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| Clinical observation of intrauterine device removal after menopause |
| 1.National Research Institute for Family Planning,Beijing,100081; 2.Peking Union Medical College; 3.Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics; 4.Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University; 5.Tianjin Baodi District People's Hospital;6.Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital |
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Abstract Objective: To observe the outcomes of intrauterine devices (IUD) removal of menopausal women after 2 years of their last menstruation from hospitals above grade ii based on the guidance of the “Technical Guidelines to Intrauterine Devices Removal for Menopausal women”(“Technical Guidelines”), to analyze the influencing factors of difficulty IUD removal, and to accumulated experience for the application of the “Technical Guidelines”. Methods: Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the general situation of subjects, procedure and outcomes of IUD removal. The influence factors of difficulty IUD removal were analyzed by oneway chi-square test and multi-factor logistic regression. Results: A total of 777 subjects were included for analyzing. The average age was 55.7±5.2 years old, the average years of menopause was 5.6±4.7 years, and the proportion of moderate and severe atrophy of reproductive organs were 35.1% and 56.0%. The rate of easy IUD removal was 84.7%, and the difficulty IUD removal was 14.9%. The rate of failure IUD removal was 0.4%. Severe reproductive organ atrophy was the risk factors for difficulty IUD removal. Pre-operation cervical preparation could reduce the risk of difficulty IUD removal. IUD removal under the intravenous anesthesia had no effect on the outcomes of the removal operation. Conclusion: The feasibility of the “Technical Guidelines” is quite well. It is recommended to implement the “Technical Guidelines” to the clinical practice as soon as possible.
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