To explore the expressions of Ki-67, p53, and ELF5 in the cervical squamous carcinoma lesions tissues of the patients, and to analyze the correlation between the expressions of ELF5, Ki-67, and p53 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues of the patients and their clinical pathology. Methods: The tumor tissue samples of 50 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) diagnosed by pathology who had undergone surgery were selected in study group, and the tumor tissue samples of 30 patients with chronic cervicit diagnosed by pathology who had undergone surgery were selected in control group from September 2019 to December 2022. The expression levels of Ki-67, p53, and ELF5 in the tissue samples of the patients in the two groups were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The positive expressions of Ki-67, p53, and ELF5 and the clinical pathological parameters values of the patients in the two groups were statistically counted. Results: The positive expression rates of Ki-67, p53 and ELF5 (92.0%, 72.0% and 60.0%) of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those (3.3%, 10.0% and 13.3%) of the patients in the control group (all P<0.05). In the study group, the expression of Ki-67 of the patients was related to the lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) of their CSCC, the expression of p53 of the patients was related to the pathological grade and depth of invasion of their CSCC, and the expression of ELF5 of the patients was related to the CSCC stage by federation of international gynecology and obstetrics (FIGO), the depth of invasion and the tumor diameter of their CSCC. The expression of Ki-67 of the patients was positively related to their pathological grade and LVSI of CSCC. The expression of ELF5 of the patients was positively correlated with their FIGO stage, pathological grade, invasion depth and tumor diameter of CSCC. The expression of Ki-67 of the patients was positively correlated with their expression of p53 and ELF5 (all P<0.05), but there was no significant correlation between the expression of p53 of the patients and their expression of ELF5. Conclusion: The expressions of ELF5, p53, and Ki-67 proteins of the patients were correlated with their development and progression of CSCC, which are contribute to the diagnosis of their CSCC and can provide the beneficial support for early treatment of CSCC.