To investigate the effect of Elabela/APJ signaling pathway on placental angiogenesis of rats with preeclampsia. Methods: 20 female SD rats and 10 male SD rats were selected in this study. Preeclampsia rats model were established by anesthesia on the 14th day when the embolism were seen in female SD rats after male SD rats and female SD were been feed in the same cage based on the 1:2. The blood pressures of rats before and after operation were detected by tail artery systolic blood pressure method. The levels of urinary protein and creatinine of rats before and after operation were detected by ELISA. The body mass and placenta mass of fetal mice were further measured. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Elabela, APJ, VEGF and PLGF in placenta tissue of rats. qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of VEGF and PLGF in placenta tissue of rats. Results: The values of systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure, the levels of urinary albumin, and the ratio urinary albumin/creatinine of rats in the model group had increased significantly on the 1st and 7th day after operation, and those of rats in the model group were all significant higher than those of rates in the sham-operated group (P<0.05), but which had no significant different between the two groups before operation (P>0.05). while the fetal weight and placenta quality in model group were significant lower than those in sham-operated group (P<0.05). The levels of Elabela protein, APJ protein, VEGF protein, PLGF protein, VEGF mRNA, and PlGF mRNA of rats in sham operation group were 1.00±0.10, 0.96±0.09, 1.31±0.07, 1.04±0.10, 3.62±0.35, 5.23±0.66, respectively, which were significant lower than those (0.30±0.03, 0.21±0.02, 0.66±0.06，0.25±0.02, 1.09±0.26, and 2.17±0.28, respectively) of rats in the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of Elabela and APJ in placental tissue of pregnant rats with preeclampsia decrease, and the function of Elabela/APJ signaling pathway is been inhibited, which maybe participate in the occurrence and development of preeclampsia by inhibiting the expression of VEGF and PLGF in placental tissue of rats.