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Abstract Objective: To investigate the expression of serum kisspeptin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to explore the relationship between kisspeptin and the pathogenesis or abnormal metabolism of women with PCOS. Methods：73 women diagnosed as PCOS were included in the PCOS group, and the control group included 63 women who were treated for infertility because of tubal factors at the same time. The related detail information of all included women was recorded. The levels of Kisspeptin were detected by ELISA, levels of sex hormone in serum were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence, and the insulin release experiments were conducted by glucose oxidase method. The results were further analyzed. Results：The level of Kisspeptin of women in PCOS group (265.8± 214.7) was significant higher than that of women in control group (219.1±165.7) (P<0.05). The level of Kisspeptin of normal weight women in PCOS group (350.5±240.3) had increased most obviously, which was significant higher than that of overweight or obesity women in PCOS group (219.0±185.6), and also was significant higher than that of overweight or obesity women (216.7±124.7) and normal weight women(219.7±175.9) in control group(P<0.05). The level of serum Kisspeptin of women was positively correlated with level of luteinizing hormone (r=0.23，P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with the area under the curve of glucose and insulin（r=0.26 and r=0.24, respectively）, and also was negatively correlated with level of triglyceride (r=0.24). Conclusion：The level of serum Kisspeptin of normal weight women with PCOS increases, and is positively correlated with level of LH, which may play an important role in ovulation disorder of patients with PCOS by regulating the level of luteinizing hormone. The level of Kisspeptin of obese or over weigh women with PCOS reduces, and is negatively correlated with level of abnormal glucose, insulin and dyslipidemia. Kisspeptin play a role in abnormal metabolic，and the effects are different between overweight or obese women with PCOS and normal weight women with PCOS.
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