To investigate the contraceptive methods and contraceptive behavior of unmarried women after induced abortion. Methods: A total of 188 unmarried women who had undergone induced abortion were selected as the respondents. Through questionnaires and follow-up, the contraceptive knowledge and attitude, as well as the contraceptive status of these respondents were investigated. Results: 2.1% respondents knew a lot of contraceptive knowledge, and 29.8% respondents knew a little of contraceptive knowledge. 71.8% respondents knew the contraceptive knowledge from internet. The awareness rate of condom of the respondents was the highest (100.0%), while the awareness rates of other contraceptive methods of the respondents were all less than 50.0%, especially the awareness rates of implantation contraceptive and contraceptive injection of the respondents were only 4.8% and 2.7%, respectively. 97.9% respondents thought it was necessary to know about contraception, 88.8% respondents were willing to contraception used on their own initiative, and 75.0% respondents thought that the abortion would have an adverse impact on their future love and marriage. The score of contraceptive knowledge attitude of the respondents was 51.6±7.7 points (the range 12.0-75.0 points), which was the lowest. One week after abortion, the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents was 89.9%, which included 147 cases with combination oral contraceptive (COC) used, 20 cases with long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) used, and 2 cases with long-acting contraceptive injection used. In the first month after abortion, the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents decreased to 58.0%. In the third month after abortion, the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents decreased to 37.6%, but the utilization rate of non-effective contraceptive of the respondents increased to 52.7%. In the 6th month after abortion, the un-contraceptive rate of the respondents increased to 15.5%. In the 12th month after abortion, the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents decreased to 29.7%, but the utilization rate of non-effective contraceptive of the respondents increased to 22.5%, and the rate of unintended pregnancy of the respondents was 8.11%. In the last follow-up, the continuation rates of COC and LARC of the respondents were 25.2% and 75.0%, respectively. Survival curve analysis showed that the usage rate of the non-high effective contraceptive of the respondents was significantly higher than that of the high effective contraceptive of the respondents (P<0.05). The main reason for not continual COC used of the respondents was “difficult to adhere to daily timed medication", and that of followed by "adverse reaction of drug". The main reason for abandoning LARC used of the respondents was "adverse reactions". Conclusion: Unmarried women who underwent induced abortion have a low level of contraceptive knowledge, but their postoperative contraceptive attitude is positive. Most of these women will adopt highefficient contraceptive methods after PAC, but most of them cannot persist in using the high-efficient contraceptive methods with low continuation rate, so it is suggested that preoperative consultation service for the unmarried women should be strengthened.