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Abstract To investigate the reproductive motivation of the post80’s generational parents after national universal twochild policy and to explore its influencing factors. Methods: The multistage sampling method was used to select 626 post80’s generational parents from Chongqing, and the self designed questionnaire about post80’s generation of parents reproductive motivation and its influencing factors was used as a tool for investigation. Results: ① There were significant different in the scores of reproductive motivation in the demographic characteristics as whether or not the only child, the gender of the first child, educational level and family annual income between the parents from urban and rural (P<0.001); ②The scores of caring on the family line, raising children for supporting parents in their old age, promoting family harmony, benefit for child growth and education, improving family status, and personal ideal sustenance of parents wanted to reproducing group were significantly higher than those of parents unwanted to reproducing group again (P<0.001); ③Gradual multiple regression analysis showed that childhood loneliness, the pressure of supporting the elderly, degree of elders urged and the optimistic of educational resources positively affected the scores of reproductive motivation (β=0.313, 0.261, 0.158, 0.093, P<0.001), but the dispersion degree of parental energy when childhood negatively affected the scores of reproductive motivation (β=0.250, P<0.001). Conclusion: Caring on the family line, raising children to support parents in their old age, promoting family harmony, benefit for child growth and education, improving family status, and personal ideal sustenance have plaid the dominant role in the reproductive decisionmaking of post80’s generational parents. And reproductive motivation are mainly affected by childhood loneliness, the pressure of supporting the elderly, the dispersion degree of parental energy when childhood, degree of elders urged, and the optimistic of educational resources and so on.
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