To investigate the status of the postpartum depression (PPD) of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to analyze the influencing factors of PPD. Methods: From June 2021 to August 2023, 274 pregnant women with GDM were selected in this study. These women were divided into group A (women with PPD) and group B (women without PPD) according to their PPD occurrence evaluated in the postpartum 6th week. The data in 21 items of the women in the two groups were collected by “pregnant women with GDM survey questionnaire”, and these data of the women were compared between the two groups. The factors related to PPD of the women were screened by multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 59 (21.5%) women with PPD were screened in this study. There were significant differences in the marital relationship, the personality type, the proportions of the newborns gender meeting the expectations, newborn diseases, postpartum diabetes and postpartum sleep disorders of the women between the two groups (P<0.05). The poor marital relationship (OR=2.249, 95%CI 1.213-4.170), the susceptible personality (OR=3.219, 95%CI 1.771-5.853), the newborns gender not meeting the expectation (OR=2.098, 95%CI 1.118-3.936), the postpartum diabetes (OR=2.517, 95%CI 1.376-4.603) and the postpartum sleep disorder (OR=2.846, 95%CI 1.609-5.034) of the women with GDM were the risk factors of their PPD occurrence. Conclusion: The poor marital relationship, the susceptible personality, the newborns gender not meeting the expectation, and the postpartum diabetes and sleep disorder of the women with GDM are related to their PPD occurrence. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the psychological situations of the pregnant women with GDM and with the above-mentioned characteristics, and the precise interventions should be carried out for these women timely to prevent and control their PPD occurrence.