To study the correlation between the levels of serum pregnancy-associated protein A (PAPP-A) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and dietary anti-inflammatory index value and their change of postpartum blood glucose level. Methods: 118 pregnant women with GDM were selected in observation group, and 120 normal pregnant women were selected in control group from May 1, 2019 to May 1, 2022. The serum PAPP-A and SHBG levels and the different dietary anti-inflammatory index value of the women were compared between the two groups. The serum PAPP-A and SHBG levels were also compared among the women with different change of postpartum blood glucose levels. The correlation between the serum PAPPA and SHBG levels of the women and their dietary anti-inflammatory index value and change of postpartum blood glucose level was analyzed. Results: The levels of PAPP-A (245.41±3.25 ng/L) and SHBG (26.97±3.37 mmol/L) of the women in the observation group were significantly lower than those (296.71±3.14 ng/L and 44.41±3.06 mmol/L) of the women in the control group. In the observation group, the levels of PAPP-A and SHBG of the women with mild antiinflammatory tendency, of the women with anti-inflammatory tendency, and the women with pro-inflammatory tendency had decreased gradually. The levels of PAPP-A and SHBG of the women with the abnormal postpartum blood glucose level were significantly lower than those of the women with the normal postpartum blood glucose level. In the observation group, the abnormal blood glucose level and the pro-inflammatory tendency of DII of the women were negatively correlated with their serum PAPP-A and SHBG levels (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The serum PAPP-A and SHBG levels of the pregnant women with GDM decrease abnormally, and which were significantly correlated with the dietary anti-inflammatory index value and the change of postpartum blood glucose le of the women.