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Abstract To analyze the expression levels of adipocyte factors Asprosin and apelin-13 of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their insulin resistance (IR). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 women with PCOS who had visited hospital for the first time between January 2020 and June 2021. These women were divided group A (75 cases with IR) and group B (45 cases without IR) depending on the existence of IR. The levels of serum Asprosin and apelin-13, the indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism, and the sex hormones levels of the women in the two groups were measured. The correlation between the serum Asprosin and apelin-13 expressions of the women and their levels of glucose and lipid metabolism indexes, and sex hormone was analyzed by Pearson method. The predictive value of serum Asprosin and apelin-13 expression levels for IR of the women with PCOS was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The percentage of body fat (PBF), the ratio of luteinizing hormone (LH) level /follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level, the female testosterone index (FTI) value, the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), triglyceride (TG), Asprosin, and Apelin-13, and the value of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the women in group A were significantly higher than those of the women in group B, while the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) level of the women in group A was significantly lower (P＜0.05). The serum Asprosin level of the women with IR was positively correlated with their levels of LH/FSH, FTI, HbA1c, TG, and their HOMA-IR value. The apelin-13 level of the women with IR was positively correlated with their levels of HbA1c and TG level, and their HOMA-IR value (all P＜0.05). ROC results showed that the area under curve (AUC) of the serum Asprosin level, the Apelin-13 level, and the combined detections of the serum Asprosin and Apelin-13 levels for diagnosing PCOS of the women were 0.761, 0.727, and 0.771, respectively, the sensitivity of which were 74.7%, 69.3%, and 62.7%, respectively, and the specificity of which were 75.0%, 75.0%, and 85.0%, respectively. Conclusion: The serum Asprosin and apelin-13 levels increasing of the women with PCOS are closely related to their IR, and both of which may be involved in the occurrence and development of their IR, so the increased serum Asprosin and apelin-13 levels have some value for predicting the occurrence of IR of the women with PCOS.
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