To analyze the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-37 (IL-37), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in serum and peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis (EMT), and to explore their   relevant to the infertility of the women. Methods: The clinical data of 82 women with EMT confirmed by pathology after laparoscopic surgery from November 2017 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, which included 35 women with EMT only in group A and 37 women with EMT complicated with infertility in group B. 50 women after surgery because of ovarian cyst, teratoma, and uterine fibroid during the same period were selected in group C. The changes of the levels of IL-6, IL-37 and TNF-α in serum and peritoneal fluid of the women in three groups were observed and analyzed, and which relevant to infertility of these women was analyzed. Results: The levels of IL-6, IL-37 and TNF-α in serum and peritoneal fluid of the women in group B were significant higher than those of the women in group A, and which of the women in group B and group A were significant higher than those of the women in group C (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the serum IL-6 level, IL-37 level, and TNF-αlevel for predicting infertility of the women with EMT were 0.719, 0.698, and 0.730, respectively, and the AUC of the combined detections of the serum IL-6, IL-37 and TNF-αlevels for predicting infertility of the women with EMT was 0.880. The AUC of peritoneal fluid IL-6 level, IL-37 level, and TNF-αlevel for predicting infertility of the women with EMT were 0.741, 0.675, and 0.734, respectively, and the AUC of the combined detection of the peritoneal fluid IL-6, IL-37 and TNF-αlevels was 0.894. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of IL-6, IL-37 or TNF-α in serum and peritoneal fluid were positively correlated each other. Conclusion: The levels of IL-6, IL-37 and TNF-α in serum and peritoneal fluid of the women were closely association with their EMT occurrence and the incidence of infertility, and their levels of IL-6, IL-37, and TNF-α in serum and peritoneal fluid are positively correlated with each other.