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Yao Nan,Wang Fang,Xu Xia
There is growing consensus that women's preconception health is one of the most important factors for their pregnancy outcomes. More and more governments have a great emphasis on preconception health and preconception care. The study analyzed the status of preconception care in the United States in three latitudes: maternal assessment and monitoring, health promotion and counseling, and interventions to manage preexistent conditions for the reduction of risk factors. We also explored advanced experiences of the United States in order to provide some references for further and sustainable development of preconception healthcare suitable for China. Four policy recommendations put forward are as follows: (1) to strengthen the responsibility of government and establish a long-term mechanism, (2) to consolidate service delivery model based on family planning service system, (3) to carry out specialized care targeting certain population, and (4) to expand service content.
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 367-370 [Abstract]（
44
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Wu Junqing,Zhou Ying,Li Yuyan,Li Yiran,Zhao Rui,Zhang Yufeng,Ji Honglei
To explore the status and the influences on sex and reproductive health(SRH) knowledge of the adolescent-parent communication on issues related to SRH in Shanghai. Methods: A total of 536 adolescents were sampled through cluster random sampling from nuclear families of 57 communities in Xuhui District, Shanghai. The selected adolescents in the families were investigated by face to face interview with a structural questionnaire on SRH knowledge and questions related to family SRH counseling by the trained investigators. Results: Adolescents who responded parents had ever counseled them about SRH accounted for 51.31%, while the proportion of girls was about 67.97% which was higher than boys (36.07%. P<0.05). Those who said the father had ever started the topic accounted for 19.48%; while those who answered the mother had ever done so reached 44.03%. Altogether, about one-third (37.69%) of adolescents had asked their parents SRH questions, 11.19% asking the father and 33.58% asking the mother (P<0.05). Adolescents scored 42.30 on average on SRH related knowledge. Those who had communicated with their parents about SRH scored 15 points higher than the others. Conclusion: Adolescents' SRH knowledge is in a low level. Parents counseling on SRH to adolescents, though could significantly improve adolescents' awareness of SRH knowledge, is still insufficient. And the communication skills about SRH among family members need to be improved.
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 371-375 [Abstract]（
63
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WuXiaobin,Wang Qin,Tang Yi,Zhou Ping,Li Ming,Wei Yuanzhen,Hu Xiaoli,Zhang Xin
To explore the use of the intrauterine device (IUD) in native women after caesarean section and to provide a foundation of improving the efficient use of the IUD. Methods: A cross-sectional study method was used. A questionnaire survey, gynecologic and ultrasonic examination were conducted among native women with an IUD use after caesarean section in Longgang District. Results: A total of 2600 validate questionnaires were collected and analysed. The discontinuation rate due to adverse reactions was 17.6%. And 35.6% of the women experienced side effects. There were significantly higher discontinuation rate (χ2=6.448, P＜0.05) and more side effects (χ2=20.67, P＜0.005) in women aged 20-29 years. And there were significantly higher discontinuation rate (χ2=12.09, P＜0.005) in workers and peasants and more side effects (χ2=7.93, P＜0.05) in women with higher educational level. Conclusion: The discontinuation rate and incidence of side effects are correlated with users' social biology characteristics for IU use after cesarean section. Specific services should be provided among different people.
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 377-379 [Abstract]（
42
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Zhang Hongxia,Xu Jian
To explore the relationship between expressions of Toll-like receptor(TLR) 2 and 4 in oviduct and chronic salpingitis. Methods: Forty-five women experiencing salpingectomy between Jan and March, 2011 in Maternity & Child Health Hospital of Jiaxing were divided into 3 groups: normal oviduct (group A, n=10), mild chronic salpingitis (group B, n=18) and severe chronic salpingitis (group C, n=17). Expressions of TLR2 and TLR4 proteins and mRNA in the oviduct were evaluated by immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR, respectively. Results: TLR2 and TLR4 proteins were expressed on the epithelium cells of cytomembrane and in cytoplasm. Expressions of TLR2 protein and TLR2 mRNA in group B were significantly higher than those of group A (P all < 0.05) and group C (P all < 0.01). In group B, the expression of TLR4 protein was significantly higher than that of group C (P<0.05), and TLR4 mRNA level was significantly higher than those in group A and group C (P all < 0.01). Moreover, there were no significant differences in expressions of TLR2 and TLR4 proteins as well as their mRNA between group A and group C. Conclusion: TLR2 and TLR4 are expressed in oviduct and maybe involved in the pathogenesis and development of chronic salpingitis.
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 380-384 [Abstract]（
44
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Yang Liuna,Lu Zongliang,Zhou Rui,Qiu Yi,Wang Leiguang,Cai Min,Zhang Chanyu,Xu Hongxia
To evaluate the spermicidal and apoptosis-inducing activities of Platycodon D (PD), a major component of triterpene saponins in Platycodon grandiflora (P. grandiflora). Methods: Sperm samples were collected from healthy men aged 23-41 years, and were prepared by gradient centrifugation. Each sperm sample was divided into four groups based on incubation solutions: control (0.9% sodium chloride), 0.15 mmol/L PD, 0.20 mmol/L PD, and N-9 control (0.20mg/ml Nonoxynol-9, 0.31mmol/L). The sperm motility and viability were assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis system (CASA). The sperm apoptosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC flowcytometry. Results: The sperm viabilities were 67.97±21.76% for the control group, 36.68±28.23% for 0.15 mmol/L PD group, 24.18±7.72% for 0.20 mmol/L PD group, and 42.74±25.62% for N-9 control group. The sperm viability of the control group was significantly higher than those of PD groups (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the sperm viability among PD groups and N-9 control group (P>0.05). A dosage dependence of PD on apoptosis was observed. Apoptosis index of 0.15 mmol/L PD group, 0.20 mmol/L PD group and 0.25 mmol/L PD group were 181.7±46.0, 246.0±52.8 and 272.8±57.3, respectively. There were significant differences in the apoptosis index among PD groups and the control group (P<0.001).
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 386-390 [Abstract]（
50
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Jiang Fang,Ye Zhuoming,Zheng Houbin,Wang Qiling,Tang Le,Tang Lixin
To explore the correlation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) level with the oxidative damage in infertile males with varicocele. Methods: Semen concentration, vitality, motility and morphology were analyzed in 41 infertile males with varicocele (VC group) and 33 males with normal sperm parameters (normal group). The highly sensitive 8-OHdG check kit was used to detect 8-OHdG levels in seminal plasma and blood samples. Results: The semen parameters (concentration, vitality, motility) of the normal group were significantly higher than those of the VC group (P<0.05). The 8-OHdG median level in serum of the normal group (34.83ng/ml) was lower than that of the VC group (76.87ng/ml, P<0.05). And the 8-OHdG median level in seminal plasma of the normal group (18.51ng/ml) was lower than that of the VC group (22.19ng/ml, P<0.05). A correlation analysis showed that there were negative correlations between serum 8-OHdG level and the sperm vitality, progress motility (γ= -0.293, P<0.05;γ= -0.243,P<0.05, respectively), and between seminal plasma 8-OHdG level and the sperm vitality, progress motility (γ=-0.327,P<0.05;γ= -0.275,P<0.05, respectively). There were no correlations between either serum or seminal plasma 8-OHdG level and the sperm concentration, morphology. Conclusion: Serum and seminal plasma 8-OHdG levels in infertile males with varicocele are higher than those in males with normal sperm parameters. The results suggest there is DNA oxidative damage in infertile males with varicocele, which may lead to low sperm motility.
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 391-393 [Abstract]（
50
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Wang Xiuying
To study on the clinical effect of mifepristone combined with modified B-lynch suture in the treatment of central placenta previa. Method: Clinical data of 52 women suffering from central placenta previa between August 2009 and December 2011 in a hospital of Africa were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the study group (n=29) and the control group (n=23). The study group was treated with mifepristone combined with modified B-lynch suture, and the control group used the conventional therapy. The operation time, the amount of bleeding during the operation, the number of uterine resection, the amount of vaginal bleeding two hours after the operation and the incidence of complications were evaluated. Results: The operation time were (52.7±15.8) mins for the study group and (68.7±17.1) mins for the control group (P<0.05). The amount of bleeding during the operation were (495.2±164.6) ml for the study group and (742.7±215.8) ml for the control group (P<0.05). Seven patients experienced uterine resection in the control group and none in the study group (P<0.05). The amount of vaginal bleeding two hours after the operation were (52.4±6.3) ml in the study group and (63.5 ± 8.9) ml in the control group (P<0.05). Complications were found in one patient in the study group and 7 ones in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mifepristone combined with modified B-lynch suture in the treatment of central placenta previa could reduce the amount of postoperative bleeding and the incidence of uterine resection. It should be spread in clinical use. .
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 394-396 [Abstract]（
44
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Lv Futong,Chen Meijia,Xie Danni,Huang Pei,Hua Rong,Jiang Qiu
To explore 5 cases of the world-first-reported karyotyping for chromosomal abnormalities in infertile males. Methods: Chromosome in peripheral blood from male infertility patients were routinely cultured and stained by G banding, and the chromosome karyotypes were evaluated with visual examination and computer software. Results: The world-first-reported abnormal chromosome karyotypes were as follows: 46,XY,t(1;6)(q21;q23), 46,XY,t(1;17)(q21;q25), 46,XY,t(2;5)(q14.2;q15), 6,XY,t(8;12)(q13;q12), and 46,XY,t(15;19)(p10;p10). Conclusion: Chromosome abnormality is an important genetic factor of male infertility. Routine chromosome examination should be conducted for male infertility patients. And the consultation on reproductive health and genetics should be provided in order to avoid all kinds of genetic defects.
2013 Vol. 21 (6): 397-399 [Abstract]（
50
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