To explore the comparison on the effect of single epidural block and quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia of women after cesarean section. Methods: A total of 94 women who wanted cesarean section were enrolled and were randomly divided into group A (47 women with single epidural block for postoperative analgesia) and group B (47 women with quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia) between June 2019 and June 2022. The scores of numerical rating scale (NRS) and Bromage exercise, the time of the first getting out of bed, the first exercise time, the first press time, the number of effective pression, the analgesia satisfaction, and the situations of urinary retention, slow action, respiratory depression, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) of the women were compared between the two groups. Results: The NRS score at rest and in exercise of the women at 12h and 24h after surgery had no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05), and the NRS score of the women at 4h and 8h after surgery in group B was significantly lower than that of the women in group A (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Bromage score of the women at each time point after surgery between the two groups (P>0.05). The number of effective pressions (51.3±18.1 times) of the women in group B was significantly lower than that (64.1±22.7 times) of the women in group A, and the satisfaction of analgesia (8.72±0.90 points) of the women in group B was significantly higher than that (8.01±0.88 points) of the women in group A. The rates of urinary retention (8.5%) and overall incidence of adverse reactions (21.3%) of the women in group B were significantly lower than those (23.4% and 42.6%) of the women in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with those of single epidural block, quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia has better analgesia effect and higher analgesia satisfaction of the women who had undergone cesarean section, and which can reduce the incidence of the adverse reaction of the women.