To understand the contraceptive status of women with induced abortion aged 25 years and below. Methods: In 15 hospitals from 10 provinces, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the contraceptive status of the pregnant women ≤25 years old who wanted induced abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy from March 2021 to August 2022. Results: 11.8% of the respondents were under 19 years old, 75.7% of the respondents were unmarried, 15.7% of the respondents had given birth and 31.5% of the respondents had induced abortion history. The reason for this unintended pregnancy, about half of them did not use any contraception. 1375 women with contraceptive failures, up to 47.1% of them used condoms. The correct rate of 8 questions about the effect of contraceptive method and its influence on the future fertility was less than 50%. More than 60% respondents were "not sure" about their future fertility planning and 542 (19.4%) respondents said they would choose long-acting reversible (LARC) after abortion or in the future. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age 24-25 years old, the history of induced abortion, the knowledge about that intrauterine device (IUD) as a highly effective contraceptive method, the knowledge about that the pregnancy preparing immediately after IUD or subdermal implant removal, and the desire of giving birth after 2 years or the desire without child in the future of the young women were the promoting factors for their choosing LARC. Conclusion: The contraceptive status of the women with induced abortion aged 25 years and below is worrying. It is necessary to strengthen the health education and consultation services to improve the implementation rate of LARC of the women with induced abortion aged 25 years and below, to effectively avoid induced abortion and to protect the fertility of the adolescent women. 

To understand the current situation of the breastfeeding of women within postpartum 6 months in Minhang district of Shanghai, and to explore the relevant factors affecting the breastfeeding of the women. Methods: 836 women within postpartum 6-10 months from Minhang district between February and June 2023 were selected as the respondents in this investigation. The breastfeeding situation of the women was investigated and the relevant factors affecting breastfeeding of the women were analyzed. Results: 814 women were investigated effectively. The breastfeeding rate of the women within postpartum 6 months was 82.9% (675/814) and the exclusive breastfeeding rate of them was 41.4% (337/814) at. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age of 21-25 years old, 26-30 years old and ≥35 years old (OR=2.446, 2.258 and 2.341, 95%CI 1.106-5.409, 1.203-4.240 and 1.135-4.831) and the breastfeeding (OR=3.837, 95%CI 2.517-5.849) and the no work after delivery (OR=2.785, 95%CI 1.795-4.323) of the women within postpartum 6 months were the promoting factors for their exclusive breastfeeding, while the gestational diabetes mellitus (OR=0.573, 95%CI 0.347-0.946) of the women within postpartum 6 months was the risk factor of their exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: In order to increase the breastfeeding rate, especially the exclusive breastfeeding rate of the women within postpartum 6 months, the social support should be given to these women. And the individualized guidance should be given to the women within postpartum 6 months after delivery according to their physiological characteristics and their special situations faced.

To explore the effects of the different surgical procedures for treating patients with tubal pregnancy on their ovarian reserve function and quality of life. Methods: 186 patients with tubal pregnancy who admitted in the hospital were randomly divided into group A (62 patients with the treatment of salpingotomy and the embryo extraction), group B (62 patients with the treatment of traditional salpingectomy) and group C (62 patients with the treatment of salpingectomy by core pulling) from January 2021 to December 2023. The perioperative indexes values, the serum indexes levels, the ultrasound indexes values, the quality of life and the postoperative complications rate of the patients were compared among the three groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the hospitalization time and the intraoperative blood loss of the patients among the three groups (P>0.05). The operation time of the patients in group B (45.26±7.02min) or group C (45.73±6.29min) was significantly shorter than that (50.32±8.12min) of the patients in group A (all P<0.05). The anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels of the patients in group A and in group C in 1 month after operation (2.99±0.36ng/ml and 2.98±0.41ng/ml)and in 6 months after operation (3.81±0.61ng/ml in 1 month after operation and 3.79±0.69ng/ml) were significantly higher than those (1.60±0.31ng/ml in 1 month after operation and 2.83±0.52ng/ ml in 6 months after operation) of the patients in group B. The levels of FSH (10.82±2.92U/L) and LH (8.04±2.06U/L) of the patients in group B in 6 months after operation were significantly higher than those (7.91±2.14U/L and 6.26±1.80U/L) of the patients in group A and those (7.40±2.02U/L and 5.97±1.63U/L) of the patients in group C. The number of antral follicles of the patients in group A and group C in 1 month after operation (6.53±1.07 and 6.96±1.19) and in 6 months after operation (7.86±1.82 and 8.02±2.04) were significantly higher than those (5.16±0.83 in 1 month after operation and 6.62±1.37 in 6 months after operation) of the patients in group B (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the ovarian volume of the patients before operation or in 1 month after operation among the three groups (P>0.05). The ovarian volume of the patients in group A or in group C (9.57±2.47cm3 or 10.04±2.96cm3) in 6 months after operation was significantly higher than that (8.42±2.06cm3) of the patients in group B (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the quality of life score of the patients among the three groups before and 1 month after operation (P>0.05). The quality of life score of the patients in group A or in group C (88.04±9.63 points or 87.26±10.40 points) in 6 months after operation were significantly higher than that (76.15±8.02 points) of the patients in group B (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of the complications of the patients among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The laparoscopic salpingectomy by core pulling or salpingotomy and the embryo extraction for treating patients with tubal pregnancy has less impact on their ovarian reserve function, and which is helpful to improve the postoperative quality of life of the patients. 

To explore the efficacy and prognosis of albumin bound paclitaxel combined with carboplatin for treating patients with recurrent advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (RAEOC). Methods: 88 patients with RAEOC treated in the hospital were selected and were divide into observation group (n=46) and control group (n=42) based on their final treatment plan from January 2020 to April 2024. The patients in the observation group received the treatment of albumin bound paclitaxel combined with carboplatin, while the patients in the control group received the treatment of conventional paclitaxel combined with carboplatin. The clinical efficacy and prognosis of the patients in the two groups were observed. Results: The disease control rate (80.4%) of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that (54.8%) of the patients in the control group, and the carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) level (143.30±39.39U/ml) of the patients in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than that (190.02±40.05 U/ml) of the patients in the control group. After treatment, the score of questionnaire ovarian cancer 28 functional status on the quality of life (75.23±9.95 points) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that(81.21±9.61 points) of the patients in the control group. The incidences of Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutropenia decrease (0) and Ⅲ-Ⅳthrombocytopenia decrease (0) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (14.3% and 19.1%) of the patients in the control group. The median overall survival time (42 months) of the patients in the observation group was significantly longer than that (33 months) of the patients in the control group. The CA125 level (440.30±70.50U/ml) of the patients with complete remission and partial remission before treatment was significantly lower than that (513.89±72.22 U/ml) of the patients with stable and progressive disease (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with carboplatin for treating the patients with RAEOC can improve their clinical efficacy and survival, which may be correlation with the level of CA125 of the patients before treatment. 

 To investigate the changes of the levels of serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-3) of patients with adenomyosis  (AM) after the high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment, and to study their correlation with the dysmenorrhea severity of the patients. Methods: A prospective study was conducted to select 100 patients with AM who were treated with HIFU combined with GnRHa in the hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 as the research objects. The serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients were measured before treatment, and in the 3rd month and in the 6th month after treatment. The severity of dysmenorrhea of the patients was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) score. The correlation between the changes of the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients and the severity of their dysmenorrhea was analyzed by bivariate Pearson (N). According to the severity of dysmenorrhea of 
the patients before treatment, these patients were divided into group A (48 cases with mild dysmenorrhea), group B (33 cases with moderate dysmenorrhea) and group C (19 cases with severe dysmenorrhea). The clinical baseline data and the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients were compared among the three groups. The influencing factors of the dysmenorrhea severity of the patients were analyzed by ordinal logistic regression. Results: The levels of serum CA125 and MMP-3 and the VAS score of the patients before treatment (72.99±6.44 U/ml, 43.60±5.76 ng/ml and 7.10±1.26 points), in the 3rd month after treatment (65.57±5.64U/ml, 19.47±5.86ng/ml and 2.27and 2.27±0.59 points), and in the 6th month after treatment (43.51±4.58U/ml, 14.06±4.38ng/ml and 1.31±0.43 points) had decreased gradually. Bivariate Pearson (N) analysis showed that the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients were positively correlated with their VAS score of dysmenorrhea. The lesion volume, the gravidity and the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients in group A, in group B and in group C had increased gradually. Logistic regression analysis showed that the increased lesion volume, the gravidity and the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients with AM were the independent factors affecting their degree of dysmenorrhea (all P<0.05). Conclusion: HIFU combined with GnRHa for treating the patients with AM can increase their serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels and relieve their dysmenorrhea. At the same time, the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients are positively correlated with their pain degree. The increased lesion volume, the gravidity and the serum CA125 and MMP-3 levels of the patients with AM are the independent factors affecting their degree of dysmenorrhea.

To analyze the correlation between the psychological resilience of patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy and their disease uncertainty and coping styles. Methods: 137 patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy admitted to the hospital from February 1, 2022 to June 1, 2024 were selected in this study. Psychological resilience scale (CD-RISC), illness uncertainty scale (MUIS) and Chinese version of medicine coping questionnaire modes (MCQM) were used to investigate the psychological resilience, disease uncertainty, and coping styles of the patients. Pearson correlation was used analyze the correlation between the psychological resilience of the patients and their disease uncertainty and coping styles. Results: The different dimensions scores of CD-RISC of the patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy were 35.86±6.42 points, 26.11±4.53 points and 11.23±2.00 points, respectively. The different dimensions scores of MUIS of the patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy were 41.88±6.53 points, 18.24±3.68 points, 23.16±4.27 points and 16.38±2.88 points, respectively. The different dimensions scores of MCQM of the patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy were 16.86±3.53 points, 15.79±3.26 points and 10.39±2.58 points, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the different dimensions scores of CD-RISC of the patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy were negatively correlated with their different dimensions scores of MCQM, avoidance and yield, and which were positively correlated with their confronting disease (all P<0.05). Univariate covariance analysis showed that the total MUIS score of the patients with high resilience was significantly lower than that of the patients with low resilience, the score of the confronting disease of the patients with high resilience was significantly higher than that of the patients with low resilience. The avoidance and yield scores of the patients with high resilience were significantly lower than those of the patients with low resilience (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The mental resilience of the patients with ovarian cancer chemotherapy is significantly correlated with their disease uncertainty and coping styles. The patients with the higher psychological resilience have the lower disease uncertainty, and who are more inclined to adopt the coping styles for the disease.

To investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane used in the surgical resection of the gynecological cancer of patients on their postoperative immune cell function. Methods: A total of 90 patients with gynecological cancer who wanted surgical resection in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups (45 cases in each group) by the random number table method from August 2022 to February 2024. The patients in group A were given propofol anesthesia induction and anesthesia maintenance during surgery, and the patients in group B were given sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia and anesthesia maintenance during surgery. The perioperative conditions, the postoperative anesthesia recovery, the immune cell function changes at different time points and the incidence of the anesthesia-related adverse reactions of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The spontaneous breathing recovery time (21.22±3.41 min), the extubation time (30.34±4.71 min) and the orientation recovery time (36.17±3.20 min) of the patients in the sevoflurane group were significantly shorter than those (25.37±4.10 min、34.67±3.23 min and 40.26±3.65 min) of the patients inthe propofol group. The levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ of the patients in the two groups at 1h and 24h after surgery were significantly lower than those before anesthesia induction, but which of the patients in the sevoflurane were significantly higher than those in the propofol group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions (8.9% vs. 6.7%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Compared with that of propofol, sevoflurane used in the surgical resection of the gynecological cancer of the patients has less influence on their postoperative immune cell function.

To investigate the perioperative sedation effect and the safety of dexmedetomidine used in the laparoscopic total hysterectomy of patients with frailty. Methods: 86 patients with frail (3-5 points evaluated by frail scale score) who wanted laparoscopic total hysterectomy were included and were divided into two groups (43 cases in each group) by the double chromosphere method from January 2019 to December 2023. The patients in the two groups received conventional anesthesia of 0.1mg/kg midazolam, 0.4μg/kg sufentanyl and 0.6mg/kg rocuronium, the anesthesia maintenance protocol of 2.5 to 5 mg/kg/h propofol intravenous pump infusion and sufentanil 0.2μg/kg intermittent intravenous pump infusion, and rocuronium 0.2mg/kg added according to the intraoperative condition. The patients in the observation group were given dexmedetomidine additionally, including 0.5μg/kg dexmedetomidine intravenous venous infusion at 10min before anesthesia induction, and then the conventional anesthesia induction and mechanical assisted respiration used, and dexmedetomidine 1.0μg/kg/h also used in the anesthesia maintenance protocol. The values of the perioperative, hemodynamic and stress response indicators, the changes of the serum Th1/Th2 cytokines, the postoperative sleep monitoring situation and the incidence of adverse reactions of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The time of the first pressing analgesic pump of the patients in the observation group was significantly later than that of the patients in the control group. The number of analgesic pump pressing in 48h after surgery, the rate of rescue analgesia and the time of resuming normal eating of the patients in the observation group were significantly less than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the time of getting out of bed of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). During the operation, the variation amplitude of the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). In the first day after operation, the levels of antithrombin Ⅲ, total antioxidant state and Th2 of the patients in the two groups had decreased significantly and the levels malondialdehyde, Th1 and Th1/Th2 of the patients in the two groups had increased significantly, and the variation amplitude of which of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). In the sleep quality monitoring, the values of M3 and REM of the patients had no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The values of M 1 and arousal index of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group, and the M2 value, the sleep efficiency and the subjective sleep quality score of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidences of hypotension and bradycardia of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidences of the postoperative delirium and cognitive impairment of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine used in the laparoscopic total hysterectomy of the patients with frailty can improve their perioperative sedation, optimize their pain management, enhance their hemodynamic stability, alleviate their surgical stress, improve their sleep quality, and decrease the risk of their postoperative delirium and cognitive impairment.

To explore the application effect of nalbuphine hydrochloride (NH) and sufentanil (SF) for tracheal intubation general anesthesia during laparoscopic total hysterectomy (LTH). Methods: 88 patients who wanted LTH in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups (44 cases in each group) by simple randomization method from October 2020 to March 2024. The patients in both groups were given the compound medication (0.2 mg/kg cisatracurium besylate+0.1 mg/kg propofol+0.2 mg/kg etomidate+0.04 mg/kg midazolam) for anesthesia, and the patients in group A were given induced anesthesia by 0.2 mg/kg NH and the patients in group B were given induced anesthesia 0.3 μg/kg SF before the tracheal intubation general anesthesia. The hemodynamic indexes at different time points, the exercise and resting scores of the visual analogue scale (VAS) at different time points after surgery, the postoperative anesthesia recovery indexes values, the analgesia status and the incidence of the adverse reactions of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The values of the heart rate and the mean arterial pressure of the patients in the two groups had decreased firstly and then increased from the time of entering the operative room (T0) to the time of extubation (T5). The values of the heart rate and the mean arterial pressure of the patients in group A at 15min after induction of anesthesia (T1) -T5 were significantly higher than those of the patients in group B. The exercise and rest scores of VAS of the patients in group A at 4h, 8h and 12h after operation were significantly lower than those of the patients in group B. The number of the postoperative analgesic pump pressing (2.10±0.67 times) of the patients in group A was significantly less than that (3.08±0.71 times) of the patients in group B. The total incidence of bucking, nausea and vomiting (0) of the patients in group B at extubation was significantly lower than that (9.1%) of the patients in group B (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with that of the induced tracheal intubation combined with general anesthesia by SF, the induced tracheal intubation combined with general anesthesia by NH of the patients during the laparoscopic total hysterectomy has better effect, and which can better maintain the stability of their signs, promote their postoperative anesthesia recovery, and reduce the risk of their pain and adverse reactions.

To study the effect of sedation and analgesia of B-ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) combined with epidural anesthesia during cesarean section. Methods: A total of 220 women who wanted cesarean section in the hospital were selected and were divided into control group (women with epidural anesthesia during cesarean section) and observation group (women with B-ultrasound guided TAPB combined with epidural anesthesia during cesarean section) by random number table method between October 2020 to June 2024. The postoperative related indexes values and the scores of sedation, comfort and pain by numerical rating scale (NRS) at immediately after surgery (T0), at 2h after surgery (T1), at 4h after surgery (T2), in 1d after surgery (T3) and in 2d after surgery (T4) of the women were compared between the two groups. The occurrence of the postoperative adverse reactions of the women in both groups was recorded. Results: The number of the postoperative analgesic pump presses (17.34±3.68 times), the additional amount of the analgesics (35.64±10.76 mg) and the time of getting out of bed (3.29±0.93d) of the women in the observation group were significantly lower than those (22.59±4.1 times 7, 47.06±12.81 mg and 5.25±1.20d) of the women in the control group. The scores of the sedation (2.73±0.32 points, 2.86±0.39 points, 2.72±0.35 points and 2.43±0.27 points) and the NRS (2.21±0.14 points, 3.75±0.19 points, 3.10±0.35 points and 1.83±0.27 points) of the women in the observation group at T1, T2, T3 and T4 were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group. The comfort scores of the observation group (3.00±0.21 points, 2.05±0.19 points, 2.90±0.25 points and 3.53±0.27 points) of the women in the observation group at T1, T2, T3 and T4 were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of the adverse reactions (15.5% vs. 8.2%) of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The TAPB combined with epidural anesthesia used for cesarean section of the women has shorter recovery time, fewer dosages of analgesics, better analgesic effect and higher comfort and safety. 

To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) combined with ropivacaine (Rop) for quadratus lumborum block (QLB) during laparoscopic total hysterectomy of patients on their postoperative analgesia, inflammation, early cognitive function and hemodynamics. Methods: 100 patients with uterine fibroids who wanted laparoscopic total hysterectomy in the hospital were included and were randomly divided into two groups (50 cases in each group) from January 2022 to May 2024. The patients in the control group were injected with 30mL 0.2% Rop in each side for QLB, and the patients in the observation group were injected with 0.50 μg/kg Dex and 30mL 0.2% Rop in each side. The analgesic effect evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), the levels of inflammatory indexes, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), D-dimer (D-D) and C-reactive protein (CRP), the cognitive function evaluated by mini-mental State examination (MMSE), the values of hemodynamics, such as heart rate (HR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), of the patients before and after operation, and the perioperative adverse reactions rate of the patients were recorded and were compared between the two groups. Results: The VAS score, the directive force, the ability of memory, attention, calculation, recall, and language ability, and the MMSE total score of the patients in the two groups in the postoperative 12h, 24h and 48h had decreased to varying degrees, and the levels of IL-6, D-D and CRP, and the values of HR, SpO2 and MAP of the patients in the two groups in the postoperative 12h, 24h and 48h had increased to varying degrees, and the changes of which of the patients in the observation group were significantly less than those of the patients in the control group. There were patients with different degrees of the adverse reactions, such as dizziness, hypotension, nausea and vomiting, and bradycardia in the two groups. The total perioperative adverse reactions rate (20.0%) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than that (38.0%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Dex combined with Rop for QLB during the laparoscopic total hysterectomy of the patients has significant analgesic effect, which can reduce their inflammatory reaction, improve their early cognitive function and hemodynamics, and reduce their adverse reactions rate. 

To explore the application effect of multidimensional intervention based on the perioperative sensitive risk indicators for patients with laparoscopic total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy. Methods: 92 patients who wanted laparoscopic total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy in the hospital were selected and were divided into two groups (46 patients in each group) by the random number table method from January 2021 to December 2023. The patients in the control group received routine nursing interventions before surgery until discharged from hospital, while the patients in the observation group received the multidimensional intervention based on sensitive risk indicators before surgery until discharged from hospital. The situations of the preoperative, the anxiety information requirements, the disease coping style and the complications, and the nursing satisfaction of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, the scores of anxiety scale (3.97±1.02 points), information need scale (0.89±0.24 points), avoidance (8.69±1.24 points) and yield (6.59±1.05 points) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (6.91±1.28 points, 2.28±1.01 points, ±1.17 12.69±1.82 points and 9.78±1.17 points) of the patients in the control group. The facing score (27.15±4.57 points) and the nursing satisfaction score (94.15±4.68 points) of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those (24.11±5.01 points and 87.54±5.11 points) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications (4.4% vs. 15.2%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The multidimensional intervention based on the perioperative sensitive risk indicators for the patients with laparoscopic total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy can effectively reduce their preoperative anxiety symptoms and information requirements, and which can enhance their enthusiasm and satisfaction of the nursing.

To observe the effects of the psychological nursing support of patients before and after laparoscopic total hysterectomy on their postoperative recovery and quality of life.   Methods: A total of 98 patients who wanted the total laparoscopic hysterectomy were included and were divided into two groups (49 cases in each group) by random number table method from February 2022 to June 2024. The patients in the two groups received the routine nursing intervention before and after surgery, and the patients in the study group received the psychological nursing support additionally. The scores of Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), Kolcaba comfort questionnaire (GCQ), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), general self-efficacy scale (GSES) and world health organization quality of life brief scale (WHOQOL-BREF) at discharge, the postoperative complications incidence, the recovery status and the nursing satisfaction rate of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The scores of CD-RISC, SAS, SDS, GCQ, PSQI, GSES and WHOQOL-BREF of the patients in the study group at discharge were significantly better than those of the patients in the control group. The incidence of the postoperative complications (2.0%) of the patients in the study group was significantly lower than that (16.3%) of the patients in the control group. The time of the postoperative getting out of the bed (1.11±0.18 d), the exhaust time (2.01±0.43d) and the hospital duration (9.14±2.25d) of the patients in the study group were significantly shorter than those (1.36±0.26d, 2.55±0.76d and 13.12±2.94d) of the patients in the control group. The nursing satisfaction rate (98.0%) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (81.6%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The psychological nursing support for the patients before and after laparoscopic total hysterectomy has the positive impact, which can better reduce the incidence of their complications, can improve their postoperative psychological state and sleep quality, can improve their self-efficacy, nursing comfort and quality of life, and can promote their recovery. The patients are more satisfied and recognized for the psychological nursing support.  

 To investigate the effect of the multi-dimensional nursing based on the concept of rapid rehabilitation surgery (FTS) for patients with laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal during the perioperative period. Methods: A total of 132 patients who wanted the laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal in the hospital were included and were divided into two groups (66 cases in each group) by random number table method from November 2020 to November 2023. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing, and the patients in the observation group were given the multidimensional nursing based on the FTS concept. The pain situation at different postoperative time points, the perioperative indexes values, the postoperative complication rate and the postoperative recovery quality of the patients in the two groups were observed. Results: The visual analogue scale scores of the patients in the observation group at 6h (5.01±0.33 points), at 12h (4.03±0.41 points) and at 24h (3.17±0.65 points) after operation were significantly lower than those (5.15±0.45 points, 4.22±0.65 points and 3.65±0.82 points) of the patients in the control group. The postoperative anal exhaust time (19.34±4.11h), the ambulation time (12.45±1.25h) and the hospitalization duration (6.25±0.41d) of the patients in the observation group were significantly shorter than those (23.56±6.22h, 15.33±1.89h and 7.11±0.36d) of the patients in the control group. The incidence of the postoperative complications (6.1%) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that (19.7%) of the patients in the control group. The scores of each dimension of the 40-item recovery quality scale of the patients were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The multi-dimensional nursing based on the FTS concept for the patients with laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal can effectively relieve their postoperative pain, accelerate their postoperative recovery speed, shorten their duration of the hospital stay, reduce their incidence of postoperative complications and improve their quality of postoperative recovery.

To investigate the clinical value of the integrated nursing intervention of doctors, nurses and patients for patients with transumbilical single hole laparoscopic total hysterectomy (LTH). Methods: 134 patients who wanted the transumbilical single hole LTH were selected and were divided into two groups (67 cases in each group) according to the admission time from January 2022 to December 2023. The patients in the control group received the perioperative routine nursing intervention, and the patients in the study group received the integrated nursing intervention of doctors, nurses and patients. The score of visual analogue score (VAS) at the postoperative different time points, the complication rate, and the scores of depression- anxiety- stress scale-21 (DASS-21) and the medical coping modes questionnaire (MCMQ) of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The patients in both groups had successfully completed the transumbilical single hole LTH. During the intervention period, 65 cases were included in the control group except to 1 case with lost to follow-up and 1 case without the complete data, and 66 cases were included in the study group except to 1 case withdrew due to personal factors. The VAS scores of the patients in the study group at the 6th h, at the 1st d, in the 2 second day and in the 3 third day after operation were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group. The scores of anxiety (6.02±1.14 points), stress (5.23±1.13 points) and depression (6.83±1.45 points) of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those (8.31±1.47 points, 7.78±1.64 points and 9.02±2.10 points) of the patients in the control group. The MCMQ confrontation dimension score (22.38±3.14 points) of the patients in the study group was significantly higher than that (19.61±3.25 points) of the patients in the control group. The scores of yield (10.32±2.36 points) and avoidance (12.49±2.63 points) of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those (12.45±2.73 points and 15.07±3.13 points) of the patients in the control group. The incidence of the surgical complications (4.6%) of the patients in the study group was significantly lower than that (15.4%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The integrated nursing intervention of doctors, nurses and patients applied to the patients with transumbilical single hole LTH can alleviate their postoperative pain, regulate their negative emotions, change their coping style, and reduce the risk of their complications. 

To explore the influence of the preoperative comprehensive health education for patients with hysteroscopic surgery under the general anesthesia on their physical and mental stress and their benefit finding of disease during the postoperative recovery period. Methods: A total of 80 patients who wanted hysteroscopic surgery under general anesthesia in the hospital were selected and were randomly divided into observation group (n=40) and control group (n=40) by the random number table method from January 2020 to April 2024. The patients in the control group were given the preoperative routine health education and nursing, whereas the patients in the observation group were given the preoperative comprehensive health education and nursing. The scores of Stanford acute stress response questionnaire (SASRQ) and benefit finding scale (BFS) of the patients before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. The complications situations of the patients in the two groups were recorded. Results: After intervention, the scores of the repeated re-experience of traumatic events in each dimension of SASRQ (12.27±2.85 points), the irritability symptoms (18.68±3.63 points), the dissociative symptoms (20.36±3.64 points), the avoidance (11.76±2.59 points), the social function impairment (4.31±1.47 points) and the total score (50.26±12.15 points) of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those (15.19±2.28 points, 22.14±4.91 points, 24.26±3.74 points, 13.52±3.73 points, 6.16±1.59 and 76.81±15.33 points) of the patients in the control group. The total score of the each dimension of BFS (79.26±4.16 points) of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that (74.83±4.35 points) of the patients in the control group. The total incidence of nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression (2.5%) of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that (20.0%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The preoperative comprehensive health education for the patients with hysteroscopic surgery under the general anesthesia can effectively alleviate their preoperative physical and mental stress response and improve their benefit finding of disease, and which has the popularization and application value.

To explore the influence of the humanized management combined with the evidence-based intervention for patients with ovarian cyst surgery on their postoperative rehabilitation and psychological stress. Methods: 105 patients who wanted ovarian cyst surgery in the hospital were selected and randomly divided into observation group (53 cases with the literal side of the coin) and control group ( 52 cases with the flower side of the coin) by the tossing coin method from January 2022 to March 2024. The patients in the two groups received the humanized management, and the patients in the observation group received the evidence-based intervention additionally. The postoperative rehabilitation status, such as the hospitalization time, the first time of getting out of bed and the first anal exhaust time, of the patients were compared between the two groups. The impact of event scale (IES-R) was used to assess the psychological stress of the patients in the two groups. 15-item quality of recovery scale (QoR-15) was applied to assess the recovery quality of the patients. The complications rate of the patients was compared between the two groups. Results: The postoperative hospital stay (7.50±1.20 d), the first time of getting out of bed (12.34±2.09h) and the first anal exhaust time (24.56±3.45h) of the patients in the observation group were significantly shorter than those (8.10±1.30d, 13.45±1.67h and 26.12±3.09h) of the patients in the control group. After intervention, the scores of IES-R in all dimensions of the patients in the two groups were significantly lower than those before intervention, and the scores of QoR-15 in all dimensions of the patients in the two groups were significantly higher than those of the patients before intervention, and which of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications (3.8% vs. 7.7%) of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The humanized management combined with the evidence-based intervention for the patients with ovarian cyst surgery can promote their postoperative recovery, and which is help to reduce the psychological stress and improve the quality of postoperative recovery of the patients. 

To investigate the influence of oropharyngeal colostrum infusion combined with microecological preparation for treating premature infants with feeding intolerance on their gastrointestinal hormones and immune function. Methods: 135 premature infants with feeding intolerance who were treated in the department of neonatology of the hospital were selected and were divided into study group (n=68) and control group (n=67) by simple randomization method from January 2021 to December 2023. The infants in the two groups were treated with microecological preparation, while the infants in the study group were treated with oropharyngeal colostrum infusion intervention additionally. The therapeutic effect, and the immune function indexes and the levels of the gastrointestinal hormones, such as motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAS) before and after treatment of the infants were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate (97.1%) of the infants in the study group was significantly higher than that (88.1%) of the infants in the control group. The values of the immune indicators, such as CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+ /CD8+, of the infants in the two groups had increased significantly, and the CD8+ value of the infants in the two groups had decreased significantly, and the change ranges of which of the infants in the study group were significantly more than those of the infants in the control group. The levels of the gastrointestinal hormones, such as MTL and GAS, of the infants in the two groups had increased significantly, and which (365.61±50.47 ng/L and 136.52±25.32 ng/L) of the infants in the study group were significantly higher than those (316.78±49.53 ng/L and 119.26±19.84 ng/L) of the infants in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Oropharyngeal colostrum infusion combined with microecological preparation for treating the premature infants with feeding intolerance can improve their therapeutic effect, and which can promote the immune and gastrointestinal function of these premature infants.

To observe the effectiveness of the breastfeeding improvement of the parental participation intervention for premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: 92 preterm infants admitted to the NICU were selected and were divided into 43 cases in the control group and 49 cases in the observation group according to the intervention model from March 2019 to December 2022. The infants in the control group were given the basic nursing, and the infants in the observation group were given the parental participation intervention. The feeding condition, the breastfeeding adaptability, the recovery condition, the parental empowerment, the complication rate and the re-hospitalization rate of the infants were compared between the two groups. Results: The total breastfeeding rate (61.2%) and the total breastfeeding adaptation rate (73.5%) of the infants in the observation group were significantly higher than those (30.2% and 51.2%) of the infants in the control group. The newborn weight in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the infants in the control group. The durations of the night sleep and the out of the incubator of the infants in the observation group were significantly longer than those of the infants in the control group. The duration of NICU stay (11.1±2.5d) of the infants in the observation group was significantly shorter than that (13.6±3.9d) of the infants in the control group. The scores of the medical information, the nursing and treatment, the department of hospital setting, the medical staff attitude and the parental participation in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The complication rate (2.0%) and the re-hospitalization rate (2.0%) of the infants in the observation group were significantly lower than those (13.9% and 16.3%) of the infants in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Parental participation intervention for the premature infants in NICU can significantly improve their breastfeeding effect, and it is conducive to their prognosis and recovery and to reduce the rate of their re-hospitalization, and which has the positive impact on these premature infants and their parents.

To analyze the value of the intrauterine residual tissue size and blood flow signal by ultrasound combined with the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level of patients for evaluating the timing of the curettage of the patients with incomplete abortion. Methods: A total of 80 patients with incomplete abortion admitted to the hospital from August 2019 to August 2023 were selected in this study. Before treatment, the color Doppler flow imaging technology was used to observe the abnormal echo mass blood flow signal and the size of the intrauterine residual tissue of these patients. The chemiluminescence immunomethod was used to detect the HCG level of the patients. After oral the abortion drugs, all the patients were given the promoting uterine contraction drugs and the anti-infective drugs. The influencing factors of the curettage of the patients with incomplete abortion were analyzed. Results: Among the 80 patients, there were 59 (73.8%) cases without nourishing blood flow and 21 (26.3%) cases with nourishing blood flow signals. The conservative treatment was given to the patients without nourishing blood flow. The ultrasound reexamination after 7d showed that there were 57 patients with the residual discharge by itself and 2 patients with intrauterine residue confirmed by ultrasound because of the vaginal bleeding. And 2 patients with intrauterine residue were given curettage, and the postoperative tissue pathology showed that there were the villi and/or decidua tissue residue. Among the patients with nourishing blood flow signals, 21 patients who persisted in the conservative treatment were found the presence of intrauterine residues by ultrasound reexamination after 7d of treatment and were given curettage, and the postoperative tissue pathology showed that there were the villi and/or decidua tissue residue. There were 57 cases with successful conservative treatment were included in group A and 23 cases with curettage because of the failure of the conservative treatment were included group B. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the more intrauterine residue, the nourishing blood flow signal, the blood flow signal grading Ⅱ-Ⅲ, and the higher HCG level of the patients with incomplete abortion were the influencing factors of their curettage after the failure of the conservative treatment (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the combination of the intrauterine residue size, the nutrient blood flow signal, the blood flow signal grading Ⅱ-Ⅲ and the HCG level of the patients with incomplete abortion for predicting their curettage because of the failure of the conservative treatment was 0.924, with the sensitivity and the specificity of 91.3% and 93.0%. Conclusion: The more intrauterine residue, the nourishing blood flow signal, the blood flow signal grading Ⅱ-Ⅲ and the higher HCG level of the patients with incomplete abortion are the influencing factors of their curettage after the failure of the conservative treatment, and the combination of the intrauterine residue size, the nutrient blood flow signal, the blood flow signal grading Ⅱ-Ⅲ and the HCG level of the patients with incomplete abortion for predicting their curettage after the failure of the conservative treatment has higher clinical guiding value. 

To explore the efficacy of clarithromycin combined with Guizhi fuling capsule for treating patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and to study its influence on the vaginal microenvironment and immune function of the patients. Methods:  The clinical data of 102 patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease who were treated in the hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. 50 patients who received the conventional clarithromycin therapy were enrolled in control group and 52 patients who were treated with clarithromycin combined with Guizhi fuling capsule were enrolled in study group. The levels of the inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-17 (IL-17), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and transforming growth factor (TGF), the vaginal microenvironment, such as vaginal pH value, flora density and flora diversity, and the values of the immune function, such as the CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+, before and after treatment, and the adverse reactions rate of the patients during treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the levels of IL-17, hs-CRP and TGF of the patients in the study group were significantly lower than those (33.18±4.62 ng/ml, 14.23±3.42 mg/L and 54.52±8.02 ng/L) of the patients in the control group. The vaginal pH value and the diversity of bacterial flora of the patients in the study group were significantly better than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the density of bacteria of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). The values of CD3+ (52.67±5.12%), CD4+ (54.38±5.43%), CD4+/CD8+ (1.94±0.22) of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those (49.41±4.65%, 50.74±4.81% and 1.75±0.19) of the patients in the control group. The CD8+ value (26.02±2.41%) of the patients in the study group was significantly lower than that (28.18±3.23%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). During the treatment, there were cases with the mild adverse reactions in the two groups, but the total incidence (17.2% vs. 14.0%) of the patients had no significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Clarithromycin combined with Guizhi fuling capsule for treating the patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease can effectively reduce their inflammatory response, help to their vaginal microecological balance recovery and improve their immune function, and with the good safety.

To analyze the diagnostic value of transvaginal color ultrasound combined with the levels of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and progesterone (P) of women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy. Methods: The clinical data of 100 women with suspected ectopic pregnancy in the hospital from February 2019 to November 2023 were collected. The postoperative pathology confirmed that there were 81 cases with ectopic pregnancy in study group and 19 cases without ectopic pregnancy in control group. The levels of serum β-hCG and P of the women were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic consistency between the transvaginal ultrasound and the serum β-hCG and P levels of the women for their ectopic pregnancy and the postoperative pathologic diagnosis of the ectopic pregnancy was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of the transvaginal ultrasound, the serum β-hCG level, the serum P level or the combined transvaginal ultrasound and the serum β-hCG and P levels of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy. Results: The transvaginal ultrasound results of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy was highly consistent with their standard postoperative pathological diagnosis of the ectopic pregnancy (Kappa=0.729, P<0.05). The levels of serum β-hCG and P of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC), the sensitivity, the specificity and the cut-off value of the serum β-hCG level of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy were 0.671, 86.4%, 52.6% and 10895.710 U/L, respectively, and which of the serum P level of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy were 0.853, 82.7%, 73.7% and the 64.745 nmol/L, respectively. The consistency between the serum β-hCG level of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy and the pathological diagnosis of the ectopic pregnancy was poor (Kappa=0.375, P<0.001). The consistency between the serum P level of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy and the pathological diagnosis of the ectopic pregnancy was moderate (Kappa=0.477, P<0.001). The specificity of the combined the transvaginal ultrasound, and the serum β-hCG and P levels of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy had increased significantly, and the misdiagnosis rate of which had decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined transvaginal ultrasound, and the serum β-hCG and P levels of the women for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy can increases the value for diagnosing their ectopic pregnancy, and which can improve the diagnostic specificity of the ectopic pregnancy and reduce the misdiagnosis rate of the ectopic pregnancy of the women. 

To explore the efficacy of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation and the laparotomy for treating the abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). Methods: The clinical data of 70 patients with AWE treated in the hospital from January 2013 to December 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the treatment methods, these patients were divided into the two groups, including 32 patients with the treatment of the ultrasonic guided microwave ablation in group A and 38 patients with the treatment of the laparotomy in group B. The clinical efficacy, the surgical indexes values, the dysmenorrhea degree and the complications rate of the patients were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in THE total effective rate (86.84% vs. 90.63%) of the patients between the two groups (χ2=0.246, P>0.05). The operation time, the incision size, the hospitalization time and the intraoperative blood loss of the patients in group A were significantly lower than those of the patients in group B (t=6.982, 18.520, 11.971, 7.136, P<0.05). The VAS scores of the patients in group A in 1, 3 and 6 months after operation were significantly lower than those of the patients group B (t=4.171, 4.241, 3.554, P<0.05). The lesion volume of the patients in group A in 1, 3 and 6 months after operation was smaller than that of the patients in group B (t=4.287, 9.718, 11.306, P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications (2.63%) of the patients in group A was significantly lower than that (18.41%) of the patients in group B (χ2=4.015, P<0.05). Conclusion: The laparotomy and the ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for treating the patients with AWE have the same effect, but the ultrasound-guided microwave ablation is superior to the laparotomy in reducing the postoperative pain, shortening the operation time and accelerating the recovery time, so the ultrasound-guided microwave ablation can be a safer and more effective treatment for the patients with AWE.

To analyze the changes of the vaginal microbiota of women with cervical cancer, and to study its correlation with the tumor markers levels of the women. Methods: A total of 103 women with cervical cancer who treated in the hospital were selected in group A and and 100 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were selected in group B from May 2021 to May 2024. 90 healthy women with physical examination were selected in group C during the same period. The vaginal microbiota and the levels of the serum tumor markers, such as squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125), of the women in the three groups were detected and analyzed. The correlation between the vaginal flora of the women in group A and their SCC, CEA and CA125 levels was investigated by Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The proportions of Lactobacillus negative, Gardnerella positive, anaerobes positive, Streptococcus positive and Escherichia coli positive, and the levels of THE serum SCC, CEA and CA125 of the women in group C, in group B and in group A had increased gradually. The proportions of Lactobacillus negative, Gardnerella positive, anaerobes positive, Streptococcus positive and Escherichia coli positive of the women in group A had decreased gradually with the differentiation degree increase of their cervical cancer. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the vaginal microbiota imbalance of the women in group A was positively correlated with their SCC, CEA and CA125 levels (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The vaginal microbiota imbalance of the women with cervical cancer is obvious, and which is positively correlated with the levels of the tumor markers, such as SCC, CEA and CA125, of the women.

To investigate the correlation between the serum haptoglobin (Hp) and fatty acid binding protein (FABP) levels of pregnant women with obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during the first trimester of pregnancy and their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: 143 pregnant women with obese PCOS who had admitted to the hospital from July 2021 to January 2023 were selected in group A, and 55 pregnant women without obese were selected in group B during the same period. The women in group A were divided into group A1 (46 women with adverse pregnancy outcomes) and group A2 (97 women with normal pregnancy outcomes) according to their pregnancy outcomes. The serum Hp and FABP levels of the women in these groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to explore the serum Hp and FABP levels of the women in group A1 and group A2. Results: The levels of serum Hp (1.41±0.49 mg/ml) and FABP (5.35±1.13 ng/ml) of the women in group A were significantly higher than those (0.82±0.43 mg/ml and 3.86±0.54 ng/ml) of the women in group B. The levels of serum Hp and FABP of the women in group A1 were significantly higher than those of the women in group A2 (all P<0.05). The serum Hp and FABP levels of the women in group A were positively correlated with their adverse pregnancy outcomes. The increased serum Hp and FABP levels of the women in group A were the independent risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off values of the Hp and FABP levels of the women in group A for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 1.742mg/ml and 5.312ng/ml. The area under the curve of the serum Hp level, the serum FABP level and the combination serum Hp and FABP levels of the women in group A for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.678, 0.827 and 0.855, respectively. The sensitivity and the specificity of the combination of the serum Hp and FABP levels of the women in group A for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.783 and 0.855. Conclusion: The serum Hp and FABP levels of the pregnant women with obese PCOS during the first trimester of pregnancy increase significantly, and which are significantly positive correlations with the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women. The detections of the serum Hp and FABP levels of the pregnant women with obese PCOS has important clinical guilding values for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes.

To investigate the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ gamma (PPARγ) and angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) of women with  polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to study their correlation with the ovarian function of the women. Methods: The clinical data of 105 women with PCOS admitted in the hospital from February 2022 to February 2024 were collected. These women were divided into group A (24 cases with very mild PCOS), group B (26 cases with mild PCOS), group C (26 cases with moderate PCOS) and group D (29 cases with severe PCOS) according the severity of their PCOS. 30 female healthy volunteers were selected in the control group during the same period. The levels of PPARγ and ANGPTL4 mRNA, and the ovarian function evaluated by the levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone (LH), the peak systolic velocity (PSV) value and the antral follicle count (AFC) of the women in the five groups were collected. Pearson analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the PPARγ and ANGPTL4 mRNA levels of the patients with PCOS and their ovarian function. Results: The levels of PPARγ mRNA and AMH, and the values of PSV and AFC of the women in the control group, in group A, in group B, in group C and in group D had increased gradually, while the ANGPTL4 mRNA, FSH and E2 levels of the women in the control group, in group A, in group B, in group C and in group D had decreased gradually. Pearson analysis showed that the PPARγ mRNA level of the women with PCOS was positively correlated with their FSH and E2 levels, and was negatively correlated with their AMH level and PSV value. The ANGPTL4 mRNA level of the women with PCOS was positively correlated with their AMH level and PSV value, and was negatively correlated with their FSH and E2 levels (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The PPARγ mRNA level of the women with PCOS decreases and the ANGPTL4 mRNA level of the women increases, and both of which are closely related to the ovarian function and the severity of PCOS of the women. 

To explore the value of the levels of the serum ferritin (SF) and transferring (TRF) of infertile patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for evaluating their fertility outcomes after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: The clinical data of 78 infertile patients with PCOS who visited the hospital from August 2021 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects. Based on the body mass index (BMI) of the patients, these patients were divided into group A (48 cases with obese) and group B (30 cases without obese). All these patients were given the treatment of IVF-ET, and these patients were divided into two groups, including 28 cases with failure of pregnancy in group C and 50 cases with pregnancy success in group D. The levels of SF and TRF of the infertile patients were measured by immunoturbidimetric method. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value of the patients was calculated. The correlation between the serum SF and TRF levels of the infertile patients with PCOS and their HOMA-IR value was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to predict the value of the serum SF and TRF levels of the infertile patients with PCOS for their pregnancy outcomes. Results: The levels of SF (7.58±1.82 ng/ml) and TRF (16.53±2.81μg/ml), and the HOMA-IR value (3.39±0.94) of the patients in group A were significantly higher than those (5.28±0.96 ng/ml, 11.65±1.53μg/ml and 2.06±0.49) of the patients in group B. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the serum SF and TRF levels of the patients were positively correlated with their HOMA-IR value. The levels of SF and TRF, and the HOMA-IR of the patients in group C were significantly higher than those of the patients in group D (all P<0.05). The area under the curve, the sensitivity and the specificity of the serum SF level combined with the TRF level of the infertility patients with PCOS for predicting their pregnancy failure were 0.925, 82.1% and 90.0%, respectively. Conclusion: The levels of the serum SF and TRF of the infertility patients with PCOS are abnormally increased, and the combination of the SF and TRF levels has the higher efficacy for predicting the outcomes of IVF-ET of the patients.

To explore the diagnostic value of the fetal heart quantitative (HQ) analysis combined with the venous catheter blood flow for the abnormal fetal cardiac function of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods: 130 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and FGR who had given birth in the hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected in research group retrospectively. 152 pregnant women with normal fetuses by ultrasonic examination during the same period were selected in control group. Echocardiography and fetal HQ image analysis were used to obtain the end-diastolic global sphericity index (GSI), the left and right ventricular fractions of area change (FAC) and the 24-segment sphericity index (SI) of the women in the two groups. The color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic instrument was used to measure the fetal ductus venosus blood flow indicators of the women. Results: The values of body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the women in the research group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group. The values of GSI, left ventricular FAC and right ventricular FAC of the women in the research group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group. The values of FAC and the SI of 1-11 segments of the left ventricle of the women in the research group were significantly higher than those of the right ventricle. The SI value of 1-15, 22, 23 segments of the left ventricle of the women in the control group were significantly higher than those of the right ventricle. The SI value of 1-20 segments of left ventricle and the SI value of 1, 17, 20, 22 segments of right ventricle of the women in the research group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). However, there were no significant difference in the SI values of the remaining segments of the left and the right ventricle of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). The values of pulsatility index, resistance index, S/A and PLI of the fetal ductus venosus of the women in the research group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The evaluation of the fetal cardiac morphology and function of the pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and FGR by the fetal HQ can provide the important reference standard for diagnosing the abnormal fetal cardiac function. At the same time, the detection of the blood flow in the fetal ductus venosus can effectively evaluate the fetal cardiac function of the pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and FGR. The combination of the above two methods has higher value for comprehensively evaluating the fetal cardiac function abnormalities and the pregnancy outcomes of the pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and FGR. 

To explore the value of transvaginal the ultrasound examination combined with the serum secreted frizzled related protein 4 (SFRP4) and cytochrome P450 19A1 (CYP19A1) levels of women for diagnosing their polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: A total of 106 women with PCOS who underwent diagnosis and treatment in the hospital were selected in study group and another 106 healthy women who underwent physical examination in the hospital were selected in control group from July 2022 to August 2024. The women in both groups were given the transvaginal ultrasound examination. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the serum SFRP4 and CYP19A1 mRNA expressions of the women in the two groups. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between the ultrasound parameters of the women and their expression levels of serum SFRP4 and CYP19A1. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of the PCOS occurrence of the women. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of the ultrasound parameters combined with the serum SFRP4 and CYP19A1 mRNA levels of the women for their PCOS occurrence. Results: The values of OV, TA, SA, FN, EDV and PSV of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group. The serum SFRP4 mRNA level (2.58±0.51) of the women in the study group was significantly higher than that (1.01±0.24) of the women in the control group. The values of PI and RI of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group. The serum CYP19A1 mRNA level (0.71±0.11) of the women in the study group was significantly lower than that (1.00±0.22) of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). The expression level of the serum SFRP4 of the women in the study group was positively correlated with their OV, TA, SA, FN, EDV and PSV values, and was negatively correlated with their PI and RI values. The expression level of the serum CYP19A1 of the women in the study group was negatively correlated with their OV, TA, SA, FN, EDV and PSV values, and was positively correlated with their PI and RI values. The increased SFRP4 mRNA level of the women was a risk factor of their PCOS occurrence, and the increased CYP19A1 mRNA level of the women was a protective factor of their PCOS occurrence (all P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (0.987) of the ultrasound parameters combined with the serum SFRP4 and CYP19A1 mRNA levels of the women for diagnosing their PCOS occurrence was the highest, which was significantly better than that of the ultrasound parameters, the serum SFRP4 level or the serum CYP19A1 mRNA  level alone (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The values of OV, TA, SA, FN, EDV and PSV examined by ultrasound and the serum SFRP4 mRNA level of the women with PCOS increase, while the PI and RI values examined by ultrasound and the serum CYP19A1 mRNA level of the women with PCOS decrease, and which of the women with PCOS have correlation each other. The ultrasound parameters values combined with the serum SFRP4 and CYP19A1 levels of the women can improve the diagnostic value for their PCOS occurrence. 

To investigate the risk factors and the risk model of the ovarian endometriosis cyst (OEMC) recurrence of patients after laparoscopic surgery. Methods: 165 patients with OEMC whom had undergone conservative laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal in the hospital from July 2018 to August 2021 were collected in this study retrospectively. These patients were divided into group A (41 cases with the recurrence of OEMC) and group B (124 cases without the recurrence of OEMC) according to the OEMC recurrence situation of the patients within 3 years after surgery. The data, such as the age, the stage of OEMC evaluated by American society for reproductive medicine (ASRM), the level of preoperative D-dimer (D-D) and the preoperative systemic immune inflammation index (SII) value of the patients in the two groups were collected. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors affecting the recurrence of OEMC of the patients after laparoscopic surgery, and a nomogram risk model was constructed according to these influencing factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the prediction efficiency of the risk model for the OEMC recurrence of the patients, and H-L tested was used to identify the calibration ability of the model. Results: The recurrence rate of OEMC of the patients within 3 years after surgery was 24.9% (41/165). Logistic regression results showed that the younger age, the ASRM staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, the high preoperative D-D level, the increased preoperative SII value, and no medication used after surgery of the patients were the influencing factors of their OEMC recurrence after laparoscopic surgery. The drawn ROC curve showed that the area under the curve, the sensitivity and the specificity of the nomogram risk model for predicting the OEMC recurrence of the patients after laparoscopic surgery were 0.907, 85.4% and 83.9%, respectively. H-L goodness-of-fit test showed that there was no significant difference between the prediction of the risk model and the actual observed value (P>0.05). Conclusion: The age, the ASRM staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, the increased preoperative D-D level and the preoperative SII value, and no postoperative medication used of the patients are the factors influencing their OEMC recurrence after laparoscopic surgery, and the risk model constructed based on these influencing factors has good predictive efficacy and calibration degree, and which can be used for the early clinical assessment and the targeted management for the patients with OEMC after laparoscopic surgery.

To investigate the predictive value of the levels of serum placental protein 8 (PP8) and PP14 levels of pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE) for their lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) occurrence after cesarean section. Methods: The clinical data of 105 pregnant women with PE who were delivered by cesarean section in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected in this study. According to whether LEDVT of the women occurred or not after delivery, these women were divided into two groups, including 85 women without LEDVT in group A and 20 women with LEDVT in group B. The clinical data of the women in the two groups were collected. The levels of serum PP8 and PP14 of the women in the two groups before operation were detected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the serum PP8 and PP14 levels of the women for their LEDVT occurrence after cesarean section. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the LEDVT occurrence of the women with PE after cesarean section. Results: The serum levels of PP8 (196.41±20.06 pg/ml) and PP14 (285.93±32.53 pg/L) of the women in group B were significantly higher than those (154.83±17.27 pg/ml and 173.62±26.45 pg/L) of the women in group A (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the PP8 level, the PP14 level and the combination of the PP8 and PP14 levels of the women with PE for predicting their LEDVT occurrence after cesarean section were 0.786, 0.814 and 0.929, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the puerperium rest time in bed≥3 days, the postpartum hemorrhage, the serum PP8 level ≥74.23pg/ml and the PP14 level≥226.74pg/L of the women with PE were the risk factors of their LEDVT occurrence after cesarean section (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The increased levels of the preoperative serum PP8 and PP14 of the pregnant women with PE are closely related to their LEDVT occurrence, and the combination of the PP8 and PP14 levels of the women with PE can be used as the biological markers for predicting their LEDVT occurrence. 

To analyze the correlation between non-high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) /HDL-C ratio of the pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE) and their adverse pregnancy outcomes, and explore the value of non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio of the women with PE for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 102 pregnant women with PE who were examined and delivered in the hospital from June 2022 to December 2023 were collected in this study. These women were divided into two groups according to whether the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women occurred or not, including 38 women with the adverse pregnancy outcomes in group A and 64 women with the normal pregnancy outcomes in group B. The clinical data of the women in the two groups were collected, and the non-HDL-C value and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio of the women in the two groups were calculated. The influencing factors of the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women with PE were explored by multivariate logistic regression. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio of the women with PE for their adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results: The non-HDL-C level (5.91±0.23 mmol/L) and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio (3.79±0.25) of the women in group A were significantly higher than those (4.63±0.27 mmol/L and 2.71±0.13) of the women in group B (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the increased 24h urine protein, the decreased platelet count, the increased non-HDL-C level and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio of the women with PE were the risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the non-HDL-C level and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio of the women with PE for predicting their adverse pregnancy outcomes were 0.793 and 0.925. Conclusion: The increased 24h urinary protein, non-HDL-C level and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the decreased platelet count of the pregnant women with PE are the risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio of the pregnant women with PE has higher predictive value for their occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. 

To explore the correlation between the levels of serum placental growth factor (PLGF) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sFlt-1), and the placental CD146 expression of pregnant women with preeclampsia and their fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods: 60 pregnant women with preeclampsia and FGR who visited the hospital were selected in group A, while 60 pregnant women with preeclampsia and without FGR were selected in group B and 60 healthy pregnant women were selected in group C from September 2022 to April 2024. The serum PLGF and sFlt-1 levels, and the difference of the placental CD146 expression of the women were compared among the three groups. Results: The levels of serum PLGF (150.20±33.34pg/ml) and the placental CD146 positive expression rate (23.3%) of the women in group A were significantly lower than those of the women in group B or in group C, while the serum sFlt-1 level (2640.40±113.43ng/L) of the women in group A was significantly higher than that of the women in group B or in group C (all P<0.05). In group A, the serum PLGF level (142.01±35.52pg/ml) and the positive expression rate of placental CD146 (11.6%) of the women with severe PE were significantly lower than those of the women with mild PE, and the sFlt-1 level (2718.91±121.16ng/L) of the women with severe PE was significantly higher than that of the women with mild PE (P<0.05). In group B, the serum PLGF (206.81±50.11pg/ml) and the positive expression rate of placental CD146 (38.2%) of the women with severe PE women were significantly lower than those of the women with mild PE, and the sFlt-1 level (2327.90±110.10ng/L) of the women with severe PE women was significantly higher than that of the women with mild PE women (all P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the serum PLGF and sFlt-1 levels of the pregnant women with PE for predicting their FGR were 0.927 and 0.855 (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum PLGF and sFlt-1, and the placental CD146 expression of the pregnant women are associated with their preeclampsia occurrence and the severity of preeclampsia, as well as their FGR occurrence. The levels of the serum PLGF and sFlt-1 of the pregnant women with PE have higher predictive value for their FGR occurrence. 

To analyze the risk factors of the neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to establish a risk prediction model for evaluating the neonatal hypoglycemia of the women. Methods: The clinical data of 300 pregnant women with GDM in the hospital from January 2020 to January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. These women were divided into control group (56 cases without the neonatal hypoglycemia) and research group (244 cases with the neonatal hypoglycemia) according to the neonatal conditions. The clinical data of the women in the two groups were analyzed. Multifactor logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of the neonatal hypoglycemia, and a predictive model for evaluating the neonatal hypoglycemia was constructed based on these risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discrimination for the neonatal hypoglycemia of this model. Linear pattern were tested by the repeated sampling method from 1000 samples. Results: There were significant differences in the gestational weeks, the prenatal body mass index (BMI), the estimated fetal weight, the prenatal learning, the blood glucose control situation during delivery, and the delivery mode of the women between the two groups (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high prenatal BMI, the poor blood glucose control during delivery and the cesarean section of the women with GDM were the risk factors of their neonatal hypoglycemia, while the gestational weeks, the higher estimated fetal weight and the more times of prenatal training of the women with GDM were the protective factors of their neonatal hypoglycemia (all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the predictive model for the neonatal hypoglycemia of the women with GDM was 0.869, and the model was in good consistency with the real situation. Conclusion: Among these influencing factors of the neonatal hypoglycemia of the pregnant women with GDM, the constructed predictive model based on the gestational weeks, the prenatal BMI, the estimated fetal weight, the prenatal learning，the blood glucose control during delivery and the delivery mode of the women has certain clinical guiding significance for predicting the neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence.

To analyze the islet function indexes characteristic of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and with different types of abnormal 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods: From January 2021 to December 2023, 210 pregnant women with GDM were selected in group A and 100 pregnant women without GDM were selected in group B. According to the OGTT results of the women in group A, the women were divided into group A1 (90 women with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level above the upper limit only), group A2 (71 women with normal FPG level and with the levels of G60 or/and G120 above the upper limit) and group A3 (49 women with the levels of FPG and G60 or/and G120 above the upper limit). The clinical data, the insulin secretion characteristics and the insulin function indexes values of the women were compared among these groups. Results: The proportion of the age ≥35 years old and the pre-pregnancy BMI value of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B. The proportion of the age ≥35 years old and the pre-pregnancy BMI value of the women in group A3 were significantly higher than those of the women in group A1 and those of the women in group A2 (all P<0.05), but which of the women had no significant differences between group A1 and group A2 (P>0.05). The values of INS0, INS60 and INS120 of the women in group A, in group A1, in group A2 and in group A3 were significantly higher than those of the women in group B (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the INS0 value of the women among these groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the INS60 value of the women between group A2 and group A3, but the INS60 value of the women in group A2 or in group A3 was significantly higher than that of the women in group A1 (P<0.05). The INS120 value of the women in group A1, in group A2 and in group A3 had increased gradually (P<0.05). The HOMA-IR value of the women in group A3 was significantly higher than that of the women in group A2, the HOMA-βvalue of the women in group A3 was significantly lower than that of the women in group A2. The HOMA-IR value of the women in group A2 or in group A3 was significantly higher than that of the women in group B or in group A1, the HOMA-β value of the women in group A2 or in group A3 was significantly lower than that of the women in group B or in group A1 (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the values of HOMA-IR and HOMA-β of the women between group B and group A1 (P>0.05). The age ≥35 years old, the BMI≥25kg/m2 and the levels of FPG, G60 or (and) G120 above the upper limit of the women with GDM were the independent risk factors of their insulin resistance (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Among the pregnant women with GDM, the risk of insulin resistance of the women with the increased blood glucose level after OGTT is higher.

To explore the application effect of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging technique in guiding the staging surgery of endometrial cancer (EC) of patients, and to study the predictive value of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging technique for the endometrial cancer metastasis in the retroperitoneal lymph node of the patients. Methods: The clinical data of 98 patients with EC who received the laparoscopic comprehensive staging surgery in the hospital from March 2022 to March 2024 were collected in this study. ICG was injected into the cervix of these patients before surgery. ICG fluorescence imaging technique was used to assist the resection situation of the pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes of the patients. The lymph nodes with and without fluorescence imaging of the patients after surgery were sent for the pathologic examination. The situation of the ICG fluorescence imaging of the lymph node and the lymph node clearance of the patients were analyzed. With the pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the diagnostic value of ICG fluorescence imaging technique for the retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis of the patients was analyzed. The related factors affecting the ICG fluorescence imaging of the multi-regional lymph nodes of the patients were analyzed. Results: The ICG fluorescence imaging of the lymph nodes of 91 patients in 98 patients with EC were successfully developed, with a development rate of 92.9% (994 lymph nodes). In 994 lymph nodes developed, there were 851(85.6%) pelvic lymph nodes, 67 (6.7%) abdominal aortic lymph nodes, 58 (5.8%) presacral lymph nodes and 9 (0.9%) inguinal deep lymph nodes. Among 98 patients with surgical treatment, there were 34 (34.7%) cases with the positive retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. Among 91 patients with the successful lymph node developed, there were 32 (35.2%) cases with the positive retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. A total of 1578 lymph nodes of 98 patients were resected, and there were 132 (8.4%) lymph nodes with the EC metastasis. 1422 lymph nodes of 91 patients with successful lymph nodes developed were removed during the surgery, and among them, 994 lymph nodes were visualized by ICG fluorescence, and there were 122 (12.3%) lymph nodes with the EC metastasis. Among all these patients, 65.3% (64/98) patients without EC metastasis of lymph nodes had undergone the lymph node resection, and the resection rate of the lymph node without EC metastatic was 91.6% (1446/1578). The sensitivity, the specificity, the accuracy, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and Kappa value of the ICG fluorescence imaging of the lymph node of the patients with EC for diagnosing their retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis were 90.63%, 91.53%, 91.21%, 85.29%, 94.74% and 0.810 >0.75, respectively, and all of which were in high consistency with the pathological diagnosis results of the patients. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the operator experience ≤10 years, the depth of the myometrial invasion of EC ≥1/2 and the positive lymphatic space invasion of the patients with EC were the risk factors affecting their negative development of retroperitoneal multi-regional lymph nodes in ICG (all P<0.05). Conclusion: ICG fluorescence imaging technique has good diagnostic value for the lymph node metastasis of the patients with EC, and which can be used to guide the retroperitoneal lymph node dissection during the staging surgery of the patients with EC. 

To analyze the diagnostic effect of the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound and the computerized tomography (CT) for uterine fibroids. Methods: 152 patients with uterine fibroids in the hospital from January 2019 to December 2023 were selected in observation group, and 61 patients with uterine sarcoma were included in control group during the same period. The patients in the two groups received the examinations of the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound and CT. The clinical data of the patients were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound and CT for uterine fibroids of the patients. Results: There was significant difference in the proportion of the abnormal menstrual volume of the patients between the two groups (P<0.05). The proportions of the internal solid structure, the sparse blood flow inside the tumor, the clear border of the tumor and the low echo in the vaginal color Doppler ultrasound signs of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group. The proportions of the irregular extrauterine shape and the uterine cavity deformation and displacement in the CT signs of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression model showed that the characteristics, such as the internal solid structure, the sparse blood flow inside the tumor, the clear border of the tumor, the hypoechoic and irregular uterine shape and uterine cavity deformation and displacement, of the patients were independent factors affecting their diagnosis of uterine fibroids (P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (0.964) of the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound for diagnosing the uterine fibroids of the patients was significantly higher than that (0.743) of CT (P<0.05). Conclusion: The diagnostic efficiency of the transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound for diagnosing the uterine fibroids of the patients is higher than that of CT. 

To observe the impact of the body temperature protection for patients with ovarian cancer surgery on their perioperative accelerated recovery. Methods: 92 patients with ovarian cancer who had undergone open surgery in the hospital from January 2023 to May 2024 were selected in this study retrospectively. Among these patients, 45 cases without the body temperature protection during surgery from January 2023 to August 2023 were included in group A, and 47 cases with the body temperature protection during surgery from September 2023 to May 2024 were included in group B. The surgical conditions, the intraoperative body temperature at admission (T0), at 30 min of anesthesia (T1), at 60 min of anesthesia (T2), at 120 min of anesthesia (T3) and at leaving the operation room (T4), the intraoperative hypothermia rate, the time of the hypothermia occurrence, the rate of agitation during the awakening period, the duration of the hospital stay and the rate of complications of the patients were compared between the two groups. The blood lactate levels of the patients in both groups before and after surgery were detected. Results: There were no significant differences in the operation time, the intraoperative infusion volume and the intraoperative blood loss of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the body temperature of the patients at T0 between the two groups (P>0.05). The body temperature of the patients in the two groups at T1-T4 was significantly lower than that of the patients at T0, and the body temperature of the patients in group B at T0-T4 was significantly higher than that of the patients in group A (P<0.05). The blood lactic acid levels of the patients in both groups at the end of operation and at 3h after operation were significantly higher than those at T0, but which (1.35±0.25 mmol/L, 1.65±0.44 mmol/L) of the patients in group B at the end of operation and at 3h after operation were significantly lower than those (1.84±0.61 mmol/L and 2.52±0.78 mmol/L) of the patients in group A (all P<0.05). The intraoperative hypothermia rate (8.5%) and the emergence agitation rate (2.1%) of the patients in group B were significantly lower than those (26.7% and 13.3%) of the patients in group A. The time of the hypothermia occurrence (122.5±8.7min) of the patients in group B was significantly later than that (48.3±17.8min) of the patients in group A, and the duration of the hospital stay (9.7±2.4d) of the patients in group B was significantly shorter than that (11.1±3.3d) of the patients in group A. The total incidence of the complications (10.6%) of the patients in group A was significantly lower than that (28.9%) of the patients in group A (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The body temperature protection of the patients in the ovarian cancer operation can effectively reduce their body temperature fluctuation during the perioperative period, can decrease the incidences of the hypothermia and the agitation during the awakening period, can alleviate the stress response of the body, and can facilitate the postoperative accelerated recovery.

To explore the value of the transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound combined with the levels of serum carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) of patients for differential diagnosing their ovarian tumors. Methods: The clinical data of the patients with ovarian tumors or ovarian cysts treated in the hospital from January 2022 to August 2024 were collected retrospectively. According to the results of the pathological examination, these patients were divided into group A (patients with ovarian tumors) and group B (patients with ovarian cysts). The serum Ca199 and HE4 levels of the patients in the two groups were detected. The diagnostic values of the color Doppler ultrasound, and the serum Ca199 and HE4 levels of the patients for their ovarian tumors were analyzed by Kappa test. Logistics was used to analyze the influencing factors of the ovarian tumors of the patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of the color Doppler ultrasound combined with the levels of serum Ca199 and HE4 of the patients for diagnosing their ovarian tumors. Results: The serum levels of CA199 (58.38±18.73 U/ml) and HE4 (78.72±19.81 pmol/L) of the patients in group A were significantly higher than those (27.81±12.68 U/ml and 44.19±16.23 pmol/L) of the patients in group B (all P<0.05). The consistency between the color Doppler ultrasound combined with the levels of serum Ca199 and HE4 of the patients and their pathology for diagnosing their ovarian tumors was significantly higher than that of the color Doppler ultrasound combined or the levels of serum Ca199 and HE4 alone (Kappa value =0.713, P<0.05). The lesion with the regular shape found by the color Doppler ultrasound of the patients was a protective factor of their ovarian tumors (OR=0.544), but the increased levels CA199 and HE4 of the patients were the risk factors of their ovarian tumors (OR=2.885, 3.490) (all P<0.05). The area under the curve, the sensitivity and the specificity of the color Doppler ultrasound combined with the serum CA199 and HE4 levels of the patients for diagnosing their ovarian tumors were 0.928, 93.9% and 79.1%, respectively, and the diagnostic value of which was significantly higher than that of the color Doppler ultrasound or the serum CA199 and HE4 levels alone (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum CA199 and HE4 of the patients with ovarian tumors increase. The value of the color Doppler ultrasound combined with the serum CA199 and HE4 levels of the patients for differential diagnosing their ovarian tumors is higher.

To analyze the effects of the cesarean section or the vaginal delivery of pregnant women with the premature delivery during different gestational weeks on the maternal and infant outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 300 pregnant women with the premature delivery during the gestational weeks of 28 weeks to 36+6 weeks in the hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the women with the premature delivery during the different gestational weeks, 50 cases with cesarean section were selected in group A and 50 cases with vaginal delivery were selected in group B randomly. The difference of the maternal and infant outcomes was compared between the women with cesarean section and the women with vaginal delivery. Results: The incidences of the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and the complications during pregnancy, and the proportions of the number of complications ≥3 and the number of preterm neonatal complications ≥2 of the women delivered during 28-31+6 gestational weeks,  of the women delivered during 32-33+6 gestational weeks and of the women delivered during 34-36+6 gestational weeks had decreased gradually, and the neonatal birth weight of these women had increased gradually (all P<0.05). The neonatal mortality rate of the women delivered during 34-36+6 gestational weeks was significantly lower than that of the women delivered during 28-31+6 gestational weeks (P<0.05). Among the women delivered during 28-31+6 and 34-36+6 gestational weeks, there were no significant differences in the age, the body mass index (BMI), the proportion of parity ≥2 times, the incidences of the complications during pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage, the neonatal birth weight, and the incidences of the neonatal death, NRDS and complications the women between group A and group B (P>0.05). For the pregnant women who delivered during 32-33+6 gestational weeks, there were no significant differences in the age, the BMI, the proportion of parity ≥2 times, the pregnancy complications rate, the neonatal birth weight and the incidence of neonatal death of the women between group A and group B (P>0.05). The incidence of the neonatal NRDS and the neonatal complications number≥2 of the women in group A were significantly lower than those of the women in group B (P<0.05). Conclusion: The cesarean section and the vaginal delivery of the preterm delivery women during different gestational weeks have different effects on the maternal and neonatal outcomes. The cesarean section of the women delivered during 32-33+6 gestational weeks may reduce the risk of their neonatal complications.

To explore the correlation between the body mass index (BMI) of infertility patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their failure of the intrauterine artificial insemination (IUI). Methods: The clinical data of 155 infertility patients (234 cycles) with PCOS who received the first time IUI for assisted pregnancy in the hospital from March 2019 to December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the BMI of the patients, these patients were divided into group A (70 cases (101 cycles) with normal BMI, 18.52kg/m2≤BMI<24kg/m2) and group B (85 cases (133 cycles) with overweight BMI, BMI≥24kg/m2).The clinical basic data, the ovulation induction and the pregnancy status of the patients were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the influence of the BMI value of the patients on their clinical pregnancy and early abortion after IUI. Spearman correlation coefficient was adopted to analyze the correlation between the pregnancy outcomes of the patients after IUI and their BMI value. Results: There were significant differences in the age, the duration of infertility, the BMI value and the follicle estrogen level of the patients between the two groups. Compared with those of the patients in group A, the patients in group B had longer duration of ovulation induction, fewer natural ovulation cycles, lower clinical pregnancy rate and higher early abortion rate (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the advanced age (OR=0.457, 95%CI: 0.371-0.564, P<0.001) and the higher BMI value (OR=0.403, 95%CI: 0.243-0.666, P=0.004) of the infertility patients with PCOS were the independent risk factors of their clinical pregnancy. The advanced age (OR=1.097, 95%CI: 1.045-1.153, P<0.001) and the higher BMI value (OR=1.093, 95%CI: 1.037-1.152, P=0.001) of the infertility patients with PCOS were also the independent risk factors of their early abortion. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis showed that the BMI value of the infertility patients with PCOS was negatively correlated with their clinical pregnancy rate after IUI (r=-0.536, P<0.05), and the BMI value of the infertility patients with PCOS was positively correlated with their early abortion rate after IUI (r=0.527, P<0.05). Conclusion: The higher BMI value of the infertility patients with PCOS is significantly correlated with their IUI failure, and which is also related to their clinical pregnancy rate after IUI. It is necessary to control the BMI value of the infertility patients with PCOS before IUI to reduce the risk of their adverse outcomes after IUI.

To stratification analyze the correlation between the age, the weight gain during pregnancy (GWG), the blood lipid level of pregnant women and their macrosomia based on the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of the women. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the women who had given birth from January 2020 to December 2023. According to the pre-pregnancy BMI, these women were divided into group A (women with prepregnancy BMI of 18.5kg/m2-24.0kg/m2) and group B (women with 24.0kg/m2≤ prepregnancy BMI <28kg/m2. The women in group A were further divided into group A1 (85 women with macrosomia) and group A1 (170 women without macrosomia), and the women in group B were further divided into group B1 (141 women with macrosomia) and group B1 (282 women without macrosomia). Multivariate logistic analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the age, the GWG and the blood lipid level of the women with different prepregnancy BMI and their macrosomia occurrence. Results: In group A, the age, the GWG and the serum TG level of the women in group A1 were significantly higher than those of the women in group A2 (P≤0.001), while there were no significant differences in the proportion of parity ≥2 times, the prepregnancy BMI value, the gestational weeks at delivery, and the serum HDL, LDL and TC levels of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). The advanced age and the more GWG of the women were the independent risk factors of their macrosomia occurrence (P<0.05), but the increased TG level of the women had no independent correlation with their macrosomia occurrence (P>0.05). In group B, the age, the GWG and the serum HDL, TC, and TG levels of the women in group B1 were significantly higher than those of the women in group B2 (P<0.001), while there were no significant differences in the proportion of parity ≥2 time, the pre-pregnancy BMI value, the gestational weeks at delivery and the serum LDL level of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). The advanced age, the more GWG and the higher levels of TC and TG of the women were the independent risk factors of their macrosomia occurrence (P<0.05). Conclusion: The advanced age and the more GWG of the women may increase the risk of their macrosomia occurrence. For the pregnant women with overweight before pregnancy, the increased blood lipid level is also the risk factor of their macrosomia occurrence. 

To analyze the influence of the serum anti Mullerian hormone (AMH) level, the luteinizing hormone (LH) /follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio and the homeostatic insulin assessment model insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value of pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome on their pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of the pregnant women who had received regular prenatal examinations in the hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were collected in this study retrospectively. Among them, 121 pregnant women with PCOS were selected in the study group and 60 normal pregnant women were selected in the control group. According to the pregnancy outcomes, the women in the study group were divided into group A (41 women with adverse pregnancy outcomes) and group B (80 women with normal pregnancy outcomes). The clinical data, the serum AMH level, the LH/FSH ratio and the HOMA-IR value of the women in these groups at the first admission examination were collected. The clinical data of the women were compared among these groups. The correlation between the changes of the serum AMH level, the LH/FSH ratio and the HOMA-IR value of the pregnant women with PCOS and their pregnancy outcomes was analyzed. Results: The body mass index (BMI) value, the serum AMH level, the LH/FSH ratio and the HOMA-IR value of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group, and which of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that the AMH level, the LH/FSH ratio and the HOMA-IR value of the women with PCOS were the independent factors influencing their adverse pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The serum AMH level, the LH/FSH ratio and the HOMA-IR value of the women with PCOS are all elevated abnormally, and all of which are the risk factors of the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women. The early detections of the serum AMH level, the LH/FSH ratio and the HOMA-IR value of the women with PCOS can help to predicting their pregnancy outcomes.

To observe the value of chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) combined with noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) technique for screening the fetal chromosomal abnormalities during the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods: From March 2019 to March 2023, 26888 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination during the second trimester of pregnancy in several screening institutions had received prenatal CMA, NIPT and other technical examinations to observe their fetal chromosomal abnormalities situation. The application value of CMA combined with NIPT for screening the chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus during the second trimester of pregnancy was analyzed. Results: Among 26,888 pregnant women, there were 12.2% women with prenatal diagnosis indications, and 564 (2.1%) women with the high risk of the fetal chromosomal abnormalities detected by NIPT. In 564 women who were given diagnosis by amniocentesis, there were 390 women with the fetal chromosomal abnormalities detected by CMA, and the coincidence rate between CMA and the NIPT screening results was 69.2%. There were 376 women with the fetal chromosomal abnormalities detected by chromosome karyotype analysis, and the coincidence rate between the karyotype analysis and the NIPT screening results was 66.7%. There was no significant difference in the coincidence rate for diagnosing the fetal chromosomal abnormalities of the women between CMA or chromosome karyotype analysis and NIPT (χ2=0.797, P=0.372). The sensitivity, the specificity, the accuracy, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and the kappa value of CMA for screening the fetal chromosomal abnormalities of the women were 93.6%, 79.8%, 89.0%, 90.3%, 86.2% and 0.75, respectively. The result of CMA showed that 11 women with abnormal sex chromosome or with trisomy 13, 18 and 21 had also the chromosome microduplication deletion. Conclusion: During the second trimester of pregnancy, NIPT can be used to screen the high risk of the fetal chromosome abnormalities. CMA or chromosomal karyotype analysis combined with NIPT is helpful to detect the fetal chromosomal abnormalities of the women.

To understand the current status of the induced abortion of childbearing age women with 20 to 35 years old, and to study the influence of post-abortion care (PAC) services for the women on their selection of the high-efficiency contraceptive measures after induced abortion, so as to provide the reference evidences for further optimizing PAC services. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the women of childbearing age aged 20-35 years who had accepted the termination of their unintended pregnancy from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023. PAC service consultation and follow-up were given to these women, and the implementation rates of the high-efficiency contraceptive measures of the women immediately after abortion and in 1, 3, and 6 months after abortion, and the incidence of the unintended pregnancy of the women in 6 and 12 months after abortion were analyzed. Results: A total of 1484 person-time of the women aged 20 to 35 years old who underwent induced abortions were included, and 763 (51.4%) women had repeated abortions. Among these women, most of them were married and had given birth. There were 28 (1.9%) women with unintended pregnancy again within 6 months after abortion, and 52 (3.5%) women with unintended pregnancy again within 1 year after abortion. Under the background of PAC service implementation, the using of the high-efficiency contraceptive methods, such as combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and intrauterine device (IUD) /intrauterine sustained release system (IUS) inserted, of the women had significantly increased compared with those before abortion, but the selection of the other contraceptive measures, such as condom, of the women had significantly decreased compared with those before abortion (all P<0.05). The rates of the high-effective contraception continuous used of the women in 1, 3, and 6 months after abortion were 94.4%, 94.2% and 93.9%, respectively, and the continuous using rate remained stable. The continuous using rate of COC of the women in 1, 3, and 6 months after abortion were 68.5%, 65.9%, and 65.3%, respectively, and which had slow decreased significantly, but the continuous using rate of IUD/IUS in 1, 3, and 6 months after abortion were 25.9%, 28.3% and 28.6%, respectively, and which had slow increased significantly (all P<0.05). The number of the repeated abortions of the women with COC used was significantly less than that of the women with the first abortion, and the number of the repeated abortions of the women with IUD/IUS used was significantly more than that of the women with the first abortion (P<0.05). Conclusion: The childbearing age women with 20-35 years old have the high rate of the repeated abortion and the low rate of the high-efficiency contraceptive measures used. The high-quality PAC service for the women of childbearing age can significantly improve their immediately implementation rate after abortion and the continued rate of the high-efficiency contraceptive measures, such as COC and IUD/IUS, and which can reduce the incidence of the unintended pregnancy again of the women.

To investigate the serological screening results of syphilis among women who participated in the free pre-pregnancy health examination program, and to provide the scientific evidences for preventing and controlling syphilis and eliminating mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Methods: The serological screening results of syphilis among women of childbearing age who participated in the national free pre-pregnancy health examination in Jiangsu province from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed, and the differences of which among these women with different social demographic characteristics were compared. Results: A total of 546950 women of childbearing age had participated in serological screening of syphilis in Jiangsu province, and the total positive rate of syphilis antibody was 0.3% (1644/546950). From 2010 to 2019, the positive rate of syphilis antibody of the women of childbearing age showed a gradually increasing trend (trend χ2=49.12, P<0.001). There were significant differences in the positive rates of syphilis antibody among the women with different age, among the women with different nationalities, among the women with different education levels, among the women with different occupations and among the women from different regions of Jiangsu province (P<0.05). The positive rate of syphilis antibody of the women of childbearing age showed a uptrend with the increase of their age or with the decrease of their education level (trend χ2=120.50, P<0.001; trend χ2=133.20, P<0.001). Conclusion: The personalized pre-pregnancy health education and the syphilis prevention and control measures for the women should be formulated according to the social and demographic characteristics.

Thalassemia is a prevalent inherited blood disorder, with the clinical features of the hemolytic anemia and iron overload. Some patients with thalassemia significantly increase the risk of the metabolic and endocrine diseases, such as the impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes. However, there is controversy about whether the thalassemia of the pregnant women increases the risk of their gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). At present, the thalassemia of the pregnant women has the adverse impact on their pregnancy outcomes universally. GDM is another common risk factor of the pregnant women leading to their adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is worth considering whether the thalassemia exacerbates the pregnancy outcomes by contributing to the risk of GDM occurrence of the pregnant women.

Ovarian cancer is a common malignant tumor threatening the life and the health of the women. The surgery of the ovarian cancer is one of the main treatment methods, and the postoperative nursing is very important for the recovery and the quality of life of the patients. The postoperative management for the patients after ovarian cancer surgery involves many aspects, including the early basic nursing, the residual and recurrence monitoring and the postoperative adjuvant therapy. The comprehensive evaluation of the postoperative recovery situation, the needs of the patients and the development of the personalized postoperative management plan for the patients are of the great significance for prolonging the survival and for improving quality of life of the patients. This paper mainly reviews the key points of the postoperative management for the patients with ovarian cancer and the new progress of the related research.