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| Dietary behavior survey of pregnant women with the high risk gestational diabetes mellitus and its influencing factors analysis |
| Linhai Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province，311700 |
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Abstract To understand the dietary behavior survey of pregnant women with the high risk gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to study the related influencing factors of the dietary behavior. Methods: Convenience sampling method was used to select the pregnant women with the high risk GDM who visited the hospital for regular prenatal care from January to December 2023 as the research subjects. The general information questionnaire was used to collect the data of these women, such as the age, the gestational weeks, the parity, and so on. The dietary compliance scale was used to evaluate the dietary management behavior of the women, the Chinese version diabetes self-efficacy scale was used to evaluate the self-efficacy level of the women, and the perceived social support scale (PSSS) was used to assess the level of the social support of the women. The factors affecting the dietary behavior of the women with GDM were analyzed by multiple linear regression models. Results: The score of the dietary behavior of the pregnant women with high-risk GDM was 46.1±5.9 points, and the dietary behavior of the women was positively correlated with their self-efficacy and perceived social support (r=0.31, r=0.37, P<0.01). Multiple linear model analysis showed that the cultural level (β=0.31), the family monthly income (β=0.35), the cognitive level for GDM (β=0.29), the participative curriculum in the pregnant women school (β=0.15), and the self-efficacy (β=0.21) and the level of social support (β=0.28) of the women with high-risk GDM were the positive factors influencing their dietary behavior (P<0.05). Conclusion: The better dietary behavior of the pregnant women with high risk GDM is related to their high education level and family income, to their received the pregnancy health education, to their high cognitive level of GDM and to their high levels of self-efficacy and social support.
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