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Abstract increased nuchal translucency() and cystic hygroma(CH) are two important markers for abnormal fetus in first trimester pregnancy, which are relevant with karyotype abnormality, fetal structural anomalies, and genetic syndrome of fetus. The correct interpretation of NT and CH is closely related to subsequent diagnosis and treatment. In this article, the principle of NT and CH based is reviewed in detail based on early embryonic development, and the relationship between NT and CH is analyzed. Additionally, the difference of prenatal diagnosis, abnormal outcomes, and treatment are summarized and compared between NT and CH.
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