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Abstract To investigate the expression levels of miR-129-5p in serum, villi, and decidua of patients with recurrent unexplained spontaneous abortion (RUSA), and to study its clinical significance. Methods: A total of 148 patients with RUSA were selected in research group from October 2018 to September 2021, and 80 normal pregnant women who wanted early artificial abortion were selected in control group during the same period. The levels of miR-129-5p in the serum, villi, and decidua of the women in the two groups were detected. The correlation between the levels of miR-129-5p in serum, chorion, and decidua of the women and the levels of their serum progesterone (P), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The value of miR-129-5p expression in serum, villi, and decidua of the women for diagnosing their RUSA was analyzed. Results: The levels of miR -129-5p in serum (0.33±0.04), in villi (0.30±0.03), and in decidua (0.28±0.02) of the women in the research group were significantly lower than those (1.12±0.11, 1.35±0.13, and 1.13±0.12) of the women in the control group. The levels of serum P, hCG, and VEGF of the women in the research group were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group, and the serum IL-2 level of the women in the research group was significantly higher than that of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of miR-129-5P in serum, in villi, or in decidua of the women in the research group was positively correlated with their levels of serum P, hCG and VEGF, but was negatively correlated with their IL-2 level (all P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the level of miR-129-5P in serum, in villi, or in decidua of the women for the diagnosing their RUSA was 0.820, 0.912, or 0.856, the cut-off value of which was 0.60, 0.83, or 0.72, the sensitivity of which was 74.8%, 81.0%, or 71.6%, respectively, and the specificity of which was 81.2%, 89.6%, or 91.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The expressions of miR-129-5p in the serum, villi, and decidua of the women with RUSA are abnormally decreased and are closely related to the inflammatory response and inhibiting angiogenesis of the women, which have some values for diagnosing RUSA of the women.
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