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Abstract Objective: To explore the influence on contraception effectiveness of post abortion care(PAC) in the agricultural and pastoral areas. Methods: From January 2013 to January 2014, 162 women were recruited and randomized into two groups. 81women received additional PAC services were in observation group, and the other 81women received routine nursing care only after abortion were in the control group. Women in both group were followed up for six months. The outcomes were contraceptive effectiveness, the women's knowledge and rate of awareness for contraceptive. Results: Rate of awareness of contraception and rate of using contraceptives in observation group was significantly higher than that of control group（P<0.05）. Rate of properly using contraceptive in observation group was also significantly higher than that of the control group, and rate of repeated abortion in six months was significantly lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Though rate of contraception using were all increased in both groups, the observation group increased more than that of control group（P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that record of formal schooling, age and number of pregnancy was related to using contraceptive correctly. Women with higher education level or getting older could use contraceptive more correct, but women with more gravidity number maybe less using contraceptive correctly. Conclusion: In agricultural and pastoral areas, women education level are usually low and lack of contraceptive knowledge. PAC will improve local women's contraceptive knowledge and awareness, reduce repeated unintended pregnancy.
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