To investigate the status and the related factors of the irrational parenthood cognition of pregnant women assisted by artificial reproductive technology (ART). Methods: 240 pregnant women assisted by ART from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study objects. The general information of these women pregnant women were collected by questionnaire. The irrational parenthood cognition questionnaire (IPCQ), the fertility problem inventory (FPI) and the social support rating scale (SSRS) were used to evaluate the irrational parenthood cognition status, the fertility stress and the social support level of the women. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the fertility pressure and the social support of the women and their irrational parenthood cognition. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting the irrational parenthood cognition status of the pregnant women assisted by ART. Results: 240 women filled in the questionnaire, and 229 valid questionnaires were returned, and with the questionnaire qualified rate of 95.4%. Among 229 women, the scores of IPCQ, total FPI and SSRS were 45.32±7.34 points, 172.76±15.38 points and 26.13±4.15 points, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the monthly income, the education level and the duration of infertility of the women were related to their irrational parenthood cognition (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores of the dimensionalities of FPI and the total FPI score of the women were positively correlated to their IPCQ score, while the SSRS score of the women was negatively correlated to their IPCQ score (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the education level, the duration of infertility ≥5 years, the less personal monthly income, the more reproductive pressure and the less social support of the women with ART were the factors influencing their irrational parenthood cognition (P<0.05). Conclusion: The irrational parenthood cognition of the pregnant women with ART is at a medium or high level. The longer duration of infertility, the higher fertility pressure, the lower monthly income, education level and social support level of the women can increase their irrational parenthood cognition level, so which should be paid attention to in clinic, and the targeted nursing intervention should be implemented to reduce the level of irrational parenthood cognition of the women with ART.