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| Effect of antiviral therapy combined with standard blocking measures for preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) of pregnant women with high viral load of HBV |
| Guang'an People's Hospital, Guang'an, Sichuan Province, 638000 |
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Abstract To investigate the level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) -DNA and the HB e antigen (HBeAg) positivity situation of pregnant women with high HBV load, and to analyze the effect of the antiviral treatment combined with standard blocking measures for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HBV during pregnancy. Methods: The clinical data of 120 pregnant women with high HBV load who gave birth in the hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were collected retrospectively. The HBV-DNA level and the HBeAg positive rate of the women during pregnancy and before delivery were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing of the positive HBeAg situation of the women. The efficacy and safety of the antiviral therapy for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HBV of the women during pregnancy were analyzed. Results: Among 120 pregnant women with the high HBV load, there were 93 cases had received antiviral therapy during pregnancy (in study group), including 56.6% women treated by tenofovir and 20.8% women treated by lamivudine, and there were 27 cases hadn’t received the antiviral therapy during pregnancy (in control group). There were no significant differences in the HBV-DNA load and the HBeAg positive rate of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportion (7.5%) of the women with HBV-DNA load ≥106 IU/ml before delivery in the study group was significantly lower than that (92.6%) of the women in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the rate of positive HBeAg (90.3% vs. 92.6%) of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the less age and the high HBV-DNA load of the women were the independent risk factors for their positive HBeAg status (P<0.05). The rate of preventing mother-to-child transmission of HBV (100.0%) of the women in the study group was significantly higher than that (92.6%) of the women in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the neonatal weight, and the rates of preterm birth, cesarean section, pregnancy complications and complications during labor of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The pregnant women with high HBV load have higher HBV-DNA level. The HBeAg positive rate of the women is related to their less age and high HBV-DNA load. The antiviral treatment during pregnancy for the women with HBV infection can decrease the level of HBV-DNA load of the women before delivery, and the antiviral treatment during pregnancy combined with standard blocking measures for treating the pregnant women with HBV infection can improve the blocking rate of mother-to-child transmission of HBV, and with good safety.
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