To explore the value of the levels of serum human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) combined with thinprep cytology test (TCT) of patients for diagnosing their cervical lesions (CL). Methods: A total of 40 patients with cervical cancer (CC) confirmed by pathology in group A and 228 patients with cervical benign lesions (CBL), including cervicitis and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in group B between October 2021 and July 2023 were collected. The levels of serum HE4 and SCC-Ag, and the positive detection rate of CL by the HE4 and SCC-Ag levels and TCT of the patients were compared between the two groups. According to the pathological results, the diagnostic value of the levels of serum HE4 and SCC-Ag, and TCT of the patients for their CL was analyzed. Results: The levels of HE4 (188.71±39.15 pmol/L) and SCC-Ag (1.81±0.21 ng/ml) of the patients in group A were significantly higher than those (73.65±11.52 pmol/L AND 0.64±0.12 ng/ml) in group B (P<0.05). The sensitivity of the TCT, the HE4 level and the SCC-Ag level of the patients for diagnosing their CC were 82.5%, 72.5% and 75.0%, respectively, the specificity of which were 77.6%, 87.7% and 86.8%, respectively, and the accuracy of which were 78.4%, 85.5% and 85.1%, respectively. The sensitivity, the specificity and the accuracy of the combined of the TCT and the levels of HE4 and SCC-Ag of the patients for diagnosing their CC were 70.0%, 93.9% and 90.3%, respectively. The accuracy of the combined of the TCT and the levels of HE4 and SCC-Ag of the patients for diagnosing their CC was significantly higher than that of the TCT, the HE4 level, or the SCC-Ag level alone (P<0.05). Conclusion: The positive rates of the serum HE4 and SCC-Ag levels and TCT of the patients with CC are higher than those of the patients with CBL. The accuracy of the combined of the TCT and the levels of HE4 and SCC-Ag of the patients for diagnosing their CL has increased.