effectively controlled by the identifying key risk factors and the implementing targeted interventions， so as to improve the pregnancy outcomes of the women.
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  Correlation between the values of the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio， the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio of perimenopausal women and their metabolic syndrome

  LING Yunguang, JIANG Mingfu

  2026, 34(1): 148.

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  To explore the correlation between the values of the monocyte /high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio （MHR）， the neutrophil /lymphocyte ratio （NLR） and the C-reactive protein /albumin ratio （CAR） of perimenopausal women and their metabolic syndrome （MS）. Methods： A total of 92 perimenopausal women with MS in the hospital were enrolled in study group between January 2023 and January 2024 and 92 healthy perimenopausal women in control group during the same period. The values of MHR， NLR and CAR of the patients were detected and were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic values of the MHR， NLR and CAR values of the women for their perimenopausal MS was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve. The risk factors of MS of the perimenopausal women were analyzed by logistic model. The correlation between the MHR， NLR and CAR values of the patients with MS and their levels of the sex hormones， such as luteinizing hormone （LH）， estradiol （E2） and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results： There were significant differences in the age， the body mass index （BMI）， the age at menarche， the high-oil diet and the lack of exercise of the women between the two groups. The values of MHR， NLR and CAR of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the combined values of MHR， NLR and CAR （0.908） of the women for their perimenopausal MS was significantly higher than that the MHR value， the NLR value or the CAR value alone （all P＜0.05）. Logistic models showed that the age ≥50 years old （OR ＝3.118）， the BMI ≥24kg/m2 （OR ＝3.149）， the menarche age ＜12 years old （OR ＝4.144）， the high oil diet （OR ＝3.692）， the lack of exercise （OR ＝3.056）， the MHR value ≥0.36 （OR ＝8.764）， the NLR value ≥2.01 （OR＝4） 333） and the CAR value ≥0.24 （OR＝8.470） of the perimenopausal women were the independent risk factors of their MS. The levels of LH and FSH of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group， while the E2 level of the women in the study group was significantly lower. The MHR， NLR and CAR values of the perimenopausal women were positively correlated with their LH and FSH levels， and were negatively correlated with their E2 level （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The values of the MHR， NLR and CAR of the perimenopausal women with MS are abnormally increased， and which are all closely related to the sex hormones of the women. The combined detection of the MHR， NLR and CAR of the perimenopausal women has higher diagnostic efficiency for their MS.
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  Correlation between the expression levels of the serum tumor endothelial marker 8 and high mobility group A1 of women with endometriosis and their clinical symptoms

  DING Qipei, LU Yuemei, CHEN Wei, WANG Hui, LU Hong

  2026, 34(1): 154.

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  To investigate the correlation between the expression levels of the serum tumor endothelial marker 8 （TEM8） and high mobility group A1 （HMGA1） of women with endometriosis （EMs） and their clinical symptoms. Methods： A total of 122 women with EMs who admitted to the hospital from December 2019 to December 2024 were selected in study group， and another 100 healthy women who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected in control group. According to the revised American fertility society （r-AFS） staging criteria， 122 women in the study group were staged of their EMs. The levels of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 of the women were detected and were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was drawn to determine the cut-off values of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 levels. The correlation between the levels of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 of the women with EMs and their clinical symptoms was explored. The correlation between the serum TEM8 level of the women with EMs and their HMGA1 level was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results： The levels of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group. With the aggravation of r-AFS stage of the women in the study group， the levels of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 increased gradually. The serum TEM8 level of the women in the study group was positively correlated with their serum HMGA1 level （all P＜0.05）. The areas under the curve of the serum TEM8 level， the HMGA1 level and the combination of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 levels of the women for diagnosing their EMs were 0.746， 0.822 and 0.917， respectively. The best cut-off values of the serum TEM8 level and the HMGA1 level of the women for diagnosing their EMs were 120.93pg/ml and 11.14ng/ml. According to the cut-off value， these women were divided into group A1 （69 cases with the high TEM8 level） and group A2 （53 cases with the low TEM8 level）， and group B1 （64 cases with the high HMGA1 level） and group B2 （58 cases with the low HMGA1 level）. The scores of the dyspurunia， the pelvic pain， the dysmenorrhea and the anal distension of the women in group A1 and in group B1 were significantly higher than those of the women in group A2 and in group B2 （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The levels of the serum TEM8 and HMGA1 of the women with EMs are highly expressed， and which are closely related to their r-AFS staging and clinical symptoms. The serum TEM8 and HMGA1 of the women may be involved in the occurrence and development of their EMs. The serum TEM8 and HMGA1 levels of the women for diagnosing their Ems has higher efficacy.
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  Correlation between the serum vitamin A and D levels of pregnant women with hypertension disorders of pregnancy and their pregnancy outcomes

  PEI Mengran, HOU Xuejing, LU Chunmei, ZHANG Ji, QI Junqiao

  2026, 34(1): 159.

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  To investigate the correlation between the serum vitamin A and D levels of pregnant women with hypertension disorders of pregnancy （HDP） and their pregnancy outcomes. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 280 pregnant women with HDP from January 2022 to December 2024. According to the perinatal outcomes， these women were divided into group A （219 cases with normal outcomes） and group B （61 cases with adverse outcomes）. The clinical data of the women were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women. The predictive values of the vitamin A and serum 25 （OH） D levels of the women for their pregnancy outcome were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve. Results： There were 84 （30.0％） women with serum vitamin A insufficiency， 192 （68.6％） women with normal serum vitamin A， and 4 （1.4％） women with serum vitamin A excess. There were 96 （34.3％） women with serum 25（OH） D insufficiency， 173 （61.8％） women with normal serum 25（OH） D and 11 （3.9％） women with serum 25（OH） D excess. The levels of vitamin A and serum 25（OH） D of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B. Multivariate analysis showed that the decrease of vitamin A and serum 25（OH）D levels of the pregnant women with HDP were the independent factors influencing their pregnancy outcomes （P＜0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve （AUC） of the vitamin A level and the serum 25（OH）D level of the pregnant women with HDP for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.690 and 0.714. The AUC， the sensitivity and the specificity of the combination of the vitamin A level and the serum 25（OH） D levels of the pregnant women with HDP for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.846， 70.5％ and 90.0％， respectively. Conclusion： The decrease of the serum vitamin A and vitamin D levels of the pregnant women with HDP are the independent influencing factors of their pregnancy outcomes. The combined of the serum vitamin A and vitamin D levels of the pregnant women with HDP can predict their adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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  Predictive value of the uterine artery blood flow combined with the ratio of fetal middle cerebral artery to umbilical artery of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy for their adverse pregnancy outcomes

  HAN Lisha, WANG Yanhua, DONG Ni

  2026, 34(1): 164.

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  To investigate the predictive value of the uterine artery blood flow combined with the ratio of fetal middle cerebral artery （MCA） to umbilical artery （UA） of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy （HDP） for their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods： A total of 108 pregnant women with HDP who underwent regular prenatal examinations and delivered in the hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were enrolled in this study. Based on the pregnancy outcomes， these women were divided into group A （66 women with normal pregnancy outcomes） and group B （42 women with adverse pregnancy outcomes）. All the women underwent ultrasound examinations to measure their values of the uterine artery pulsatility index （PI）， resistance index （RI） and ratio of peak systolic to end-diastolic velocity （S/D）. The values of the fetal MCA-PI and UA-PI and the MCA/UA ratio of the women were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis was employed to evaluate the efficacy of these indexes of the women for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results： The values of the uterine artery PI， RI， S/D （0.94±0.26， 0.54±0.16 and 2.23±0.46） of the women in group A were significantly lower than those （1.19±0.27， 0.69±0.19 and 2.79±0.52） of the women in group B. The MCA/UA （1.41±0.42） of the women in group A was significantly higher than that （1.03±0.31） of the women in group B （all P＜0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve （AUC） of the uterine artery PI value， the RI value， the S/D， the MCA/UA value and the combined value of the PI， RI， S/D and MCA/UA of the women with HDP for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.751， 0.739， 0.792， 0.775 and 0.899， respectively. Conclusion： The uterine artery blood flow parameters values and the fetal MCA/UA ratio of the women with HDP have good predictive value for their adverse pregnancy outcomes， and the predictive efficacy of the combined uterine artery blood flow parameters values and the fetal MCA/UA ratio of the women is the best.
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  Analysis of the risk factors of the development of the clinically atypical preeclampsia -eclampsia of pregnant women during the first-trimester of pregnancy

  BAI Lili 1, GU Yibo 1, RONG Qianjun 2, LENG Huimin 3

  2026, 34(1): 168.

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  To explore the risk factors of the development of the clinically atypical preeclampsia -eclampsia （PE-E） of pregnant women during the first-trimester of pregnancy. Methods： A total of 116 pregnant women with PE-E （in study group） who underwent prenatal check-ups and delivered in the hospital from May 2024 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects retrospectively. During the same period， 78 healthy pregnant women were selected in control group. The women in the study group were divided into group A （women with typical PE-E） and group B （women with atypical PE-E） based on the PE-E occurrence situation. The related clinical data and the perinatal outcomes of the women in these groups were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of the atypical PE occurrence of the women. Results： In 116 women， there were 86 cases in group A and 30 cases in group B. There was no significant difference in the maternal risk factors of the women between group A and group B （P＞0.05）， but the incidence of the adverse perinatal outcomes， such as the premature delivery， the cesarean section， and the low birth weight newborns， of the women in the group A and in the group B were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age ＞35 years old， the pre-pregnancy body mass index ＞24 kg/m2， the smoking， the first pregnancy and the family history of hypertension of the pregnant women were the independent risk factors of their atypical PE-E. Conclusion： The pregnant women with atypical PE-E have the higher incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes. The advanced age， the overweight， the smoking， the first pregnancy and the family history of hypertension of the pregnant women are all the risk factors of their atypical PE-E occurrence during the first-trimester of pregnancy.
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  Analysis of the influencing factors of the delayed onset of the Ⅱ stage lactogenesis of primiparas with overweight or obese

  XU Fengjuan, ZHU Xun, SHEN Min, ZHANG Yihong

  2026, 34(1): 173.

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  To explore the factors influencing of the delayed onset of theⅡstage lactogenesis of primiparas with overweight or obese. Methods： A retrospective selection of the clinical data of 122 primiparas with overweight or obese who visited the hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 was conducted. The primiparas were divided into group A （38 cases with the delayed onset of theⅡstage lactogenesis） and group B （84 cases without the delayed onset of theⅡstage lactogenesis） based on whether the initiation of the II stage lactogenesis of the primiparas delayed or not. The influencing factors of the delayed onset of theⅡstage lactogenesis of the primiparas with overweight or obese were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results： Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age （OR ＝6.513）， the weight gain during pregnancy （OR ＝1.915）， the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy （OR ＝8.951）， the gestational diabetes mellitus （OR ＝9.089）， the cesarean section （OR＝11.603）， the postpartum hemorrhage （OR ＝5.310）， the anxiety （OR＝5.024）， the breastfeeding initiation time （OR＝6.820）， the frequency of breastfeeding （OR＝4.771） and the awareness of breastfeeding （OR ＝0.820） of the primiparas with overweight or obese were significantly associated with their delayed onset of Ⅱstage lactogenesis （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The advanced age， the high gestational weight gain， the pregnancy complications， the cesarean section of the delivery mode， the postpartum hemorrhage， the adverse psychological status and the low awareness of breastfeeding of the primiparas with overweight or obese all influence their onset of Ⅱstage lactogenesis.
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  Effects of the early neonatal care based on group model for neonates with cesarean section on their breastfeeding and adverse outcomes

  ZOU Ya, CHEN Yulan, YANG Fang, WEI Nan

  2026, 34(1): 178.

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  To explore the effects of the early neonatal care based on group model for neonates with cesarean section on their breastfeeding and adverse outcomes. Methods： A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 202 neonates with cesarean section who admitted to the hospital from January 2024 to December 2024. These neonates were divided into two groups （101 cases in each group） according to the different nursing methods. The neonates in the two groups received the conventional obstetric nursing intervention， while the neonates in the study group received the early neonatal health care intervention based on the group model additionally. The data of the neonates was compared between the two groups. These data included the first breastfeeding situation and the exclusive breastfeeding rates evaluated by the breastfeeding assessment tool （BAT） in 3 days and in 3 months after birth， the adverse outcomes （complications rate）， the umbilical cord healing time， the umbilical cord detachment time， the body temperature immediately after birth and at 1h and 2h after birth， the sleep status scores in 1 day and in 2 days after birth of the neonates， and the maternal satisfaction rate. Results： The BAT score （8.91±0.58 points） of the neonates in the study group was significantly better than that （7.76±0.64 points） of the neonates in the control group. The rates of the exclusive breastfeeding of the neonates in the study group in 3 days and in 3 months after birth （97.0％ and 89.1％） were significantly higher than those （89.1％ and 77.2％） of the neonates in the control group. The complication rate （1.0％） of the neonates in the study group was significantly lower than that （7.9％） of the neonates in the control group. The healing time of the umbilicus and the time of umbilical cord detachment of the neonates in the study group were significantly shorter than those of the neonates in the control group. The body temperatures of the neonates in the study group at 1h and 2h after birth were significantly higher than those in the control group. The sleep state scores of the neonates in the study group in 1 day， in 2 days and in 3 days after birth were significantly better than those of the neonates in the control group. The maternal satisfaction rate of the neonates in the study group was significantly higher than that of the neonates in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The early neonatal health care based on the group model for the neonates with cesarean section can improve the neonatal nursing level， improve the situation of the neonatal breastfeeding and adverse outcomes， and increase the maternal satisfaction and recognition.
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  Analysis of the influencing factors of the postpartum weight retention of pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obese and gestational diabetes mellitus

  YANG Fengping1, TANG Qiaolan2, WANG Jianying3

  2026, 34(1): 183.

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  To explore the influencing factors of the postpartum weight retention of pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obese and gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）. Methods： A prospective study was conducted on 103 pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight /obese and GDM who visited the hospital from August 2022 to August 2024. 1 year of follow-up was conducted for these women after delivery to investigate their weight retention situation. These women were divided into group A （53 cases with the weight retention situation） and group B （50 cases without the weight retention situation） based on whether the women experienced the weight retention in 1 postpartum year. The clinical data of the women were collected， and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of the postpartum weight retention of the pregnant women with GDM in 1 postpartum year. Results： The weight retention of the women with pre-pregnancy overweight /obese and GDM in postpartum 1 month， 3 months， 6 months and 1 year were 7.14±3.53 kg， 5.49±1.25 kg， 3.57±0.72 kg， and 0.45±0.18 kg， respectively. The incidence of the weight retention of the women in 1 postpartum year was 51.5％ （53/103）. Logistic regression results indicated that the pre-pregnancy BMI （OR ＝3.282）， the gestational weight gain （OR ＝1.177）， the unregular exercise （OR ＝3.943）， the sleep duration （OR ＝5.718） and the exclusive breastfeeding （OR ＝3.589） of the women with pre-pregnancy overweight /obesity and GDM were all associated with the risk of their postpartum weight retention （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The pre-pregnancy BMI， the gestational weight gain， the exclusive breastfeeding and the lifestyle of the women with pre-pregnancy overweight /obesity and GDM are all correlation with their postpartum weight retention， and the comprehensive management based on which for the women can effectively promote their postpartum weight recovery.
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  Correlation between the fasting plasma glucose level and the body mass index of patients with endometrial cancer and the progression risk of their endometrial cancer

  CHEN Yini, OUYang Yiqin, SHE Yaqiong

  2026, 34(1): 188.

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  To investigate the correlation between the fasting plasma glucose （FPG） level and the body mass index （BMI） of patients with endometrial cancer and the progression risk of their endometrial cancer. Methods： The clinical data and the pathological results of 148 patients with endometrial cancer who treated in the hospital from June 2018 to June 2023 were selected in this study retrospectively. These patients were followed up for 2 years after surgery and were divided into group A （64 cases with the progression of endometrial cancer） and group B （84 cases without the progression of endometrial cancer） based on whether these patients experienced endometrial cancer recurrence， metastasis， or tumor-related death or not. The clinical data and the laboratory data of the patients were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the relevant factors affecting the progression of the endometrial cancer of the patients. The values of FPG and BMI levels of the patients for predicting the progression of their endometrial cancer was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve. Results： Logistic regression results showed that the advanced age （OR ＝1.260）， the higher body mass index （OR ＝1.630）， the number of births ≤ 1 times （OR ＝8.211）， the pathological type of the non-endometrioid adenocarcinoma （OR ＝11.283）， the FIGO stageⅢ-Ⅳof endometrial cancer （OR ＝9.537）， the lymph node metastasis （OR ＝9.005）， the muscle layer invasion depth ＞1/2 （OR ＝4.050）， the diabetes （OR ＝5.106） and the high fasting plasma glucose （FPG） level （OR ＝7.224） of the patients with endometrial cancer were all the risk factors of their postoperative disease progression （all P＜0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve，the sensitivity and the specificity of the combined FPG level and BMI value of the patients with endometrial cancer for predicting their postoperative disease progression were 0.873， 79.7％ and 85.7％， respectively. Conclusion： The combined detections of FPG level and BMI value of the patients with endometrial cancer for evaluating their postoperative disease progression has significant application value.
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  Risk factors of the cow’ s milk protein allergy of infants aged 0-1 year old and their predictive values for the cow’s milk protein allergy of the infants

  ZHAO Chunqiao1, TANG Jiahui2

  2026, 34(1): 193.

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  To analyze the risk factors of the cow’ s milk protein allergy （CMPA） of infants aged 0～1 year old， and to evaluate the predictive values of these risk factors of the infants for their CMPA. Methods： A total of 200 infants aged 0～1 year old with the suspected CMPA admitted to the hospital from October 2022 to March 2024 were selected as the research subjects. These infants were divided into group A （45 cases with CMPA） and group B （155 cases without CMPA） based on whether the CMPA occurrence or not. The clinical data of the infants and their mothers in the two groups were collected retrospectively. The risk factors of CMPA of the infants were explored by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was adopted to analyze the predictive values of the risk factors of the infant for their CMPA occurrence. Results： The rates of the maternal antibiotic used during pregnancy， the paternal or maternal allergic history， the maternal anemia during pregnancy and the non- exclusive breastfeeding of the infants in group A were all significantly higher than those of the infants in group B （all P＜0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of the maternal antibiotic used during pregnancy， the paternal or maternal allergic history， the maternal anemia during pregnancy， and the non- exclusive breastfeeding of the infants aged 0～1 years old were the high-risk factors of their CMPA （OR ＝3.967， 4.154， 4.594 and 1.791， and all P＜0.05）. ROC curve showed that the area under the curve，the sensitivity and the specificity of the combination of the maternal antibiotic used during pregnancy， the paternal or maternal allergic history， the maternal anemia during pregnancy and the non- exclusive breastfeeding of the infants aged 0～1 years old for predicting their CMPA were 0.838， 79.0％ and 88.7％， respectively， and which were significantly superior to the history of the maternal antibiotic used during pregnancy， the paternal or maternal allergic history， the maternal anemia during pregnancy or the non- exclusive breastfeeding alone （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The occurrence of CMPA of the infants aged 0～1 year old is affected by many factors， including the maternal antibiotic used during pregnancy， the paternal or maternal allergy history， the maternal anemia during pregnancy and non-exclusive breastfeeding. The combined evaluation of the maternal antibiotic used during pregnancy， the paternal or maternal allergic history， the maternal anemia during pregnancy and the non- exclusive breastfeeding of the infants aged 0～1 years old can provide early warning signals for their CMPA occurrence. Therefore， it is necessary to screen these factors and to take prevention and control measures as early as possible in clinical practice.
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  Application effect of the midwife's full-process active empathy intervention combined with the staged position management for primiparas during their natural delivery

  SHI Ziye, MU Lanfang, FENG Dongting

  2026, 34(1): 199.

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  To observe the application effect of the midwife's full-process active empathy intervention （MFAEI） combined with the staged position management （SPM） for primiparas during their natural delivery. Methods： A total of 102 primiparas who wanted natural delivery in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups by the random number table method from September 2023 to February 2024. The primiparas in the two groups were given the routine obstetric care and 51 primiparas in the study group were given the MFAEI combined with the SPM additionally. The labor duration， the voluntary exertion duration， the mode of delivery， the perineal conditions， the adverse maternal and infant outcomes and the scores of the visual analogue scale （VAS） and the childbirth experience questionnaire （CEQ） of the primiparas were compared between the two groups. Results： The labor duration of the primiparas in the study group was significantly shorter than that of the primiparas in the control group. The voluntary exertion time （32.51±7.64min） of the primiparas the study group was significantly shorter than that （45.26±9.87min） of the primiparas in the control group. The rates of the natural delivery （92.2％） and the perineum integrity （49.0％） of the primiparas in the study group were significantly higher than those （76.5％ and 11.8％） of the primiparas in the control group. The scores of the all dimensions of CEQ of the primiparas in the study group were significantly higher than those of the primiparas in the control group. The rates of the perineal Ⅱ degree laceration， the perineal laceration， the perineal episiotomy， the uterine inertia， the postpartum hemorrhage and the neonatal asphyxia， and the VAS score of the primiparas in the study group were all significantly lower than those of the primiparas in the control group （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The application of the MFAEI combined with the SPM for the primiparas during the natural delivery can shorten their labor duration and voluntary exertion duration， increase their natural delivery rate， protect their perineal integrity， improve their maternal and infant outcomes， alleviate their pain and enhance their delivery experience.
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  Chromosomal karyotype analysis of 19252 couples of childbearing age and its impact on the fertility of the couples

  FANG Chunchun, WANG Jie, WANG Fang, YU Xianghua, CHU Xuelian

  2026, 34(1): 204.

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  To investigate the chromosomal karyotype analysis of couples of childbearing age， and to study its impact on the fertility of the couples. Methods： The clinical data of 19，252 couples who had undergone chromosomal karyotype analysis in the hospital from January 2022 to July 2024 were collected. The chromosomal karyotypes of these couples were analyzed by the AutoVision intelligent chromosome karyotype analysis system. Results： In 19252 couples of childbearing age， there were 1025 cases with the abnormal chromosome karyotype， and with the total abnormal rate of 2.66％ （1025/38504）， and among them， the abnormal rate （3.10％） of the males was significantly higher than that （2.23％） of the females （P＝0.043）. The fertility of 80 couples had affected， and all of which were one of the couples was fertility. And among them， 27 of 45 males and 13 of 35 females were found to have the abnormal chromosome karyotype， there were 13 cases with infertility， 21 cases with one abortion， 19 cases with two or more abortions， 5 cases with birth defects and 22 cases with embryonic arrest /stillbirth. Among 80 couples， there were 40 cases with the normal karyotype and 40 cases with the abnormal chromosome karyotype， and there was significant difference in the fertility between the couples with and without normal chromosome karyotype （P＝0.006）. Among the couples with the abnormal chromosome karyotype， the numbers of embryonic arrest /stillbirth of the couples were large， including 2 cases with infertility， 9 cases with once abortion， 9 cases with ≥2 times of abortion， 3 cases with birth defects and 17 cases with embryonic arrest or stillbirth. The types of the chromosomal abnormalities of the couples included 27 cases with the chromosome structural abnormalities， 9 cases with the chromosome polymorphism and 4 cases with the numerical abnormalities. In 27 couples with the chromosome structural abnormalities， there were 10 cases with the balanced translocation， 8 cases with Robertsonian translocation， 5 cases with chromosome inversion， and 4 cases with chromosome deletion. In 4 cases with the numerical abnormalities， there were 4 cases with Mosaic chromosomes. There were 8， 3， 4， 4， 8 and 3 abnormal karyotypes detected in 10 cases with the balanced translocation， 8 cases with Robertsonian translocation， 5 cases with chromosome inversion， 4 cases with chromosome deletion， 9 cases with the chromosome polymorphism and 4 cases with Mosaic chromosomes， respectively. The chromosomal abnormalities， such as the chromosomal structural deletion and chromosome polymorphism， of the couples might represent infertility. The chromosomal abnormalities， such as the balanced translocation， the Robertsonian translocation， the inversion and the chromosome polymorphism， of the couples might represent the abortion， and the abortion number of the couples with balanced translocation was the most. The chromosomal abnormalities， such as the Robertsonian translocation， deletion and Mosaic chromosomes， of the couples might represent the birth defects of their offspring. Conclusion： The chromosomal karyotype abnormalities of the couples of childbearing age can affect their reproductive health. Particularly， the balanced translocations and Robertsonian translocations are the most significant abnormal karyotype types of the couples affecting their fertility， with the most prominent clinical manifestations of the embryonic arrest /fetal death and the miscarriage. The couples with the adverse pregnancy outcomes history should be given chromosomal karyotype analysis before the next pregnancy to minimize their risk of neonatal abnormalities.
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  Analysis of the correlation between the cervix high risk human papillomavirus virus infection of patients with positive HIV and their cervical lesions

  TANG Lianhua, CHEN Lin, GAO Yuhuan, LONG Bin

  2026, 34(1): 209.

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  To investigate the correlation between the cervix high-risk human papillomavirus virus （hrHPV） infection of patients with positive human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） and their cervical lesions. Methods： A total of 167 HIV-positive patients who admitted the infection gynecology clinic from January2018 to March 2025 were enrolled in study group. 120 patients undergoing cervical cancer screening were included in control group during the same period. All the patients had undergone HPV screening and liquid-based cytology （LBC） test， and if necessary， the colposcopy-guided biopsy of the patients was conducted， and the HIV viral load， the levels of CD4＋， CD8＋ and the CD4＋/CD8＋ value of the patients were measured. The patients in the study group were further divided into group A （patients with positive hrHPV） and group B （patients with negative hrHPV）. Results： The rates of the HPV infection， the multiple HPV infection， the abnormal cytological results， the other vaginal infectious disease and the cervical lesions of the patients in the study group were all significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group （P＜0.05）. The HPV infection rate of the patients in the study group was 70.1％， among which， the hrHPV infection rate of the patients was 54.5％ （91 cases）. The top four proportions of hrHPV types infection were HPV16， HPV52， HPV58 and HPV18. The rates of the single hrHPV infection， the double hrHPV infection， the triple hrHPV infection and the quadruple hrHPV infection of the patients were 61.5％， 28.6％， 7.7％ and 2.2％， respectively. There were 91 patients in group A and 26 patients in group B. The rates of the double， the triple or the multiple HPV hrHPV infections， the abnormal cytological results， the other vaginal infectious disease， the chronic cervical inflammation and the total cervical lesions of the patients in group A were all significantly higher than those of the patients in group B (all P＜0.05). There was no correlation between the presence of hrHPV infection of the patients and their cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)， cervical cancer, low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL) (P>0.05). Conclusion: The HIV infection of the patients increases their risk of hrHPV infection. The hrHPV infection of the patients can significantly increase their risk of cytological abnormalities and other vaginal infections. The main types of hrHPV infection of the patients include HPV 16, 52, 58 and 18. HIV-positive patients with hrHPV infection have the higher incidences of the chronic cervical inflammation and the total cervical lesions. The hrHPV infection of the patients may contribute to the occurrence and development of their cervical lesions.
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  Analysis of the influence factors of the early postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction in of singleton primiparas

  GAO Jingwei, ZHANG Xiaoqian, JIANG Wenxia

  2026, 34(1): 215.

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  fluencing the PFD development of the primiparas. Results： The proportions of the weight gain during pregnancy ≥15 kg， the fetal weight of 3500 4000 g， the second stage of labor duration ＞1.5 hours， the natural delivery and the presence of the perineal laceration of the primiparas in group A were all significantly higher than those of the primiparas in group B （all P＜0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the high weight gain during pregnancy （OR＝3.973， 95％CI 1.623 9.724）， the higher fetal weight （OR＝6.863， 95％CI 2.475 19.031）， the long second stage of labor （OR＝5.357， 95％CI 2.115 13.566）， the natural delivery （OR＝7.962， 95％CI 1.895 33.459） and the perineal laceration （OR＝2.469， 95％CI 1.137 5.362） of the primiparas were all the risk factors of their PFD （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion： The weight gain during pregnancy， the fetal weight， the duration of the second stage of labor， the delivery mode and the perineal laceration situation of the primiparas are correlation with their PFD occurrence.
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  Characteristics of the high-risk human papillomavirus infection of postmenopausal women and its correlation with the occurrence of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

  LI Yin

  2026, 34(1): 220.

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  To investigate the high-risk human papillomavirus （HPV） infection of postmenopausal women， to study its correlation with the occurrence of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia （CIN） of the women， and to provide the new approaches for the prevention and treatment of the cervical diseases of the postmenopausal women. Methods： The clinical data of 790 postmenopausal women with high-risk HPV-positive infection who had undergone cervical biopsy in the hospital from June 2019 to June 2025 were selected in this study. Based on the pathological results， these women were divided into three groups， including 604 women with chronic cervicitis in group A， 119 women with low grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia （LSIL） in group B and 67 women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia （HSIL） in group C. The general data and the HPV infection characteristics of the women were compared among the three groups. The independent risk factors for cervix uteri HSIL of the women were analyzed. Results： The proportions of the women aged 60 years old or above， the body mass index （BMI） ≥25 kg/m2， the diabetes， the HPV 16/18 subtype infection and ≥3 types of high-risk HPV subtypes infection of the women in group C were all significantly higher than those of the women in group A and in group B. The proportion of the single HPV subtype infection of the women in group C were all significantly lower than that of the women in group A and in group B （all P＜0.001）. There were no significant differences in the number of HPV subtypes infected and the proportion of 16/18 HPV subtype infection of the women between group A and in group B （P＞0.05）. The age ≥60 years old and ≥3 types of high-risk HPV subtypes infection of the postmenopausal women are the independent risk factors of their cervical HSIL occurrence （P＜0.05）. The BMI ≥25 kg/m2， the diabetes and the infection with 2 types of HPV subtypes of the postmenopausal women were not found to be related to the occurrence of their cervical HSIL （P＞0.05）. Conclusion: The characteristics of the high-risk HPV infection of the postmenopausal women are related to their CIN. The age ≥60 years old and the presence ≥3 high-risk HPV subtypes infection of the postmenopausal women are the risk factors of their cervical HSIL. Clinically， it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of the postmenopausal women with cervical HSIL.