To analyze the situations, the drug resistance and the risk factors of the ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) and mycoplasma hominis (Mh) infections of infertility women. Methods: 234 infertility women who visited the hospital from January 2020 to May 2024 were selected in study group, and 234 healthy women of childbearing age who had a history of childbirth were selected in control group during the same period based on the matched 1:1 in age. The cervical secretions of the women from both groups were collected for Uu and Mh cultures. The infection of mycoplasma was counted, and the drug susceptibility test was carried out to analyze the drug resistance of mycoplasma. Logistic regression analysis was applied to screen the risk factors of the mycoplasma infection of the infertility women. Results: The rates of mycoplasma infection (50.4%), Uu infection (38.9%) and Uu complication with Mh infection (8.6%) of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those (10.3%, 9.0% and 0.9%) of the women in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Mh infection rate (3.0% vs. 0.4%) of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). The drug resistance of Uu for azithromycin was high, and the percentage of which was >90.0%. The drug resistance of Uu for doxycycline, sparfloxacin, roxithromycin, spectinomycin and josamycin were low, and the percentages of which were <10.0%. The drug resistance of Uu for josamycin was not existed, and the percentage of which was 0. The drug resistances of Mh for ciprofloxacin, roxithromycin and azithromycin were high, and the percentages of which were >85.0%, and the drug resistances of Mh for doxycycline and josamycin were not existed, and the percentage of which was 0. The drug resistances of Uu and Mh for ciprofloxacin and roxithromycin were high, and the percentages of which were >90.0%. The drug resistance of Uu and Mh for doxycycline, minocycline and josamycin were low, and the percentages of which were <10.0%.  The drug resistance of Uu and Mh for spectinomycin were not existed, and the percentage of which was 0. The Age of the first sexual behavior ≤18 years old (95%CI 1.379-2.277), the frequency of sexual life of 1-2 times per week (95%CI 2.392-13.010), and the frequency of sexual life ≥3 times per week (95%CI 2.29821.211), the cervical erosion (95%CI 1.662-6.736), the history of urinary tract infection (95%CI 1.907-4.661) and the number of sexual partners ≥2 persons (95%CI 1.990-15.458) of the infertility women were the independent risk factors of their mycoplasma infection (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The main mycoplasma infected in the infertile women in this survey was Uu infection. Different mycoplasma had different drug resistance to antibiotics. The clinical treatment can give preference to select doxycycline and azithromycin, sparfloxacin, and so on. The mycoplasma infection of the infertility women is related to the young age of the first sexual behavior, the high frequency of sexual life, the cervical erosion, the history of genitourinary tract infection and the more numbers of sexual partners of the women, so the effective measures should be taken for the infertility women according to these risk factors.