To investigate the relation of the expression of T cell immunoglobulin-mucin-3 (Tim-3) and programmed death factor-1 (PD-1) on monocytes in peripheral blood of women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and threatened abortion (TA) to their Th1/Th2 cytokine level. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, 40 women with URSA during the first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in group A, 40 women with TA during the first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in group B, and 40 normal pregnant women were enrolled in group C. The Tim-3, PD-1 expression on monocytes, and the Th1/Th2 cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 ) level in peripheral blood of the women in the three groups were detected. Results: The expression levels of Tim3 and PD-1 on monocytes of the women in group A and B were significant lower than those of the women in group C, and which of the women in group A were significant lower than that of the women in group B. The levels of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γof the women in group A and B were significant lower than those of the women in group C, and which of the women in group A were significant lower than that of the women in group B (all P＜0.05). The expression level of Tim-3 on monocytes of the women in group A and B was significant positive correlation with their PD-1 expression level on monocytes in peripheral blood (P＜0.05). The expression levels of Tim-3 and PD-1 were significant negative correlated with the levels of IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ, while which were significant positive correlated with the levels of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The low expression of Tim-3 and PD-1 on monocytes in peripheral blood of the pregnant women may be involved in their occurrence and development of URSA and TA, which mechanism may regulate the Th1/Th2 cytokine expression.