To explore the influencing factors of pregnancy of infertile patients with ovarian endometriosis cyst after laparoscopic surgery, and to analyze the predictive value of endometriosis fertility index (EFI) score for postoperative pregnancy. Methods: 106 infertility patients with ovarian endometriosis cyst from May 2015 to May 2019 were selected retrospectively. These patients were divided in group A (64 cases with pregnancy) and group B (42 cases without pregnancy) according to the postoperative pregnant situation. The related influencing factors of the postoperative pregnancy and the predictive value of EFI score for the postoperative pregnancy were analyzed. Results: There were no significantly differences in the value of body mass index, the cyst location and type, the lesion characteristics, the severity of dysmenorrhea, and the adjuvant medication situation of the patients between the two groups (P>0.05), there were no significantly differences in the age, the type and the duration of infertility, the R-AFS stage, the cyst exfoliation method, the cyst diameter, and EFI score of the patients between the two groups (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age, the infertility type, the infertility duration, the R-AFS stage, the cyst diameter, and the EFI score of the patients were all related to their postoperative pregnancy (P<0.05). The cyst exfoliation method of the patients was not associated with their postoperative pregnancy (P>0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that EFI score of the patients had good accuracy for predicting their postoperative pregnancy, the area under the curve, the sensitivity, and the specificity of which were 0.716, 81.3%, and 61.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Age, the type of infertility, the infertility duration, the R-AFS stage, the cyst diameter, and the EFI score of the patients are all the related factors of their postoperative pregnancy. The EFI score of the patients can be used as the predictor for their postoperative pregnancy.