To observe the influencing factors of cervical cancer (CC) screening behavior of HIV-positive women. Methods: A total of 236 HIV-positive women who were admitted to the AIDS clinic from January 2019-January 2021 were selected retrospectively as the research objects. The general data, the health literacy and the previous CC screening situation of the women were investigated. Univariate analysis was used to explore the related factors of the CC screening behavior of these HIV-positive women. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of the CC screening behavior of these HIV-positive women. Results: A total of 236 questionnaires were distributed and 218 valid questionnaires were recovered, with the effective recovery rate of 92.4%. Among 218 HIV-positive women, 64 (29.4%) women had participated in the CC screening in the past three years, and 154 (70.6%) women had not participated in the CC screening in the past three years. Univariate analysis showed that the marital status, the education level, the family per capita monthly income, the insist on using condoms, the duration of positive HIV after diagnosis, the awareness of CC, the CC screening education by medical staff, and the score by Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS) of the HIV positive women could be related to their CC screening behavior (P＜0.2). Logistic multivariate regression analysis found that the higher education level (OR=0.721, 95%CI 0.574-0.906), the higher family per capita monthly income (OR=0.690, 95%CI 0.528-0.903), the longer duration of positive HIV after diagnosis (OR=0.675, 95%CI 0.512-0.891), the higher awareness of CC (OR=0.619, 95%CI 0.4460.860), the CC screening education by medical staff (OR=0.518, 95%CI 0.317-0.847) and the higher HeLMS score (OR=0.774, 95%CI 0.679-0.882) of the HIV positive women were all the independent protective factors of their CC screening behavior (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The cervical cancer screening behavior of the HIV-positive women is related to their education level, their family per capita monthly income, their duration of positive HIV after diagnosis, their awareness level of CC, their CC screening education by medical staff and their health literacy. It is suggested that the relevant government organs should take effective measures to carry out the health education for the HIV-positive women to improve their awareness of CC and screening CC, improve their health literacy, so as to encourage the HIV-positive women to actively participate in CC screening.