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Abstract To study the change of concentration of cupric ion in cervical mucus before and after copper-bearing intrauterine device (IUD) removal. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, women with copper-bearing IUD inserted for least 3 month were included in study group, and women with condoms used only were included in control group. The difference of copper ion concentration in cervical mucus before and 1 month and 6 months after the removal of IUD were measured and compared between the two groups. As well as the copper ion concentration in cervical mucus of women with IUD used for different time or IUD with different copper surface area in the study group was also measured and analyzed. Results: The concentration of copper ions in cervical mucus of women in the study group before IUD removal was 2.1 (1.4, 4.9) μg/g, which was significant higher than that ［0.2 (0.1, 0.3) μg/g］ of women in the control group (Z=-10.4, P< 0.0001). The copper ion concentration of women in the study group in 1 month and 6 months after IUD removal was 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) μg/g and 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) μg/g, which were similar to those of women in the control group (Z=-0.72, P=0.47; Z=-0.86, P=0.38). There was no significant difference in the concentration of copper ions in cervical mucus before IUD removal among women with different time of IUD used (χ2=3.35, P=0.34). The concentration of copper ions in the cervical mucus of women with copper surface area ≥300 mm2 before IUD removal was 2.2 (1.0, 15.3) μg/g, which had no significant different from that ［2.1 (1.4, 3.9) μg/g］ of women with copper surface area <300 mm2 (Z=0.29, P=0.77). Conclusion: The concentration of copper ions in cervical mucus of women will return to the normal level in 1 month after IUD removal. The copper ion concentration in cervical mucus of women is not related to the duration of IUD used and the copper surface area of copper-bearing IUD.
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