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Abstract To explore the influence of the different intervention timing of the epidural analgesia for primiparas on their stages of labor and delivery outcomes. Methods: The data of 420 primiparas that had undergone vaginal trial delivery from January to December 2023 were selected in this study. Among them, 240 cases were treated with labor analgesia and were divided into group A (120 cases with labor analgesia at their latent phase of the uterus orifice dilation <4cm) and active analgesia group (120 cases with labor analgesia at their active phase of the uterus orifice dilatation ≥4cm) according to the timing of labor analgesia used. The other 180 primiparas who had not received labor analgesia were included in group C. The duration of labor, the delivery outcomes, the soft birth canal injuries, and the neonatal Apgar scores of the primiparas were compared among three groups. Results: The duration of the first, the second labor and the total labor time of the primiparas in group A were significantly longer than those of the primiparas in group C (q=4.71, 6.57, 6.02, P<0.05). The duration of the first and the total labor of the primiparas in group B were significantly shorter than those of the primiparas in group A (q=5.06, 4.23, P<0.05). The rates of cervical laceration and episiotomy of the primiparas in group A and in goup B were significantly lower than those of the primiparas in group C (χ2=5.91, 4.54, 7.30, 3.86, P<0.05). The incidences of the fetal distress and the cesarean section of the primiparas in group B were significantly lower than those of the primiparas in group C (χ2=4.71, 4.55, P<0.05). The incidence of the fetal abnormal position of the primiparas in group B was significantly higher than that of the primiparas in group C (χ2=3.87, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rates of the Ⅱ degree perineal laceration, the bleeding volume in 24 hours after delivery, the vaginal midwifery rate, and the neonatal Apgar scores of the primiparas among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Although the epidural analgesia for the primiparas may cause their prolonged labor, it does not increase the risk of the adverse neonatal outcomes and the postpartum hemorrhage, and which helps to reduce the rate of cervical laceration and lateral episiotomy. However, the incidences of the duration of the total labor process, the abnormal fetal position, the fetal distress and the transfer to cesarean section of the primiparas with the labor active period analgesia are lower than those of the primiparas with the labor latent period analgesia, so 4cm of the uterus orifice dilation of the primiparas is considered as a more appropriate time for the labor analgesia used.
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