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| Comparison of effectiveness, safety and continuation rate of the fixed versus the stented intrauterine devices |
| 1. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Family Planning Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Management Service Center, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530028; 2. Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Fudan University |
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Abstract To observe the safety, efficacy and continuation of the fixed intrauterine device (IUD) used in women of childbearing age. Methods: The women of childbearing age who had used the national free IUD from January to June 2022 in Guangxi were investigated. The women were followed up the contraceptive effect, adverse reactions and continuation of IUD inserted within 1 and 3 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of different types of IUD on the follow up outcomes of the "special population" with cervical laxity, cervical leniency, previous IUD loss history, and IUD inserted immediately after delivery or abortion. Results: This study included 1060 fixed IUD users and 1589 stent IUD users. The “special population” included 535 (50.5%) fixed IUD users and 288 (18.1%) stent IUD users. The incidences of the change of menstruation (16.8%) and the abnormal leukorrhea (3.0%) of the fixed IUD users in the “special population” in 3 months after IUD inserted were significantly lower than those (18.8% and 3.5%) of the stent IUD users (P<0.05). The rate of continuation of IUD used (97.7%) of the fixed IUD users in the “special population” was significantly higher than that (92.8%) of the stent IUD users (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in the general population, the risk of the change of menstruation of the fixed IUD users in 1 month after IUD inserted was significantly lower than that of the stent IUD users (OR=0.62, 95% CI 0.45-0.85). In both the general and the special population, the risk of the abnormal leukorrhea of the fixed IUD users in 3 months after IUD inserted was significantly lower than that of the stent IUD users (the general population: OR=0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.80; the special population: OR=0.43, 95% CI 0.24-0.72). There were no statistically significant differences in the risk of IUD expulsion and dislocation between the fixed IUD users and the stent IUD users (the general population: OR=1.41, 95% CI 0.52-3.53; special population: OR=1.57, 95% CI 0.61-3.83). Conclusion: The fixed IUD outperforms the traditional stent IUD in terms of the vaginal bleeding and the abnormal leukorrhea. The fixed IUD is a safe and effective contraceptive in the general population and the special population.
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