To analyze the current situation of reproductive health education from primary healthcare institutions, and to provide methods and insights for improving the ability of primary reproductive health education. Methods：The stratified cluster sampling method was adopted in this survey, and one prefecture-level city from northern Zhejiang, central Zhejiang, or southern Zhejiang was selected as a representative for investigation. All 24 county-level maternal and child health care institutions and 380 township health centers or community health service center under jurisdiction from these 3 cities were selected to conduct this questionnaire survey. The survey content covered 14 items from 4 categories, which included overall scale of the institutions, main content and means of carrying out reproductive health education, current status of personnel engaged in reproductive health education, path of professional development, and situation of continuing education training. Results： Only 12.6% of the surveyed institutions have full-time providers engaged in reproductive health education, of which the proportion of health technicians is extremely low, not exceeded 1%. Only 17.5% of the full-time reproductive health education providers had technical titles related to reproductive health education. The way of delivering reproductive health knowledge in institutions was rather simple. The multimedia in dissemination used for reproductive health knowledge in township institutions level was not widespread enough. Conclusion：To ensure the quality and effectiveness of reproductive health education, it is necessary to set up special reproductive health education posts in primary medical institutions to improve skills training specially for reproduction health education, to cultivate a team of high-quality reproductive health professionals, and to improve the reproductive health education capacity of primary-level medical institutions comprehensively.