Abstract Objective: To investigate the change of lipid metabolism indexes of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during different gestatinal weeks, and to study its correlation with the rate of macrosomia. Methods: The clinical data of 200 women with GDM from January 2017 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were included in study group, and further divided into group A (women with macrosomia) and group B (women without macrosomia). Another 200 healthy pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were in control group during the same time. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein (Apo-B) of women were detected and compared among these groups. Results: The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,Apo-B of women during the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy in the study group were significant higher than those of women in the control group, but the levels of HDL-C and Apo-A1 of women in the study group were significant lower (P<0.05). The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,Apo-B of women with macrosomia during the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy in group A were significant higher than those of women in group B, but the levels of HDL-C and Apo-A1 of women in group A were significant lower (P<0.05). The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,Apo-B of women were significantly positively correlated with rate of macrosomia, while the levels of HDL-C and Apo-A1 were significantly negatively correlated with rate of macrosomia (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that, gain of weight (GWG), poor glycemic control, and TG level of women during the pregnancy were independent risk factors of macrosomia (P<0.05), but HDL-C and Aop-A1 levels were protective factors of avoiding macrosomia (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pregnant women with GDM have different degrees of lipid metabolism disorder, which will increase the risk of macrosomia.
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