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Abstract To investigate the correlation between the distribution of intestinal flora of infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their levels of serum sex hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adipokines visceral fat-specific serine protease inhibitor (Vaspin), and Apelin. Methods: 82 infertility patients with PCOS were selected in study group and another 82 women with infertile due to abnormal fallopian tubes were selected in control group from January 2019 to January 2022. The content of intestinal flora, and the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), TSH, estradiol (E2), Vaspin, and Apelin of the women were detected and were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the content of intestinal flora of the women in the study group and their levels of serum LH, T, E2, FSH, TSH, Vaspin, and Apelin was analyzed. Results: The contents of intestinal bifidobacteria (8.64±0.82 lg CFU/g) and lactobacillus (9.22±0.84 lg CFU/g) of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those (9.92±0.94 lg CFU/g and 9.89±0.90 lg CFU/g) of the women in the control group, but the contents of intestinal enterococcus (8.25±0.79 lg CFU/g) and enterobacter (9.14±0.87 lg CFU/g) of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those (7.08±0.67 lg CFU/g and 7.21±0.69 Lg CFU/g) of the women in the control group. The levels of serum LH, T, E2, FSH, TSH, Vaspin, and Apelin of the women in the study group were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). The contents of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus of the women in the study group were negatively correlated with their levels of serum LH, T, TSH, Vaspin, and Apelin, while the contents of enterococcus and enterobacter of the women in the study group were positively correlated with their levels of serum LH, T, TSH, Vaspin, and Apelin (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The intestinal flora of the infertility women with PCOS is disorder, and which is significantly correlated with the levels of serum LH, T, TSH, Vaspin, and Apelin of the women.
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