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| The expression of galectin-3 of pregnant women with gestational diabetes, and its relationship with insulin resistance |
| Yiling District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yi chang city, Hubei Province, 443100 |
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Abstract To explore the expression of Galectin-3 in peripheral blood and placenta tissue of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to analyze its relationship with insulin resistance. Methods: 116 pregnant women who underwent regular pregnancy check in Yiling district maternal and child health care hospital from February 2016 to December 2017 were included in the study. According to the GDM diagnostic criteria, all included pregnant women were divided into GDM group (56 cases) and non-GDM group (60 cases). And pregnant women in GDM group were also divided into insulin resistance group (HOMA-IR≥1.66, 30 cases) and non-insulin resistance group (HOMA-IR<1.66, 26 cases).The insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated by the steady-state effect model. The levels of plasma Galectin-3 of pregnant women in each group were analyzed. The expression of Galectin-3 mRNA and protein in maternal placenta was detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting. And the correlation between protein expression and serum Galectin-3 level or HOMA-IR were analyzed. Results: The serum Galectin-3 level of pregnant women in GDM group was (32.01±6.17) ng/ml, which was significant higher than that［(8.01±2.05) ng/ml］of pregnant women in nonGDM group (P<0.05). The serum Galectin-3 level of pregnant women in insulin resistant group was (42.17±7.85) ng/ml, which was significant higher than that［(28.14±5.37) ng/ml］of pregnant women in non-insulin resistance group (P<0.05). The expression of Galectin-3 mRNA in placenta of pregnant women in GDM group was 0.71±0.67, which was significant higher than that(0.41±0.25) of pregnant women in non-GDM group(P<0.05). The expression of Galectin-3 mRNA in placenta of pregnant women in insulin resistance group was 0.97±0.85, which was significant higher than that(0.54±0.37) of pregnant women in non-insulin resistant group (P<0.05). The expression level of Galectin-3 protein of pregnant women in GDM group was 0.81±0.17, which was significant higher than that(0.41±0.05) of pregnant women in non-GDM group (P<0.05). The expression of Galectin-3 protein in placental tissues of pregnant women in insulin resistance group was 1.07±0.83, which was significant higher than that(0.64±0.27) of pregnant women in non-insulin resistant group (P<0.05). There were positively correlation between Galectin-3 mRNA, protein expression, or serum Galectin-3 and HOMA-IR (r=0.437, 0.357, 0.309, P<0.05), but there were no correlation between Galectin-3 mRNA or protein expression and serum Galectin-3 level(r=0.019, 0.025, P>0.05). Conclusion: The serum level of Galectin-3 and Galectin-3 mRNA in placental, and the protein expression in placental tissues of pregnant women are significantly increased, which means the pregnant women with GDM have possible insulin resistance. So Galectin-3 level can be used as an effective indicator for diagnosing and treating pregnant women with GDM.
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