To analyze the differential diagnosis efficacy of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for the invasiveness of ovarian cystic adenoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 104 patients with ovarian cystadenoma in hospital from September 2021 to December 2023. According to the pathological diagnosis, these patients were divided into group A (patients with ovarian cystadenocarcinoma (OCAC)) and group B (patients with ovarian cystadenoma (OCA)). The women in the two groups were given DCE-MRI and DWI examinations. The MRI data, such as measuring volume transfer constant (Ktrans), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), noise ratio (CNR), and so on, of the patients were collected and were statistically analyzed based on their pathological results. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the differential diagnostic value of the related parameters of DCE-MRI and DWI examinations of the patients for their invasiveness of OCAC. Results: The Ktrans value of the patients in group A was significantly higher than that of the patients in group B, and the CNR and ADC values of the patients in group A were significantly lower than those of the patients in group B (P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that the Ktrans value (AUC=0.973, 95%CI 0.920-0.995, P<0.001), the CNR value (AUC=0.854, 95%CI 0.772-0.916, P<0.001), the ADC value (AUC=0.793, 95%CI 0.703-0.866, P<0.001), and the value of the combined detections of Ktrans, CNR and ADC (AUC=0.994, 95%CI 0.955-1.000, P<0.001) of the patients for differential diagnosing their invasiveness of OCAC had certain values, and the value of the
combined detections of Ktrans, CNR and ADC had the highest differential diagnosis efficiency. Conclusion: DCE-MRI and DWI of the patients for differential diagnosing their invasiveness of OCAC have the identified value, and the value of the combined detections of Ktrans, CNR and ADC has the highest differential diagnosis efficiency.