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| Correlation between the serum thyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their neonatal hypoglycemia |
| Yiling People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei Province，443100 |
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Abstract To investigate the correlation between the serum thyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D ［25-(OH)D］ levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods: The clinical data of 305 women with GDM who had given birth in hospital from September 2021 to June 2022 were selected in this study. According to whether the neonatal hypoglycemia or not, 58 cases with the neonatal hypoglycemia were in study group and 247 cases without the neonatal hypoglycemia were in control group. The levels of serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormon (TSH), and 25-(OH)D of the women were detected. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between the serum FT3, FT4 and 25-(OH)D levels of the women and their neonatal blood glucose indicators. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence. Results: There were no significant differences in the age, the pre-pregnancy body mass index, the gestational age at diagnosis, the gravidity, the delivery mode, the neonatal gender, the fasting insulin and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportions of the poor blood glucose control during delivery and the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of the women, and the premature infants, the low birth weight infants and the infants with Apgar score ≤7 at 1min after birth in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of serum FT3 (6.25±1.47 pmmol/L), FT4 (13.95±1.44 pmmol/L) and 25-(OH) D (27.56±3.28 ng/ml) of the women in the study group were significantly lower than those (6.76±1.51 pmmol/L, 18.43±1.56 pmmol/L and 36.42±5.24 ng/ml) of the women in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum TSH level of the women between the two groups (P>0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the levels of serum FT3 and FT4 of the women were negatively correlated with their FBG and HbA1c levels (P<0.05), but which were no correlated with the FINS level and the HOMA-IR value of the women (P>0.05). The 25-(OH) D level of the women was negatively correlated with their FBG, HbA1c and FINS levels and their HOMA-IR value (P<0.05). The poor blood glucose control during delivery, the increased FBG level, the low-birth-weight infants, the increased HbA1c level, and the decreased levels of FT3, FT4 and 25-(OH) D of the women were the influencing factors of their neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The neonatal hypoglycemia occurrence is related to the decrease of the serum FT3 and FT4 levels of the pregnant women with GDM.
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