To analyze the effect of laparoscopic myomectomy guilded by transvaginal ultrasonography for preventing the residue and recurrence of women with multiple myomata. Methods: The patients with multiple myomata multiple intramural myomyoma and subserosal myoma were selected and were divided into control group and observation group according to the random numbers table from October 2016 to October 2018. The patients in the control group were given conventional laparoscopic myomectomy, while the patients in the observation group were given laparoscopic myomectomy guilded by transvaginal ultrasonography. The situation of residual and recurrence of women between the two groups, and the risk factors of myomata recurrence were analyzed. Results: The operation time of patients in the observation group was 65.2±12.6 min, which was significant longer than that (59.8±12.7 min) of patients in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative exhaust time, and postoperative hospitalization time of patients between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of residual myomata after surgery, the the diameter of residual fibroids, and the recurrence rate of myomata of patients in the observation group were 4.3%, 0.58±0.19 cm, and 5.7%, which were significant lower than those (14.3%, 1.57± 0.51cm, and 17.1%) in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative recurrence time between the two groups (P>0.05). The patients with 3-5number of myomata and the operation without ultrasound guidance were the risk factors of postoperative recurrence of uterine myomata (P<0.05), while the age and maximum myomata diameter of patients were not correlated with the recurrence (P>0.05). Conclusion: The transvaginal ultrasonic location during laparoscopic myomectomy can reduce the risk of residual and recurrence of patients after operation.