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| Epidemiological analysis of mother-to-child transmission blocking effect of pregnant women with HIV antibody positive from 2015 to 2018 in Zhengzhou |
| 1.Institute of AIDS&STD Control and Prevention，Henan Center for Disease Control and prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan province,450046; 2. Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Province |
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Abstract To understand the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of HIV infection of pregnant women with positive HIV antibody in Zhengzhou from 2015 to 2018, and to explore the effect of mother-to-child transmission blocking. Methods：The information of pregnant women who received HIV antibody screening test in Zhengzhou from 2015 to 2018 were collected, and their HIV antibody detection rate and HIV antibody positive detection rate were analyzed. The same number of pregnant women with HIV antibody negative who had matched the conditions were selected randomly during the same period. The epidemiological characteristics of pregnant women with HIV antibody positive, and the risk factors of HIV infection were compared between the two groups. Pregnant women with HIV antibody positive were given mother-to-child transmission blocking intervention, and the effect and pregnancy outcomes were counted. Results: From 2015 to 2018, the HIV antibody detection rates of pregnant women in Zhengzhou City were 71.03%, 73.99%, 72.30% and 76.20%, respectively, and the HIV positive detection rates were 12.31/100, 11.06/100, 13.64/100, 15.59/100,000, respectively, which all had no significant differences among the three years (P＞0.05). There were significant different in age, educational level, and working conditions between 121 pregnant women with HIV antibody positive and 121 pregnant women with HIV antibody negative (P＜0.05), but there were no significant different in marital status, child status, pregnancy times, birth times, and household registration location between them (P＞0.05). The main route of HIV infection was sexual transmission (90.08%), and 53.7% of their sexual partners were HIV infection positive, and most (80.17%) of the women were confirmed HIV infection after pregnancy. Multivariate Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that age 21-30 years old, junior high school education, and unemployment were the high risk factors of HIV infection among pregnant women in Zhengzhou (P＜0.05). Among 121 pregnant women with HIV infection positive, 21 women chosen to terminate their pregnancy, and 100 women continued their pregnancy and gave birth, which included 76 women with vaginal delivery and 24 women with cesarean section. There was no significant difference in pregnancy outcomes among women in different years (P＞0.05). Among the 100 women who were given mother-to-child transmission blocking intervention, there were 9 women were not given blocked by drugs, 68 women were given with prenatal drugs, and 23 women were given drugs when birth. And there were 100 newborns had survived, among them, 6 newborns were early HIV-positive, which included 5 newborns were born by women who did not take drugs for blocking, and 1 newborn was born by women who took drugs when birth. Conclusion: The HIV screening rate and HIV positive detection ratio of pregnant women in Zhengzhou have remained stable. The women with sexually active age, unemployment, and low education background are the risk factors of HIV infection. Sexual transmission is the main way of pregnant women HIV infection. So it is helpful to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission by taking intervention measures for HIV-positive pregnant women timely.
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