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| Related gene screening of pregnant population with high-risk of folic acid metabolism disorder in Qionghai area and the efficacy of the folic acid application |
| 1. Qionghai Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Qionghai Hainan Province, 571400；2. Hainan Provincial People's Hospital (Hainan Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College), Haikou, Hainan Province |
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Abstract To explore the related gene screening of pregnant population with high-risk of folic acid metabolism disorder, and to study the efficacy of the folic acid application. Methods: The clinical data of 1964 women with pre pregnancy examinations or with antenatal examination during the first trimester of pregnancy from January 2019 to January 2022 were collected. The A66G site of methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) gene and the related genes A1298C and C677T sites of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene of these women were detected by PCR technology. Folate metabolism risk assessment of these women had been conducted. 458 women without folate metabolism risk were in group A, and 1505 women with folate metabolism risk were in group B, including women with low, medium, or high folate metabolism risk. 1050 with medium or high folate metabolism risk were divided into group C (479 women with oral folic acid) and group D (571 women without oral folic acid). The adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as birth defects, premature delivery, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and the pregnancy related complications of the women in the two groups were counted. Results: The genotype and allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, and MTRR A66G of the women in group B were significantly higher than those of the women in group A (P<0.05), but which of the women had no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidences of the birth defects (1.3%), the spontaneous abortion (3.3%), the preterm delivery (4.0%), and the pregnancy-induced hypertension (4.0%) of the women in group C were significantly lower than those (6.0%, 7.0%, 8.4%, and 11.9%) of the women in group D (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus and anemia of the women between group C and group D (P>0.05). The incidences of premature rupture of membranes (0.8%) and abnormal amniotic fluid (3.9%) of the women in group C were significantly lower than those (2.0% and 7.9%) of the women in group D. There were no significant differences in the incidences of placenta previa, placental abruption, and abnormal umbilical cord of the women between group C and group D (P>0.05). Conclusion: MTHFR and MTRR gene sites may be the potential influencing factors of the high risk of pregnancy diseases caused by folic acid metabolism disorder. The scientific administration of folic acid can effectively reduce the pregnancy complications and improve the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the women.
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