To analyze the effect of laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for treating women with ovarian cyst on their postoperative inflammatory factors and ovarian function. Methods: From February 2017 to December 2018, 116 patients with ovarian cyst were selected and divided into two groups. The women in the control group were given open ovarian cyst excision, and the women in the observation group were given laparoscopic ovarian cyst excision. The surgical effects and hormone levels of women were compared between the two groups. Results: The intraoperative bleeding volume, the recovery time of gastrointestinal function, the hospitalization time, the total complication rate, and the levels of interleukin-6 and the tumor necrosis factor-αof women in the observation group were 58.4±12.4 ml, 1.6±0.5d, 6.0±1.3d, 6.7%, 5.41±0.67 pg/L, and 11.02±0.86pg/ml, which were significant less than those of women in the control group. In 3 or 6 months after operation, the level of estradiol of women in the observation group was significant higher than that of women in the control group, but the levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone of women in the observation group were significant lower. Within one year after operation, the recurrence rate of women in the observation group was 1.7%, which was significant lower than that of women in the control group, but the menstrual recovery rate of women in the observation group was 91.4%, which was significant higher (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for treating women with ovarian cyst has less trauma, fast recovery, little effect on ovarian function, and low recurrence rate.