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| Research on the difference of fertility intention and behavior of the second child of females of childbearing age from urban and rural areas |
| Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University，210000 |
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Abstract Objective: To analyze the difference of fertility intention and behavior of women of childbearing age from urban and rural in China, and to study its relevant influencing factors. Methods: 845 women of childbearing age of Jiangsu province were selected as the subjects, which included 425 urban women (urban group) and 420 rural women (rural group). The basic information，and the desire and the behavior to have the second child were investigated, and the relevant influencing factors of the second child were analyzed by questionnaires. Results: There were significant differences in the number of children, whether to have two children, the gender of the second child, and the time to have the second child between the two groups (P<0.05). The actual number of children of women in both groups was significant lower than the ideal number of children, and the ideal and actual number of children of urban women were significant lower than those of rural women (P<0.05). The willingness of women to have the second child in the two groups was no related to whether they themselves were only children or their education level (P>0.05), but was related to the family annual income and gender of the first child (P<0.05), and the willingness of rural women was related to their age (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the family annual income was the main influencing factor for having to the second child of urban women (P<0.05), but age, family annual income, and gender of the first child were the main influencing factors for having to the second child of rural women (P<0.05). Conclusion: The willing of the second child of urban and rural women is generally not high. The rural women have obvious gender preference for the second child. Economic factors are the main factors affecting the willingness and behavior of the second child of urban and rural women, and the willingness of the second child of rural women is also affected by age and gender of the first child.
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