Abstract To understand the development of life loss caused by birth defects in China in the 21st century, especially since the issuance of the twochild policy, so as to provide evidence for the objective understanding of the disease burden of birth defects in the new era. Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease research data, this paper analyzed the life loss caused by early death of birth defects in four representative years of 2000, 2010, 2015 and 2017, and explored the life loss caused by early death of seven major birth defects. Results: Since the 21st century, the overall years of life lost (YLLs) and YLL rate of birth defects in China have gradually decreased, and the YLL rate has maintained a downward trend before and after the twochild policy. The YLL rate dropped from 315.2 per 100,000 in 2015 to 259.8 per 100,000 in 2017. At the same time, there were age and gender differences in life loss caused by the early death of all kinds of birth defects, with the highest of the 0 years old group, and then gradually decreasing with the growth of age. The YLLs and YLL rates of men were all around 1.3 times higher than those of women in each year. However, with the development of time, the YLLs and YLL rates of all kinds of diseases kept a downward trend year by year, but the specific development trend varied from year to year. Congenital heart disease ranked the first in the life loss caused by birth defects, with the YLL rate of 516.2 per 100,000, which is much higher than other birth defects. At the same period, the life loss caused by the death of neural tube defects was greatly improved, with the YLL rate decreasing from 76.3 per 100,000 in 2000 to 11.5 per 100,000 in 2017. Conclusion: Birth defects bring great burden to the society and family, especially the loss of life caused by early death of infants and men.
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