To investigate the current situation of the pain catastrovization of women with cesarean section, and to analyze the effects of the preoperative sleep and psychologic status of the women with cesarean section on their catastrophizing level of postoperative pain sleep, so as to provide evidences for developing the targeted analgesic strategies. Methods: A total of 778 women who were hospitalized for cesarean section were selected as the study objects from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. The general information questionnaire, the hospital anxiety and depression scale, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and the pain catastrophizing scale were used for investigation. Results: The score of the pain catastrophizing of the women with cesarean section was 43.49±11.04 points, and with the incidence of pain catastrophizing of 77.8%. The level of pain catastrophizing of the women was positively correlated with their situations of sleep, anxiety and depression(r=0.624, P<0.001; r=0.471, P<0.001; r=0.510, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the anxiety(OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.78-16.54) and the sleep quality(OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.16-15.55) of the women were the independent risk factors of their pain catastrophizing after cesarean section. Conclusion: The pain catastrocization level of the women after cesarean section is at high level. The developed measures of improving preoperative sleep and relieving preoperative anxiety of the women with cesarean section can help reduce their pain catastrocization level, improve their postpartum analgesic effect and promote their postpartum comfort level.