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| Vaginal flora characteristics of pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis and the correlation between the bacterial vaginosis of and pregnancy outcomes |
| The Second Affiliated Hospital of XI'AN Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi Province, 710004 |
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Abstract To observe the vaginal flora distribution characteristics of pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis, and to study the correlation between the bacterial vaginosis of the women and their pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 936 pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis in the hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were included in this study. The distribution characteristics of vaginal pathogenic bacteria of the women were observed by detecting their vaginal secretions. The correlation between the distribution characteristics of the vaginal pathogenic bacteria of the women and their pregnancy outcomes was analyzed. Results: Among 936 women, 151 strains of bacteria of 143 cases were detected during the first trimester of pregnancy, 342 strains of bacteria of 329 women were detected during the second trimester of pregnancy, and 512 strains of bacteria of 464 women were detected during the third trimester of pregnancy. The main pathogenic bacteria were Gardnerella, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. There were 86 women with adverse pregnancy, with an incidence of 9.2%, including 76 cases with premature delivery and 10 cases with premature rupture of membranes. 163 strains and 30 strains of the pathogenic bacteria were detected in 86 women with adverse pregnancy. Gardnerella, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the main pathogenic bacteria of the women with premature delivery, and Gardnerella, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the main pathogenic bacteria of the women with premature rupture of membranes. The densities of Gardnerella vaginalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae of the women with adverse pregnancy outcomes were mainly grade III and grade IV, the density of Lactobacillus of the women with adverse pregnancy outcomes was mainly grade 0 and grade I, and which of all were statistically different from those of the women with normal pregnancy outcomes. The richness of the vaginal flora during the first, the second and the third trimester of pregnancy was statistically different between the women with adverse pregnancy outcomes and the women with normal pregnancy outcomes, and Shannon-Wiener index during the second and the third trimester of pregnancy was statistically different between the women with adverse pregnancy outcomes and the women with normal pregnancy outcomes (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The imbalance of the vaginal flora of the pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis is more common. The density and diversity of the pathogenic bacteria, such as Gardnerella vaginalis and Escherichia coli, of the pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes have higher rates of premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes significantly.
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