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Abstract To investigate the expression characteristics of adipocytokines and inflammatory factors of the women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and puerperium. Methods: 265 pregnant women with GDM were selected in study group and 200 normal pregnant women were selected in control group from October 2019 to October 2020. The adipocytokines and inflammatory factors of the women in the two groups were detected during pregnancy and puerperium, and their correlation with the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was analyzed. Results: The levels of serum CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and HOMA-IR of the women during pregnancy in the study group were significant higher than those of the women in the control group (P＜0.05). The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and HOMA-IR of the women in the study group had showed a downward trend, while their CRP level had showed upward trend and then downward trend. The serum levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and HOMA-IR of the women in the study group were significant different during pregnancy, on the postpartum 3rd day, and on the postpartum 42th day (P＜0.05). Compared with those of the women in the control group, the adiponectin level of the women in the study group during pregnancy was significant lower, and the levels of leptin and vaspin were significant higher. The adiponectin level of women during pregnancy, on the postpartum 3rd day, and on the postpartum 42th day had showed downward an upward trend, while the levels of leptin and Vaspin had showed downward trend (all P＜0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the adiponectin level of the women with GDM during pregnancy was negative correlated with their HOMA-IR value, while the levels of leptin, vaspin, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 were positive correlated with their HOMA-IR value (all P＜0.05). The adiponectin level of the women with GDM on the postpartum 3rd day and the 42th day was also negative correlated with their HOMA-IR value, and the levels of leptin, vaspin, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 were positive correlated with their HOMA-IR value (all P＜0.05), but there was no significant correlation between the CRP level and the HOMA-IR value (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The adipocytokines and inflammatory factors are involved in the pathophysiological process of GDM, and their levels are closely related to the degree of insulin resistance of the women during puerperium, which has some value for predicting postpartum insulin resistance.
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