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Abstract Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of GRP78 and P53 protein in serum and placenta of pregnant women with different types of preeclampsia. Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2018, 30 pregnant women with early-onset preeclampsia (group A), 30 pregnant women with lateonset preeclampsia (group B), and 30 healthy pregnant women (group C) were selected in this study. The expression of GRP78 and P53 in serum and placenta of the women in the three groups were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and SP immunohistochemical methods, meanwhile the mRNA expression levels of GRP78 and P53 in the placenta tissues were detected by the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: The levels of mRNA and protein of GRP78 and P53 in serum and placenta tissues of women in group C were significant higher than those of women in group A and B (P<0.05). The GRP78 protein in the placenta of women in group C was mainly expressed in the yellow and light brown areas, and the GRP78 protein in the placenta of women in group A and B was mainly expressed in the dark and light brown areas, and the brown area of women in group A and B was significant more than that of women in group C. P53 protein was mainly expressed in cytotrophoblast cells. The positive expression levels of GRP78 and P53 protein of women in group A and B were significant higher than those of women in group C (P<0.05). The levels of mRNA and protein of GRP78 and P53 in serum and placenta tissues of women had no significant difference between group A and group B (P>0.05). Conclusion: The levels of GRP78 and P53 protein in serum and placenta tissues of pregnant women with preeclampsia are high, which indicate that there is a certain relationship between the changes of GRP78 and P53 protein levels and the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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