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Abstract To explore the correlation between hemolytic disease of neonate (HDN) of ABO blood type incompatibility and their blood detective indicators, and to study the blood types distribution of HDN. Methods: The clinical data of 2,565 pregnant women who gave birth between April 2016 and April 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The neonatal cord blood and the blood of their parents were collected for anticoagulant blood testing. The prevalence of HDN was calculated. The correlation between the prevalence of HDN and the IgG anti-A (B) antibody titer of the pregnant women was analyzed. The neonates were divided in group A (109 cases with HDN) and group B (2456 without HDN). The prevalence of HDN was compared between the two groups. The correlation between HDN and the blood indicators of the neonate was analyzed. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of the blood indicators for predicting HDN. Results: There were 109 (4.2%) neonates with HDN. The main blood type of the neonates with HDN was O-A-A, and followed by O-AB-A blood type. The higher serum IgG anti-A (B) titer of the women was, the higher the incidence of their HDN. Spearman analysis showed that the rate of HDN of the neonate was negatively correlated with their hemoglobin content and was positively correlated with the values of their neutrophil and, mean RBC hemoglobin concentration, and total bilirubin. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the total bilirubin value, the mean RBC hemoglobin concentration, the neutrophil value, the hemoglobin value, and the combination of the total bilirubin value, the mean RBC hemoglobin concentration, the neutrophil value, and the hemoglobin value of the neonate for early predicting HDN were 0.954, 0.865, 0.925, 0.738, and 0.991, respectively, which all had certain clinical guiding values for diagnosis and treatment of HDN. Conclusion: HDN of the neonate with ABO blood group incompatibility are mainly O-A-A type. The blood detective indicators for predicting HDN has certain clinical significance, which suggests that early detection of thes blood indicators and timely diagnosis and treatment of HDN should be conduct in clinic.
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