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| The expressions of caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2 and sex determining region-Y-related high mobility group box 2 in ovarian serous carcinoma tissue and their clinical significance |
| The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, 075000 |
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Abstract To investigate the expression levels of caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2(CDX2) and sex determining region-Y-related high mobility group box 2(SOX2) in ovarian serous carcinoma tissue, and to study their relationship with prognosis of patients. Methods: 84 patients with ovarian serous carcinoma, 52 patients with borderline serous tumor, and 63 patients with benign ovarian serous tumor(ovarian serous cystadenoma) from June 2012 to June 2015 were selected as the research objects. During the operation, the cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues(more than 5 cm away from the lesion tissue) of patients with ovarian serous carcinoma, the ovarian borderline serous tumor tissues, and benign ovarian serous tumor tissues of the patients were all collected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the protein expression of CDX2 and SOX2. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the relationship between the protein expressions of CDX2 and SOX2 of patients with ovarian serous carcinoma and their prognosis. COX regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of patients with serous ovarian cancer. Results: The high expression rate of CDX2 protein in normal tissues, benign ovarian serous tumor tissues, borderline serous tumor tissues, and serous ovarian cancer tissues had decreased in turn, but the high expression rate of SOX2 protein had increased in turn(P<0.05). Compared with those of the patients with FIGO stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, with histological grade G1, without lymph node metastasis, without distant metastasis, or without recurrence, the high expression rate of CDX2 protein in carcinoma tissue of the patients with FIGO stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, with histological grade G2-G3, with lymph node metastasis, with distant metastasis, or with recurrence of carcinoma had decreased significantly, but the high expression rate of SOX2 protein had increased significantly(P<0.05). The 5-year cumulative survival rate of patients with low expression of CDX2(32.9%) was significant lower than that(71.4%) of patients with high expression of CDX2, and the 5-year cumulative survival rate of patients with low expression of SOX2(68.8%) was significant higher than that(21.2%) of patients with high expression of SOX2(P<0.05). The FIGO stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, the lymph node metastasis, the distant metastasis, the low expression of CDX2, and the high expression of SOX2 were the independent risk factors of poor prognosis of the patients with ovarian serous carcinoma(P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of CDX2 protein in ovarian serous carcinoma tissue of the patients is low, but the expression of SOX2 protein is high, and both of which may interact each other in carcinoma progression, and both of which are closely related to the increases of FIGO stage and histological grade, and the poor prognosis of the patients, such as recurrence of carcinoma and death.
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