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Wang Yuanyuan, Li Bing, Xin Xiaona, Peng Zuoqi, Mei Hongguang, Liu Kejun, Ma Xu
Objective: To provide advices to government for decision-making by comparing the traditional patterns and modern model of free contraceptives delivering in Beijing. Methods: Group interviews were set out in six districts selected by stratified sampling method. And the methods of contraceptives delivering in every district were investigated. Results: Modern model had wider population coverage than the traditional one. The job of contraceptives staff was be cut out. It was easier to integrate the management into the services in the modern delivery model. Conclusion: The modern contraceptives delivery is more suitable for developmental characteristics of the urban population with more extensive coverage and more scientific management compared with the old one.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 442- [Abstract]（
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Zhu Dongyun, Ji Huaping
Objective: To explore the knowledge and the contraceptive service providing capability of grass-root family planning workers. Methods: Evaluation standards for the modeling consultation about contraceptive services were established by experts. Service capabilities and the knowledge were evaluated by a modeling consulation test and a test of theory in 30 technicians from either family planning service centers in Xinpu District or birth control service offices in two villages and one town. Results: The average scores of the modeling consultation and theory tests were 67.77 and 76.19, respectively. Conclusion: Most of the workers have capabilities of providing contraceptive services as well as high knowledge level. However, most of them lack of consultation skills. It is suggested to improve the consultation capability and professional knowledge level as well as enhance the service awareness.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 446- [Abstract]（
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Pei Lijun, Wang Yafei, Guo Chao, Zhu Lin, Jiang Suzhen, Zheng Xiaoying
Objective: To evaluate the associations between the risk of missed abortion and spontaneous abortion and ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) of reproductive tract infections among Chinese women. Methods: Multiple databases were searched and odd ratio (OR) was pooled using Mantel-Haenszel method. A meta-regression analysis was performed using restricted maximum likelihood. Results: The risks of spontaneous abortion and missed abortion were associated with intrauterine UU infection, the pooled OR was 4.72 (95% CI: 3.77-5.92) and 4.31 (95% CI: 2.68-6.94), respectively. The risks of spontaneous abortion and missed abortion recurrence enhanced significantly along with the increasing frequency of UU infection. Conclusion: There are significant associations between UU infection of reproductive tract and the risks of spontaneous abortion as well as missed abortion. It suggests that the combination of UU quantitative and qualitative detection should be considered in order to prevent the antibiotic misuse in reproductive women.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 449- [Abstract]（
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Li Juan, Gai Ling, Wei Bing, Wang Hongyan, Wang Leiguang, Qiu Yi, Zhang Qi, Yu Xiaojie
Objective: To explore the effect of different kinds of somatic cell co-culture systems on in vitro development of mouse early embryos. Methods: Kunming mouse 2-cell embryos were cultured to blastocysts with co-culture systems of three kinds of somatic cells (human cumulus cells, Kunming mouse cumulus cells and Kunming mouse fibroblasts). Blastocyst formation rates, cell numbers and apoptotic rates were compared with the control group. Results: After 24 to 48 hours of culture in vitro, differences in formation rates of 4- to 8-cell embryos and morulas were not found between the co-culture systems group and the control group (P>0.05). After 72 hours of culture in vitro, there were no diffecences in the formation rates of expanded blastocysts and blastocysts among three groups of co-culture systems (P>0.05), while which were significantly higher than those of the control group. There were no differences in mean cell number and the apoptotic rate of blastocysts among three groups of co-cluture systems(P>0.05). But there were significant differences between the co-culture systems group and the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Different types of somatic cell co-culture systems may provide an in vitro environment similar with in vivo environment for embryo culture, which facilitate the in vitro development of embryos.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 455- [Abstract]（
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Wang Ning, Geng Linlin, Zhang Shucheng, He Bin, Wang Jiedong
Objective: To explore the molecular basis of human endometrium of different patterns by ultrasound examination. Methods: The mRNA and protein expression levels of progesterone receptor A (PRA) and PRB were evaluated in different patterns of endometrium by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results: There were differences in the mRNA and protein expression levels of PRB in the Pattern A and Pattern C endometria of the implantation window. No difference was found in PRA expression levels. Conclusion: PRB plays an important role in mediating the responsiveness of endometrium to progesterone during the implantation window in the endometria, which may be the molecular basis for the classification of ultrasonic patterns.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 459- [Abstract]（
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Yuan Yanling, Ye Hanfeng, Su Cunmei, Wang Jianlan, You Dingyun, Li Genrui
Objective: To explore the life style and environmental risk factors as well as the provision of basic preconception care among Yunnan rural couples of childbearing age. Methods: A total of 8 677 childbearing aged couples who had a live birth history within one year in three project counties of Yunnan Province were investigated with a questionnaire, and 8 656 valid questionnaires were obtained.The correlating items were analysed using chi-square test and logistic regression.Family planning service providers and childbearing aged couples were interviewed personally. Results: The incidence rate of adverse pregnancy outcome was 10.16%,and the top three list were premature birth (38.63%), macrosomia (26.93%), low birth weight (25.45%). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome were gestational age, male smoking and tobacco consumption, maternal drinking and use of folic acid, planned pregnancy, psychological feelings and interpersonal relationships during pregnancy. Qualitative interviews also verified this result. Conclusion: The proportion of rural childbearing aged women exposuring to risk factors is very high. Social history and unhealthy lifestyle are the main related factors with adverse pregnancy outcome. Providing planned pregnancy family with effective health education and a safe, standard and personalized pre-pregnancy health examination service may reduce or eliminate risk factors, such as the unhealthy life style and behaviors.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 463- [Abstract]（
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Feng Wei, Dai Baozhen, Chen Ying
Objective: To explore the category and causes of reproductive system diseases among married women at reproductive age, and find ways to reduce the prevalence of diseases in Inner Mongolia. Methods: With a cluster sampling, 29 506 married women aged 18 to 49 were recruited in 12 cities of Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. A questionnaire survey as well as pelvic and breast examination, and laboratory examination were conducted. Results: The prevalence rate of reproductive system diseases was 45.6% (City: 44.1%; Rural: 43.7%; Pasturing area: 57.2%). The prevalence rates of reproductive tract infection, breast diseases and female infertility were 45.55%, 11.16% and 1.01%, respectively. The prevalence rate of female infertility decreased from rural, city to pasturing area. As far as the category was concerned, the top three kinds of diseases were cervical erosion (18.32%), vaginitis (15.03%), cyclomastopathy (10.63%). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of reproductive system diseases among married women is higher in Inner Mongolia, and many factors may contribute to it. A series of intervention measures should be developed to improve reproductive health of married women at reproductive age.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 467- [Abstract]（
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Sun Guangfan, Lin Xia, Wang Ying, Luan Feng, Ye Yufang, Li Shijie, Yan Youliang, Shang Xue
Objective: To explore the hospital standardized model of post-abortion care. Methods: Women with unintended pregnancy and seeking for induced abortion (including medical abortion and manual vacuum aspiration) between October 2009 and October 2010 were recruited and randomly divided into the study group and the control group. Women in the control group were provided with regular abortion services and those in the study group with additional one-to-one consulting service in a special place and by specially trained medical providers, and contraceptive measure immediately after an induced abortion. Women were followed up within one year after intervention. Results: The follow-up rates of the two groups were 89.33% and 75.63%, and the rates of contraceptive method use immediately after induced abortion were 97.3% and 1.6% respectively, showing significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The contraceptive method user one year after induced abortion in the study group was significantly more than that in the control group, while the recurrent abortion rate and the incidence of complications associated with the recurrent abortion were lower (P all <0.05). Conclusion: The hospital standardized model of post-abortion care mentioned above can reduce the recurrent abortion rate effectively and improve women's reproductive health. It maybe a viable and effective method for promoting post-abortion care.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 470- [Abstract]（
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Lei Jieying, Xie Xiaojuan
Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of moxibustion with moxa box on recovery of painless induced abortion. Methods: A total of 180 early pregnant women seeking for painless induced abortion were equally and randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. Women in the treatment group were treated with moxibustion with moxa box for 30 minutes on Guanyuan (RN 4) and Zhongji (RN 3) at half an hour after the operation and on the first postoperative day, while those in the control group received routine treatment without moxibustion with moxa box. Results: Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of postpartum pain one hour after operation and on the first postoperative day in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group. The amount and the duration of vaginal bleeding in the treatment group were less than those of the control group. And VAS scores of abdominal pain were lower and the duration of abdominal pain were less in the treatment group than those of the control group (P all <0.01). The amount of the first normal menstruation after induced abortion was less and the VAS score of menstrual cramps was lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The moxibustion with moxa box could significantly alleviate the postoperative pain, shorten the duration of abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, reduce the amount of vaginal bleeding, promote the recovery of menstruation, and relieve menstrual cramps. It is safe and worth for clinical use.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 473- [Abstract]（
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Ou lei, Guo Yihong, Sun Yingpu, Su Yingchun, Lu Na
Objective: To study the relationship between ovarian stromal blood flow parameters and ovarian response and clinical pregnancy outcome in the process of IVF/ICSI-ET. Methods: A total of 1 031 infertile women seeking for the treatment of IVF/ICSI-ET were divided into pregnancy group and non-pregnancy group according to pregnancy outcome and normal ovarian response group and low ovarian response group according to the number of oocytes retrieved. The ovarian stromal blood flow parameters (RI, PSV, EDV, S/D) on the first day of gonadotropin injection were evaluated. Result: The values of PSV and EDV in low ovarian response group were significantly lower than those in normal ovarian response group (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in ovarian stromal blood flow parameters between pregnancy group and non-pregnancy group (P>0.05). Conclusion: PSV and EDV are the effective indicators for prediction of ovarian response because they have a close relation with ovarian response.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 476- [Abstract]（
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Tao Guozhen, Xu Yumei, Li Juan, Sun Lin, Liu Jinyun, Yu Jianchun
Objective: To explore the clinical use of self-made semen-storing cervical cap on the outcome of artificial insemination with husband sperm in infertile women with abnormal anatomical position of the cervix. Methods: Sixty-six infertile women with abnormal anatomical position of the cervix were prospectively randomized to 3 groups: the experimental group, control group A and B. Women in the experimental group received underwent artificial insemination with semen-storing cervical cap. And those in control group A and B received cervical artificial insemination and intrauterine insemination, respectively. The pregnancy rate was evaluated. Results: The pregnancy rate of the experimental group and was 21.86% (14/65), significantly higher than that of control group A (8.06%, 5/62, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the pregnancy rate between the experimental group and control group B (23.21%, 13/56, P>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of artificial insemination with semen-storing cervical cap is similar with that of intrauterine insemination and higher than that of cervical artificial insemination for patients with abnormal anatomical position of the cervix. It may be a simple, convenient and effective method for artificial insemination.
2012 Vol. 20 (7): 479- [Abstract]（
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