To analyze the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COC) on postoperative complications and ovarian function of women after induced abortion. Methods: 150 women after abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy were divided into group A (50 women were given Marvelon), group B (50 women were given Diane-35), and group C (50 women were not given any controceptive) according to their controceptive schedule from January 2018 to June 2018. The bleeding volume after abortion, endometrium situation, complications, and the serological indexes of ovarian function in the early follicular phase of women were compared among these groups. Result: The days and amount of vaginal bleeding of women in group A were the lowest, but those of women in group C were the highest. The rate of menstrual punctual recovery of women in group A was the highest, but that of women in group C was lowest (all P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complication of women in group A and B were 0.0% and 0.0%, which was significant lower than that (14.0%) of women in group C (P<0.05). The levels of serum LH, E2, AMH, and INH-B, and the improvement of PI value and endometrial blood flow signal of women in group A and B were significant higher than those of women in group C, but the levels of FSH, FN, and PSV were significant lower than those of women in group C (all P<0.05). There were no significant different in the levels of serum LH, E2, AMH, and INH-B, and the improvements of PI value and endometrial blood flow signal, and the levels of FSH, FN, and PSV of women between group A and B. Conclusion: The short acting COC can effectively reduce the postoperative complications and improve ovarian function of women after abortion. And Marvelon and Diane-35 have the same safety and efficacy.